This master’s thesis deals with a comprehensive evaluation of the company's investment related to the purchase of construction machinery. All calculations are performed according to the theoretical basis introduced in the beginning. To evaluate the effectiveness of the investment, static and dynamic methods are used, together with the sensitivity analysis of individual risk factors. The probability of possible scenarios is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. To conclude, recommendations whether the project should be implemented is given.

The diploma thesis is focused on determining the value of the company HARTMANN - RICO a.s. as of 1 January 2020. The discounted cash flow method in the entity variant will be used to determine the value. The theoretical part contains a description of all analyzes and methods that are used in the analytical part. The practical part deals with the strategic analysis of the company, then the financial plan of the company, the determination of the cost of capital and the determination of the value of the company by the method of discounted cash flows.

The diploma thesis is focused on determining the value of the company PROSEC Ltd. The results of partial analyzes and estimate the financial value will serve the needs of senior management. The company has been operating successfully for several years and its main activity is the sale of security and electrical equipment. The first part is devoted to the theoretical knowledge and on the basis of literature are described concepts, definitions, methods and practices of individual analyzes and determining the value and are used in the practical part. The practical part is a strategic and financial analysis. The value of the company is quantified using selected methods.

The diploma thesis deals with a valuation of a company for a selling purpose by using the discounted cash flow method with an entity approach. Initially the theoretical basis gets defined. Afterwards the theoretical findings are applied in the practical part, which consists of a strategic and a financial analysis ending up in a financial plan. In the following the value of the company gets calculated and finally a range from a pessimistic to an optimistic company value results.

The thesis deals with the valuation of the company - Nemocnice Hranice, a.s as the date of 1 st January 2013. In the theoretical part of this thesis the basic concepts related to valuation are clarified. The basic valuation methods and the process of valuation is described. In the analytical part the strategic and finacial analysis is processed. The financial plan is elaborated in two versions - pessimistic and optimistic. At the end is detemined the enterprise value at the measurement date using the valuation method selected the yield.

The master‘s thesis discusses the evaluation of the project regarding the purchase of machinery scissors for GAFLEX, s. r. o., which is a major producer of chimneys and provider of chimney services. Work is divided into three parts, where the introductory part addresses theoretical platforms dedicated to funding and investments, the second part is an economic impact assessment and an analysis of the firm, and the third section contains proposals for potentially funding an investment in the company and evaluating the effectiveness of the investment.

The objective of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is to provide useful information to the users of financial statements to assist in making economic decisions. To be useful, information has to be relevant and reliable, but the reliability of information suffers when the guidelines for the reporting of specific issues are not clear and managerial discretion arises. Write-offs are one of those accounting issues that are regularly related to earnings management. By now it is seen as common knowledge that write-offs, especially those on goodwill, do not reflect declines in asset value; rather, they are used as a device to manipulate financial reports. However, there is a striking lack of grounded theoretical research that can confirm this assessment. The aim of this dissertation is to provide valuable analytical and empirical insights on fixed asset write-offs under IFRS. In a first step, the practical implementation of IAS 36 in Europe has to be analyzed, which is best done empirically. Based on the findings from these empirical surveys, the most substantial questions remaining are subject to an in-depth analytical discussion. Since IAS 36 entails different measurement issues that have their origins in finance theory, this dissertation also aims to introduce some basic techniques from theoretical finance to accounting research. Lastly, as the analyses presented in this dissertation do not cover all open questions on fixed asset write-offs, the author hopes to encourage further research on this important topic.:1. Analytical and Empirical Analyses on Fixed Asset Write-Offsffs: An Overview... 1 2. Determinants of the Write-Off Decision under IFRS: Evidence from Germany... 20 3. What Drives Companies? An Analysis of Fixed Asset Write-Offs in Europe in the Context of Different Institutional Settings... 60 4. A Critical Analysis of the Requirements of IAS 36 - A Pre-Tax CAPM?... 134 5. A New Perspective on Fixed Asset Write-Offs - When is Earnings Management Optimal... 166

La spécificité de la tradition monétaire de Henry Thornton, Ralph George Hawtrey, John Maynard Keynes et John Richard Hicks, est de considérer le taux d'intérêt comme une variable influencée par la banque centrale. Ces auteurs peuvent être rattachés à une même tradition monétaire, différente de celle de Knut Wicksell, où le taux d'intérêt est déterminé par une variable réelle: le taux de profit. Dans la tradition de Thornton, le prêt et l'emprunt renvoient une vente et un achat de titres de dette. Ces derniers prennent une forme différente selon la période étudiée. Au dix-neuvième siècle, Thornton proposait que la Banque d'Angleterre contrôle, par des variations de son taux d'escompte, le prix de la liquidité de court-terme, étant la substituabilité des traites commerciales en monnaie. Un siècle plus tard, cette influence était effective. Cependant, au XXe siècle, avec le développement des marchés financiers, d'autre canaux de transmissions de la politique monétaire sont apparus. Bien que négligée par 1 littérature, une des controverses les plus représentatives de cette époque est celle d'Hawtre Keynes et Hicks. Ils conviennent que le taux court est un phénomène monétaire. En revanche, ils ne s'accordent pas sur la nature du taux long. Les débats portent sur la théorie pionnière d Keynes de la structure par terme des taux d'intérêt, les effets d'annonces, ainsi que les limite de l'arbitrage. / The specificity of the monetary tradition of Henry Thornton, Ralph George Hawtrey, John Maynard Keynes and John Richard Hicks is to consider the interest rate as mainly determined by the monetary policy. Those authors are part of the same monetary tradition, different that Knut Wicksell for whom the interest rate is a real variable: the rate of profit. The process of borrowing and lending, in the monetary tradition analyzed in my PhD thesis, corresponds to a sale and a purchase of debts. Debts take a different form according to the period studied. ln the nineteenth century, Thornton wrote that the Bank of England should be able to manage, by varying its discount rate, the price of short-term liquidity, which is the substitution of bills againt money. ln the twentieth century, other transmission channels of monetary policy appeared wit the evolution of financial markets. Although neglected by the literature, one of the most representative controversy at that time was between Hawtrey, Keynes and Hicks. All made a theory in which the short-term rate is a monetary phenomenon. They however disagreed on the nature of the long-term rate. The debate is on Keynes's pioneering theory of the term structur of interest rates, the announcement effects, and the limits to arbitrage.

The thesis Analysis of a particular investment project - the construction of new buildings and office space is to evaluate the effectiveness of the investment options elected by the selected evaluation methods. Variants of investments are assessed by the average cost, modified pay-back period and modified the discounted pay-back period. In a further evaluation of options is determined the tax savings of each option and its impact on the total cost of investment. On the basis of all methods and procedures are selected one variant of the investment. Finally, evaluate the sustainability of the investment options selected in the operational phase.

Diploma thesis covers the topic about different attitudes to DCF valuation. The first part is an introduction into CAPM theory and a multifactor French-Fama model. This part also indicates different views on financial assets and analyzes an issue of setting discount rates, especially the risk-free rate and equity risk premium. The second part of this paper applies the theory into valuation of Microsoft, GAP and Telefónica O2. There are elaborated forecasts of the financial statements and free cash flows (FCFCE, FCFU), the discount rate composition and analyses of the factors HML and SMB. At the end, there are performed various valuations, which results are discussed together with a development of real market prices.