Problems with the current categorical approach to classification used by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) have led to proposals that classify the emotional disorders (EDs; anxiety and mood disorders) using a dimensional-categorical system based on shared ED vulnerabilities and phenotypes. Such profile-based approaches have yet to be empirically evaluated, in part because a single multidimensional assessment of shared ED vulnerabilities and phenotypes amenable to profile-based classification has not been developed. The present studies aimed to provide an initial examination of a categorical-dimensional approach to ED classification (Study 1) as well as develop and evaluate a multidimensional self-report assessment of shared ED vulnerabilities and phenotypes (the Multidimensional Emotional Disorder Inventory [MEDI], Study 2). The samples consisted of 1,218 (Study 1) and 227 (Study 2) participants who presented for assessment and treatment at an outpatient ED treatment center. All participants were assessed using a semi-structured ED interview and a set of ED self-report questionnaires. The MEDI was completed only by the participants in Study 2. Study 1 used mixture modeling to identify six unobserved groups (classes) of individuals sharing similar profiles across seven dimensional ED vulnerability and phenotype indicators. The external validity of the profiles was supported when related ED covariates were added to the solution. The incremental validity of the profiles was supported using hierarchical regression models; the profiles accounted for unique variance in ED outcomes beyond DSM diagnoses. In Study 2, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the factor structure of the MEDI. ESEM supported an eight-factor solution of a 47-item version of the MEDI. Differential magnitude of correlation analyses supported the convergent/discriminant validity of seven of the eight MEDI scales. A five-class (profile) solution, consistent with Study 1, was found when mixture modeling was applied to the MEDI scales. Collectively, the present studies provide compelling evidence in support of the development and utility of a hybrid dimensional-categorical profile approach to emotional disorder classification using multidimensional self-report assessment methods such as the MEDI.

A growing body of research has documented associations between personality disorders (PDs) and attachment disturbance, and yet, attachment disturbance does not necessarily guarantee the development of PD pathology. Thus, understanding the mechanisms mediating the relationship between attachment disturbance and PD pathology remains an open area of research. One area with sound theoretical and empirical evidence has shown that attachment disturbances are associated with emotion regulation difficulties, as well as maladaptive interpersonal patterns of behavior. However, the research conducted thus far has predominately focused on borderline personality disorder, at the exclusion of other PD domains, and also has not broadened the scope of research to include other relevant psychological processes that may clarify how personality pathology and attachment disturbance are interrelated. Using a large independent sample of college (n = 946) and community-based individuals (n = 271), the current study aimed to (1) examine how the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) PD trait domains would be differentially associated with maladaptive attachment processes and emotion regulation problems, and (2) explore whether deficits in mindfulness and emotion regulation mediated the relationship between disturbed attachment and PD trait domains. Findings suggested that the PID-5 PD trait domains have general and specific relations to attachment insecurity, impairments in emotion regulation, and decreased mindfulness. Overall, the current study suggests that improving emotion regulation skills and increasing dispositional mindfulness may limit the expression of pathological personality traits. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.

Never have so many listened to so much music. The transition to digital uses has made theart form more accessible to everyone. But the transition has also entailed that musiciansreceive ever lower remuneration for the exploitation of their work in relation to other partieson the market. To harmonize copyright law in the digital age, and to strengthen the positionof authors and performers, the Digital Single Market Directive was adopted by the EU in2019.The present work deals with the right to remuneration in accordance with Articles 18and 20 of the Digital Single Market Directive, more particularly in situations when relatedrights to music performances are transferred. The aim is to examine and argue for how thearticles should be interpreted to satisfactorily achieve the purpose underlying the directive.It is stated that the purpose behind the directive is to ensure that authors and performersreceive necessary compensation for their work and achievements, i.e., a compensation largeenough to safeguard the survival of creative and artistic work in all of Europe over a longperiod of time.Further, the conclusion is drawn that Swedish law, in its current form, doesnot live up to the requirements set by Article 20 in the Directive. In addition, it is argued thatArticle 18, which in some respects might be considered optional, rather should be appreciated as a necessary means to reach the purposes underlying the Directive and therefore beimplemented as non-optional. The conclusion is that Article 18 is needed both as a methodof adjusting non equitable contractual terms and as a principle of unwaivable right to remuneration

Internet is today described as a new platform for sex and sexual encounters with unlimited access to anonymous sex, cybersex and pornography due to the expansion of Internet throughout the word. Computers provide new technology and the possibility of constant access via phones, tablets and computers. Even though many people claim this is something positive it has also been discussed in terms of sexual exploitation, abuse and dependence. Risks expected to increase in line with the technological development that is taking place. The purpose of this study is therefore to explore the capacity of different health facilities to cater the need of care in regard to an increased number of people, with risk to develop a behaviour that could be classified as sex addiction. The study is based on interviews with four professionals at three different health facilities in Malmö with the intention to find out how different health facilities look at the concept of sex addiction, when a behaviour transitioning to become an addiction and what treatment they recommend.According to respondents a behaviour become an addiction when the patient/client experience the consequences of the behaviour as negative or when the behaviour becomes compulsive. In addition, all stated that they never would ascribe a patient/client as a sex addict and all were careful in their use of the term sex addiction. Additionally it became clear that there are individual differences in course of action taken by the professionals within these health facilities.

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Presently, the DSM is undergoing revision in anticipation of the publication of the DSM-5 in 2013 (APA, 2010a). The Neurodevelopmental Disorders DSM-5 workgroup has suggested that Asperger’s Disorder (AS) and Autistic Disorder (AD) be subsumed into a new, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis (APA, 2010b). This project reviews researcher methodologies for the description, study inclusion/exclusion, and assessment of individuals with AS and AD in 100 highly cited articles from high-impact journals. Results demonstrate that researchers’ methodologies are highly variable. Additionally, all researchers do not use the “gold standard” combination of the ADOS and the ADI-R for assessing AS and AD. The use of inconsistent and potentially inappropriate methodologies in the literature suggests it may be preemptive to base the proposed DSM-5 revision on the incomparable results in the research.

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