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Events identification using Box-Jenkins methodology with application to accelerated durability tests of ground vehiclesSarkar, Mostofa Ali 20 September 2012 (has links)
Durability tests are important to ensure the safety and reliability of a ground vehicle and involve frequently driving a vehicle through a series of events that simulate different road conditions or obstacles encountered during actual driving. Since durability tests are costly in-terms of time and money, accelerated durability lab tests can be used to spot failures before actual road tests. Signals of different events of the actual durability road tests generate three continuous time series data, that can be used to conduct accelerated durability lab tests. The actual analysis of these time series is very challenging because they are (i) of high frequency (ii) very noisy and (iii) inconsistent.
The purpose of this study was to identify the patterns of signals from the noisy and inconsistent time series data collected from the field tests. The Box-Jenkins methodology was used to identify models corresponding to different events. Due to complex structures of the real data, ARMA modelling was considered after testing stationarity of the given time series. While the time series data in vertical direction was used to identify the first three events, the time series in vertical, longitudinal and lateral directions were used to identify other four events.
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Identifica??o das condi??es gerais de conserva??o dos reservat?rios integrantes do sistema de abastecimento de ?gua de Natal / Identification of conditions of conservation of the reservoir members of water supply system of NatalPereira, Hazen Willian Bezerra 23 May 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-23 / Infrastructure works are included in strategic areas for the social development. For that matter that all of the investments are very important for the social development. When the population has enough water and an acceptable quality, and it includes a wastewater gathering and its treatment, the whole society became less susceptible to the water diseases. Even the Water Supply and the Sewage depend for its perfect operation of reservoirs, or of the accumulation of water to provide the popular necessity, either due to retention or for the treatment wastewarer. These structures present very specific environmental conditions, because the microclimate created around them, like high environmental humidity and for the existence of many harmful substances for the concrete, such as chloride ions presents in water. The reservoir that compose the System of Water Supply of Natal were built between 1970s and 1980s, a period whom the technical and scientific community did not have in-depth studies about the reinforced concrete mechanism of deterioration. Therefore, these reservoirs have been suffered accelerated deterioration progress, and they have been shown many pathological manifestations strikingly visible. In front of all these problems this academic work aims to identify the generally conditions of conservation of all the reservoirs components of the Water Supply System of Natal. This academic work objectives to develop a recuperation plan for use in these reservoirs, in this academic work it was achieved all the survey of pathological manifestation existing in each reservoir. It was made with local visits, photographic recorders of all manifestations
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and realization of in loco tests. The other step consisted in a application of GDE/UnB metodolgy reformulated by Fonseca (2007). In the step of local visits in each reservoir it was evaluated carbonation depth, by spreading a phenolphthalein solution with 1% of concentration; evaluation of contamination of chlorides, by spreading silver nitrate solution with 1% of concentration, and evaluation of width cracks. After the conclusion of all the testings, it was established that all reservoir, studied in this academic work, have showed an advanced deteriorating condition. It?s presents prevalent pathological manifestations as unacceptable cracks, spots, efflorescence and reinforcement corrosion, and in some cases, chlorides contamination. After the conclusion of the testings and its concatenation it was able to implementing, using GDE/UnB methodology, the order of the restoration its service life and initial safety conditions / As obras de infraestrutura englobam ?reas estrat?gicas para o desenvolvimento da sociedade. Neste ?mbito as obras de saneamento s?o de suma import?ncia para o desenvolvimento social. Com o fornecimento de ?gua em quantidade suficiente e qualidade satisfat?ria, juntamente com a coleta e o devido tratamento dos efluentes dom?sticos, a sociedade torna-se menos suscept?vel ?s doen?as de veicula??o h?drica. Tanto o Sistema de Abastecimento de ?gua quanto o de Esgotamento Sanit?rio dependem, para seu perfeito funcionamento, de reservat?rios, seja para o ac?mulo de ?gua para atendimento da popula??o, seja para a devida reten??o e tratamento dos efluentes dom?sticos. Essas estruturas apresentam caracter?sticas bem espec?ficas de utiliza??o, porque o microclima criado em seu entorno caracteriza-se pela elevada umidade relativa do ar e pela presen?a de subst?ncias danosas ao concreto, como os ?ons cloretos presente na ?gua. Os reservat?rios que integram o Sistema de Abastecimento de ?gua de Natal foram, em sua maioria, constru?dos entre as d?cadas de 1970 e 1980, per?odo em que o meio t?cnico-cient?fico n?o dispunha de estudos aprofundados sobre o mecanismo de deteriora??o do concreto armado. Por isso, esses reservat?rios sofrem com o processo acelerado de degrada??o, apresentando diversas manifesta??es patol?gicas visivelmente identific?veis. Diante dessa problem?tica este trabalho visa identificar as condi??es gerais de conserva??o dos reservat?rios integrantes do Sistema de Abastecimento de ?gua de Natal. Objetivando desenvolver um plano de recupera??o para esses reservat?rios, neste trabalho realizou-se o levantamento das manifesta??es patol?gicas apresentadas em
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cada um dos reservat?rios, com a realiza??o de visitas in loco, registro fotogr?fico das manifesta??es e a realiza??o de ensaios de campo. A etapa posterior consistiu na aplica??o da metodologia GDE/UnB reformulada por Fonseca (2007). Na etapa de visita t?cnica a cada um dos reservat?rios foram avaliadas a profundidade de carbonata??o, por meio da aspers?o de solu??o de fenolftale?na a uma concentra??o de 1%; avalia??o da contamina??o por cloretos, por meio da aspers?o de solu??o de nitrato de prata a uma concentra??o de 1%, e a avalia??o das aberturas de fissuras. Ap?s a realiza??o dos ensaios, constatou-se que os reservat?rios objeto deste estudo encontram-se em avan?ado estado de deteriora??o, apresentando como manifesta??es patol?gicas recorrentes a presen?a de fissura??o inaceit?vel, manchas e efloresc?ncias e corros?o das armaduras, devido, principalmente ? carbonata??o, e em alguns casos, a contamina??o por cloretos. Ap?s a obten??o dos resultados e a realiza??o de sua concatena??o, foi poss?vel hierarquizar, por meio da aplica??o da metodologia GDE/UnB, a ordem que os reservat?rios devem sofrer interven??es para recupera??o de sua vida ?til e condi??es iniciais de seguran?a
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Optimizing Distributed In-memory Storage Systems˸ Fault-tolerance, Performance, Energy Efficiency / Optimisation des Systèmes de Stockage en Mémoire ˸ Performance, Efficacité, DurabilitéTaleb, Mohammed Yacine 02 October 2018 (has links)
Les technologies émergentes, telles que les objets connectés et les réseaux sociaux sont en train de changer notre manière d’interagir avec autrui. De par leur large adoption, ces technologies génèrent de plus en plus de données. Alors que la gestion de larges volumes de données fut l’un des sujets majeurs de la dernière décennie, un nouveau défi est apparu récemment : comment tirer profit de données générées en temps réel. Avec la croissance des capacités de mémoires vives, plusieurs fournisseurs services, tel que Facebook, déploient des péta-octets de DRAM afin de garantir un temps d’accès rapide aux données. Néanmoins, les mémoires vives sont volatiles, et nécessitent souvent des mécanismes de tolérance aux pannes coûteux en termes de performance. Ceci crée des compromis entre la performance, la tolérance aux pannes et l’efficacité dans les systèmes de stockage basés sur les mémoires vives. Dans cette thèse, nous commençons, d’une part, par étudier ces compromis : nous identifions les facteurs principaux qui impactent la performance, l’efficacité et la tolérance aux pannes dans les systèmes de stockage en mémoire.Ensuite, nous concevons et implémentons un nouveau mécanisme de réplication basé sur l’accès à la mémoire distante (RDMA). Enfin, nous portons cette technique à un nouveau type de système de stockage : les systèmes de stockage pour streaming. Nous concevons et implémentons des mécanismes de réplication et de tolérance aux pannes efficaces et un impact minimal sur les performances sur le stockage pour streaming. / Emerging technologies such as connected devices and social networking applications are shaping the way we live, work, and interact with each other. These technologies generate increasingly high volumes of data. Dealing with large volumes of data has been an important focus in the last decade, however, today the challenge has shifted from data volume to velocity: How to store, process, and extract value from data generated With the growing capacity of DRAM, service providers largely rely on DRAM-based storage systems to serve their workloads. Because DRAM is volatile, usually, distributed in-memory storage systems rely on expensive durability mechanisms to persist data.This creates trade-offs between performance, durability and efficiency in in-memory storage systems We first study these trade-offs by means of experimental study. We extract the main factors that impact performance and efficiency in in-memory storage systems. Then, we design and implement a new RDMA-based replication mechanism that greatly improves replication efficiency in in-memory storage systems. Finally, we leverage our techniques and apply them to stream storage systems. We design and implement high-performance replication mechanisms for stream storage, while guaranteeing linearizability and durability.
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Estudo do ingresso de cloretos em concretos localizados no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul / Study the entry of chlorides in concrete structures in the north of Rio Grande do SulRomano, Fátima Sequeira January 2009 (has links)
As estruturas de concreto armado existentes em regiões marítimas são fortemente atacadas por agentes agressivos, sendo os cloretos os causadores dos maiores danos quando atingem níveis críticos, afetando de forma significativa a vida útil do concreto. Nos últimos anos a comunidade científica vem realizando pesquisas relativas à penetração de cloretos e suas conseqüências, sendo a maioria desenvolvida em laboratórios. Em ambiente natural, no Brasil, foram realizadas pesquisas nas regiões Nordeste e Sul, mais especificamente no Rio Grande do Sul na cidade de Rio Grande. O litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul possui condições climáticas diversas em relação ao litoral Sul, apresentando municípios com significativo incremento na indústria da construção civil, justificando assim o desenvolvimento do estudo nesta região. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar a influência do tipo de cimento utilizado, do uso de adições de sílica ativa da relação água/aglomerante em relação à penetração de cloretos nas estruturas de concreto em ambiente natural. Foi analisado, também, o distanciamento da estrutura de concreto em relação ao mar e as condições ambientais do local, tais como direção dos ventos predominantes e umidade relativa. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, foram realizados ensaios químicos para determinar o teor de cloretos nas amostras retiradas dos corpos-de-prova colocados em Tramandaí a três distâncias do mar (50, 150 e 800 m) e junto a Lagoa Tramandaí (1800 m em relação ao mar), em Imbé, a diversas profundidades (superficial, 5, 15 e 25 mm). Os resultados indicam que quanto menor a relação água/aglomerante e maior o distanciamento em relação ao mar, menor o teor de cloretos que ingressam nas estruturas de concreto, sendo que a 800 m da orla marítima essa agressividade não é significativa. Concretos com as faces posicionadas a nordeste foram as que apresentaram maior penetração de cloretos. O uso de cimento CP V-ARI com adição de sílica ativa proporciona uma maior concentração superficial de cloretos no concreto, porém, um menor ingresso em seu interior. Nesta pesquisa, nenhum concreto atingiu o teor crítico de cloretos (0,15%) para o ambiente de atmosfera marítima onde foram expostos. / The reinforced concrete structures existing in maritime regions are heavily attacked by aggressive agents, with chlorides those who cause more damage when they reach critical levels, significantly affecting the life of the concrete. In recent years the scientific community is conducting research on the penetration of chlorides and their consequences, mostly developed in laboratories. In the natural environment, in Brazil, were searched in the Northeast and South, more specifically in Rio Grande do Sul in Rio Grande. The northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul has different climatic conditions over the south coast, with municipalities with a significant increase in the construction industry, thereby justifying the development of the study in this region. This research aims to study the influence of cement type, the use of additions of silica fume of the water / binder for the penetration of chlorides in the concrete structures in the natural environment. We also analyzed the distance of the concrete structure from the sea and the environmental conditions of the site, such as direction of prevailing winds and relative humidity. In support of this research, we conducted chemical tests to determine the chloride content in the samples of soils-proof Tramandaí placed in the three distances from the sea (50, 150 and 800 m) and along the lagoon Tramandaí (1800 m above the sea), in Imbé at various depths (surface, 5, 15 and 25 mm). The results indicate that the lower the water / binder and the greater the distance from the sea, the smaller the amount of chlorides entering the concrete structures, and 800 meters from the seafront this aggression is not significant. Concrete with faces positioned northeast showed the highest penetration of chlorides. The use of cement CP V-ARI with the addition of silica fume provides greater surface concentration of chlorides in concrete, however, a lower entry inside. In this study, no case has reached the critical content of chloride (0.15%) to the environment of maritime atmosphere where they were exposed.
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Estudo do ingresso de cloretos em concretos localizados no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul / Study the entry of chlorides in concrete structures in the north of Rio Grande do SulRomano, Fátima Sequeira January 2009 (has links)
As estruturas de concreto armado existentes em regiões marítimas são fortemente atacadas por agentes agressivos, sendo os cloretos os causadores dos maiores danos quando atingem níveis críticos, afetando de forma significativa a vida útil do concreto. Nos últimos anos a comunidade científica vem realizando pesquisas relativas à penetração de cloretos e suas conseqüências, sendo a maioria desenvolvida em laboratórios. Em ambiente natural, no Brasil, foram realizadas pesquisas nas regiões Nordeste e Sul, mais especificamente no Rio Grande do Sul na cidade de Rio Grande. O litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul possui condições climáticas diversas em relação ao litoral Sul, apresentando municípios com significativo incremento na indústria da construção civil, justificando assim o desenvolvimento do estudo nesta região. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar a influência do tipo de cimento utilizado, do uso de adições de sílica ativa da relação água/aglomerante em relação à penetração de cloretos nas estruturas de concreto em ambiente natural. Foi analisado, também, o distanciamento da estrutura de concreto em relação ao mar e as condições ambientais do local, tais como direção dos ventos predominantes e umidade relativa. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, foram realizados ensaios químicos para determinar o teor de cloretos nas amostras retiradas dos corpos-de-prova colocados em Tramandaí a três distâncias do mar (50, 150 e 800 m) e junto a Lagoa Tramandaí (1800 m em relação ao mar), em Imbé, a diversas profundidades (superficial, 5, 15 e 25 mm). Os resultados indicam que quanto menor a relação água/aglomerante e maior o distanciamento em relação ao mar, menor o teor de cloretos que ingressam nas estruturas de concreto, sendo que a 800 m da orla marítima essa agressividade não é significativa. Concretos com as faces posicionadas a nordeste foram as que apresentaram maior penetração de cloretos. O uso de cimento CP V-ARI com adição de sílica ativa proporciona uma maior concentração superficial de cloretos no concreto, porém, um menor ingresso em seu interior. Nesta pesquisa, nenhum concreto atingiu o teor crítico de cloretos (0,15%) para o ambiente de atmosfera marítima onde foram expostos. / The reinforced concrete structures existing in maritime regions are heavily attacked by aggressive agents, with chlorides those who cause more damage when they reach critical levels, significantly affecting the life of the concrete. In recent years the scientific community is conducting research on the penetration of chlorides and their consequences, mostly developed in laboratories. In the natural environment, in Brazil, were searched in the Northeast and South, more specifically in Rio Grande do Sul in Rio Grande. The northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul has different climatic conditions over the south coast, with municipalities with a significant increase in the construction industry, thereby justifying the development of the study in this region. This research aims to study the influence of cement type, the use of additions of silica fume of the water / binder for the penetration of chlorides in the concrete structures in the natural environment. We also analyzed the distance of the concrete structure from the sea and the environmental conditions of the site, such as direction of prevailing winds and relative humidity. In support of this research, we conducted chemical tests to determine the chloride content in the samples of soils-proof Tramandaí placed in the three distances from the sea (50, 150 and 800 m) and along the lagoon Tramandaí (1800 m above the sea), in Imbé at various depths (surface, 5, 15 and 25 mm). The results indicate that the lower the water / binder and the greater the distance from the sea, the smaller the amount of chlorides entering the concrete structures, and 800 meters from the seafront this aggression is not significant. Concrete with faces positioned northeast showed the highest penetration of chlorides. The use of cement CP V-ARI with the addition of silica fume provides greater surface concentration of chlorides in concrete, however, a lower entry inside. In this study, no case has reached the critical content of chloride (0.15%) to the environment of maritime atmosphere where they were exposed.
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Développement et mise en application d'un cadre de modélisation pour l'analyse des risques appliqués aux systèmes constructifs / Durable Performances: : Computer assisted FMECA for Construction Product AssessmentBazzana, Manuel 27 October 2011 (has links)
Les outils logiciels d’analyse des risques contribuent à la maîtrise de la qualité des produits, notamment en permettant l’identification de leurs modes de défaillances potentiels. Le travail de thèse présenté dans ce mémoire porte sur la définition d’un cadre de modélisation générique adapté aux produits du bâtiment et destiné à servir de base pour le développement d’un tel outil. Ce cadre de modélisation vise à permettre une représentation qualitative et unifiée des systèmes constructifs et de leurs modes de fonctionnement. Les différents objets qui le constituent ainsi que leurs articulations permettant de réaliser l’étude d’un produit sont décrits et illustrés. Un prototype d’outil fonctionnel est ensuite développé sur la base de ces travaux, puis mis en application au travers de plusieurs études. / Software tools for risk analysis contribute to the quality control of products, notably by allowing the identification of their potential failure modes. The thesis work presented in this dissertation concerns the definition of a generic modeling framework suitable for building products and intended to serve as basis for the development of such a tool. This modeling framework is intended to allow a qualitative and unified representation of building systems and their modes of operation. The various objects that constitute it and their articulations are described and illustrated. A functional prototype tool is then developed on the basis of our work, and implemented through several studies.
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Corrosion: inexorability versus durability / Corrosión: inexorabilidad vs. durabilidadDiaz Tang, Isabel 25 September 2017 (has links)
En general, un material tenderá a corroerse espontáneamente en un determinado medio si los productos de corrosión son más estables que el material de partida, o si bajo las condiciones de exposición la corrosión resulta favorecida. En la práctica, lo que se busca es extender la vida útil de estructuras, equipos o dispositivos, es decir, mejorar su durabilidad. / In general, a material will tend to corrode in a specific environment when the corrosion products are more stable than the starting material or, when exposed to certain conditions, a corrosion process results favored. In general practice, the goal is to extend the service life of structures, equipment or devices, that is, to improve their durability.
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Utilização do método dos elementos finitos para cálculo de durabilidade de componentes mecânicos / Using the finite elements method for the calculation of the components durabilityMichele Marim Mendes 27 October 2009 (has links)
O trabalho tem como objetivo a utilização do método dos elementos finitos para o cálculo da durabilidade de componentes mecânicos. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso que contempla, passo a passo, a metodologia utilizada. Um conjunto knuckle assembly dianteiro de um veículo off-road, fornecido por uma montadora nacional foi utilizado no estudo de caso. A geometria foi discretizada e modelada em software de pré-processamento em elementos finitos, o MSC.Patran®. Em seguida, foi submetida à análise estática no solver MSC.Nastran® para enfim obter-se o cálculo de durabilidade através do solver Fatigue®. Uma extensa revisão teórica foi realizada a fim de que o estudo tivesse embasamento teórico. / The work has as objective the use of the finite elements method for the calculation of the components durability. A case study using the proposal methodology was developed. A front set knuckle assembly of an off-road vehicle, supplied by a national assembly company was used in the case study. Geometry was discretized and shaped in software of pre-processing in finite elements, the MSC.Patran®. After that, it was submitted to the static analysis using the solver MSC.Nastran®, and the durability calculation using the solver Fatigue®. An extensive theoretical revision was carried through so that the study had theoretical basement.
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Estudo de durabilidade de rolamentos de roda baseado em rotas brasileiras / Durability study of wheel bearings, based on Brazilian route dataFescina, Edson Lelis 16 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Auteliano Antunes dos Santos Júnior / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T19:44:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo definir um modelo de carregamento para o calculo de vida em rolamentos de rodas, baseado nas condições reais de esforços característicos das vias no Brasil. Uma analise comparativa entre os modelos de rota atualmente disponíveis na literatura e na pratica foi elaborada e seu efeito sobre a vida do rolamento analisado. O histórico de carregamentos, nas condições reais de percurso, foi levantado para a rota nacional. Os dados foram medidos com extensômetros fixados no rolamento e na suspensão, bem como um acelerômetro fixado na altura do centro de gravidade do veiculo, circulando numa rota utilizada em teste de durabilidade de veículos no Brasil. Os carregamentos foram analisados e comparados com os modelos de carregamentos levantados anteriormente. Apos as analises, adotou-se o modelo de carga mais adequado as condições reais das vias brasileiras para o calculo de vida do rolamento de rodas / Abstract: The present work has the objective of defining a load model to estimate the life of wheel bearing, suitable to the conditions of roads in Brazil. A comparative analysis of models of the routes currently available in the literature and practice was conducted and the effect of their loads on the bearing life was analised. A composition of loads extracted from the actual conditions of route was proposed to define the national route. To get the actual loads the data were measured by strain gages fixed in the wheel bearing and the strut body, and also by an accelerometer sensor fixed in the gravity center of the vehicle, circulating in a route used for vehicle durability test in Brazil. The loads were analyzed and compared with the loads previously proposed. After that, a more appropriate load model was adopted to calculate the durability of the bearing for the real conditions of the Brazilian roads / Mestrado / Dinâmica / Mestre em Engenharia Automobilistica
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Concreto projetado elaborado com cimentos especiais: análise segundo parâmetros de durabilidade. / Shotcrete elaborated with especial cements: analisys according to durability parameters.José Carlos Gasparim 18 September 2007 (has links)
O presente trabalho contempla um estudo experimental de análise do comportamento de concretos projetados por via seca, através de ensaios indicadores dos principais parâmetros de durabilidade, constantes de especificações nacionais e internacionais. A pesquisa envolve a avaliação comparativa entre quatro tipos de cimento especialmente formulados para uso em concreto projetado, em relação a outros dois tipos de cimento tradicionalmente empregados na composição de misturas projetáveis, no que se refere ao atendimento aos requisitos relativos à durabilidade, normalmente especificados para o material. Os concretos projetados, elaborados com consumos de cimento de 300 kg/m³, 350 kg/m³, 400 kg/m³ e 450kg/m³ foram inicialmente caracterizados, no estado fresco, com base em ensaios de consistência e depois produzidas amostras, em condições similares às de obra e estas submetidas aos ensaios balizadores de parâmetros de durabilidade adotados neste estudo, a saber: Absorção por Imersão e Fervura, Índice de Vazios, Massa Específica Real; Absorção de Água por Capilaridade; Migração de Íons Cloreto; Resistividade Elétrica; Penetração de Água sob Pressão e Carbonatação Acelerada. Como alguns dos ensaios supracitados não são destrutivos, foi possível aproveitar corpos-de-prova, que foram depois submetidos a ensaios de resistência à compressão axial e à tração através da compressão diametral, que também contribuíram para caracterização do material. De um modo geral, os resultados foram satisfatórios e atenderam às especificações vigentes. Contudo, os concretos elaborados com cimentos especiais, formulados com granulometria mais fina e adição de metacaulim, apresentaram indicadores de durabilidade consideravelmente superiores aos dos concretos elaborados com cimentos convencionais ou mesmo cimentos especiais formulados com aditivos, inclusive para consumos relativamente baixos. Apesar de não ter sido o foco principal deste trabalho, vale ressaltar os surpreendentes resultados dos ensaios de resistência mecânica, obtidos para os concretos elaborados com cimentos especiais formulados com granulometria mais fina e adição de metacaulim, que atingiram valores de resistência à compressão nunca antes observados, fato que pode tornar o material bastante promissor. / The present work involves an experimental study with dry-mix shotcrete aiming at the behavior analysis, through indicative testing of the main durability parameters of national and international specifications. The research involves the use of four cement types especially formulated for use in shotcrete use in comparison with two other cements that are traditionally used in mix production for shotcrete spraying. The shotcrete mixtures were elaborated with cement consumptions of 300 kg/m³, 350 kg/m³, 400 kg/m³ and 450kg/m³. They were characterized initially, in the fresh state, in terms of stiffness tests, and later, cores were extracted to produce samples, in similar conditions and submitted to ordinary durability tests: Water Absorption, Volume of Voids, Specific Weight; Water Absorption by Capillarity; Chloride Migration; Electric Resistivity; Water Penetration under Pressure and Accelerated Carbonatation. As some of the tests are not destructive, some of the samples was used for compressive and tensile (Brazilian Test) strength determination, what also contributed to additional characterization of the material. In general, the results were very satisfactory and they fit to the specifications requirements. However, the shotcretes elaborated with special cements, formulated with finer gradation and metakaolin addition, presented a much better behavior in terms of durability indicators comparing to the shotcretes produced with conventional cements and cements formulated with accelerators, even when, relatively low consumption of cement was used. Despite not being the main focus of this work, it is worth mentioning the surprising results of the testing of mechanical resistance, obtained for the shotcretes elaborated with special cements formulated with finer gradation and metakaolin addition, which reached resistance values to the compression never observed, making it a promising material.
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