Thesis (M.S.)--Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. / "AD-A405 818." Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-157). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Philosophy. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 240-266). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ82825.

Thesis (M.A.)--Bowling Green State University, 2009. / Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 122 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, March, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2006. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-192).

Thesis (M. A.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-184). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 287-298).

Why and under what conditions have the Kurds become agents of change in the Middle East in terms of democratization? Why did the Kurds’ role as democratic agents become particularly visible in the 1990s? How does the Kurdish movement’s turn to democratic discourse affect the political systems of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria? What are the implications of the Kurds’ adoption of “democratic discourse” for the transnational aspect of the Kurdish movement? Since the early 1990s, Kurdish national movements in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria have undergone important political and ideological transformations. As a result of the Kurds’ growing role in shaping the debates on human rights and democratization in these four countries, the Kurdish national movement has acquired a dual character: an ethno-cultural struggle for the recognition of Kurdish identity, and a democratization movement that seeks to redefine the concepts of governance and citizenship in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria. The process transformation has affected relations between the Kurdish movements and their respective central governments in significant ways. On the basis of face-to-face interviews and archival research conducted in Turkey, Iraq and parts of Europe, the present work challenges the current narrative of Kurdish nationalism, which is predominantly drawn from a statist interpretation of Kurdish nationalist goals, and argues instead that the Kurdish question is no longer a problem of statelessness but a problem of democracy in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria. The main contributions of this work are three fold. First, the research unfolds the reasons behind the growing emphasis of the Kurdish movement on the concepts of democracy, human rights, and political participation, which started in the early 1990s. Second, the findings challenge the existing scholarship that explains Kurdish nationalism as a problem of statelessness and shifts the focus to the transformative potentials of the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria through a comparative lens. Third, this work explores the complex transnational coordination and negotiations between the Kurdish movements across borders and explains the regional repercussions of this process.

abstract: This dissertation examines incidents of conflict and violence amid communities of the Maya Tzotzil Chamula in Chiapas, Mexico. Despite ostensible homogeneity, or more social and cultural resemblances than differences, conflicts arise between many Chamula because of how they acquire desire according to others who mediate what is desirable. These conflicts relate well to Rene Girard's hypothesis that mimetic desire influences identity yet generates conflict as imitation fosters rivalry. Qualitative methods of participant observation, interviews, and document research depict how desire, identity, and conflict interrelate. Ethnographic cases show how conflict emerges "interdividually" as rivals compete to obtain objects imputed desirable. The study begins with how young Tzotzils today appropriate the desires of others, becoming lawyer, spiritual guide, rock and roll singer, or anthropologist. Complex examples exhibit groups struggling for power and privilege within or between members of communities as they vie over "objects of desire" such as status, land, water, or representations of power and pecuniary interests. For some Chamula, mimetic rivalry works to deny resemblances with others despite being alike as neighbor, relative, farmer, carpenter, or member of the same political or religious affiliation. The study also highlights mimetic interactions that have shaped Maya struggles in the past, such as the uprisings of 1712, 1867, and 1911. Interpretive analysis explores how identity formation (structures), imitative desire (motivated interaction), and practice (habitual agency) together galvanize material and psychosocial variables for conflict. Imitative desire is worth observing because of its long-term implications for human adaptation and social change. As a contribution to social conflict theory, this dissertation offers a critical perspective to current research on mimetic desire as a significant force in human relations. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Anthropology 2012

Orientador: John Manuel Monteiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T10:47:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OrtizContreras_VictorRaul_M.pdf: 4503214 bytes, checksum: 4b2b4d0da808204bc060f54cda3c1389 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta dissertação consiste em um estudo histórico e comparativo de dois processos de territorialização indígena no contexto sul-americano. Em primeiro lugar, trata da situação dos Mapuche no Chile, enfocando tanto o processo de etnogênese no período colonial quanto a ocupação de seus territórios autônomos no período que vai de meados do século XIX ao princípio do século XX. Em segundo lugar, aborda a situação dos Kaiowá-Guarani no Brasil, analisando os aspectos formativos de suas identidades sociais no período colonial e descrevendo o processo de ocupação agro-econômica, no final do século XIX, e o posterior aldeamento promovido pelo Serviço de Proteção ao Índio, entre 1915 e 1928, na fronteira sul-mato-grossense. O objetivo central da pesquisa é dimensionar comparativamente os processos sociais e os conflitos ideológicos que tornaram possível a criação de contextos básicos de ocupação dos territórios indígenas por parte dos respectivos Estados. Para tanto, é utilizado como marco analítico o conceito de territorialização, definido, conforme J.P. de Oliveira Filho, como uma intervenção da esfera política hegemônica que prescreve um território determinado a um conjunto de indivíduos e grupos sociais. Nossa hipótese é que tais processos não estabeleceram modalidades unilaterais, estáticas e cabalmente impositivas de delimitação espacial, sendo a própria manifestação de uma identidade territorial mapuche ou kaiowá-guarani conseqüência de suas intensas relações interétnicas e intersocietárias. Um segundo objetivo, que advém do anterior, consiste em entender as conexões temporais entre os processos históricos de territorialização indígena e a configuração de uma etnopolítica no presente, a qual se articula nas demandas e reivindicações de ¿recuperação¿ dos territórios tidos como tradicionais. Todos os indícios históricos apontam que a perda da autonomia territorial significou para ambos os grupos, Mapuche e Kaiowá, um momento crítico de sua história recente, a partir do qual se redefiniram, no decorrer do século XX, e se redefinem, no presente, as condições de suas relações intersocietárias. A partir desse duplo movimento analítico, pode-se concluir que efetivamente é o território o âmbito estratégico-administrativo mais relevante na situação de incorporação de populações indígenas dentro (e por parte) do Estado-nação. Do ponto de vista indígena, no entanto, a cronologia de fatos históricos que caracterizam a perda de suas autonomias territoriais tem profundas implicações para o modo como esses grupos pensam e agem nas conjunturas do presente / Abstract: This work consists of a historical and comparative study of two territorialization of indigenous groups processes in South America. First, it deals with the situation of the Mapuche in Chile, focusing both the ethnogenesis process during the colonial period and the occupation of their autonomous territories in the period between the mid-nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. Second, it approaches the situation of the Kaiowá-Guarani in Brazil, analysing the formative aspects of their social identities in the colonial period; and describing the process of agroeconomic ocuppation, at the end of the nineteenth century, and the later settlement promoted by the Service for the Protection of the Indigenous (SPI - Serviço de Proteção ao Índio), between 1915 and 1928, in the borders of the Mato Grosso do Sul state. The main aim of the research is to comparatively measure the social processes and ideological conflicts that rendered possible the making of the basic contexts of occupation of indigenous territories by each of the two States. Therefore, we use as our framework the concept of territorialization, defined, following J. P. de Oliveira Filho, as an intervention of the hegemonic public sphere that prescribes an specific territory to a set of individuals and social groups. Our hypothesis is that such processes did not establish unilateral, static and entirely imposed procedures for the defining of borders. The manifestation of a mapuche or kaiowá-guarani territorial identity is a consequence of their intense interethnic and intersocietal relations. Another aim of the work, deriving from the first, consists of understanding the connection in time between the historical processes of indigenous territorialization and the configuration of an ethnopolitics in the present, this latter being expressed in demands and claims for the "recovery" of territories regarded as traditional. All historical evidence indicatesthat the loss of territorial autonomy was a critical moment in the recent history of both the Mapuche and the Kaiowá groups. From then on, along the twentieth century and in the present, they have been and are redefining the conditions for intersocietal relations. From this analytic double move one may conclude that the territory is in fact the most relevant strategic-administrative aspect of the incorporation of indigenous populations into (and by) the nation state. However, from the indigenous point of view the chronology of the facts that characterize their loss of territorial autonomy have deep consequences for the way these groups think and act in the present / Mestrado / Etnologia Indigena / Mestre em Antropologia Social