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Development of a Digital Potentiometer Circuit for Digital Compensation of Frequency and Temperature Variations of Kvco to Provide Reprogramming of the Transmitter RF Center Frequency in the FieldOder, Stephen, St. Gelais, Robert, Caron, Peter, Bajgot, Douglas 10 1900 (has links)
ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / Cobham Electronic Systems, Inc. has developed a digital potentiometer circuit to allow for digital compensation of frequency and temperature variations in the VCO/PLL frequency control loop of a telemetry transmitter. The ability to reprogram the RF center frequency of a telemetry transmitter is a useful feature and is required on many telemetry programs. When setting the frequency modulation deviation (FM Modulation Index) of a telemetry transmitter, the exact setting will change with RF center frequency due to the variation of the transfer function of the VCO (Kvco). Typically, a resistor divider is used to set the frequency modulation deviation level by setting the output data signal amplitude. However, since Kvco varies with respect to RF center frequency, a method of adjusting frequency modulation deviation for each frequency setting is required. The shunt resistor in the resistor divider is replaced with a digital potentiometer to provide the necessary adjustment, using the on-board microprocessor to store a look-up table of settings versus frequency. A key feature of the digital potentiometer circuit is a method to increase the frequency bandwidth of the potentiometer. Digital potentiometers typically have frequency bandwidths measured in kiloHertz to MegaHertz, which limits their use in setting the frequency modulation deviation of high data rate telemetry transmitters. The circuit consists of a 256 position digital potentiometer and several resistors that are used to adjust the slope of the resistance vs. digital code curve and to translate the curve up and down along the Y-Axis. Adding external resistors to the digital potentiometer helps to increase the frequency bandwidth of the digital potentiometer. The selection of the maximum resistance range of the digital potentiometer is also important, as the potentiometer bandwidth is greater when a small portion of the total resistance is used. This paper will explore various methods of increasing the effective bandwidth of a digital potentiometer, with the goal of making them suitable for use in dynamically setting the frequency modulation deviation via digital control.
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Further development of NICE-OHMS : – an ultra-sensitive frequency-modulated cavity-enhanced laser-based spectroscopic technique for detection of molecules in gas phaseEhlers, Patrick January 2014 (has links)
Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy, NICE-OHMS, is a laser-based spectroscopic detection technique that comprises the concepts of frequency modulation (FM, for reduction of 1/f-noise by detecting the signal at a high frequency) and cavity enhancement (CE, for a prolongation of the optical path length) in a unique way. Properly designed, this gives the technique an intrinsic immunity against the frequency-to-noise conversion that limits many other types of CE techniques. All this gives it an exceptionally high sensitivity for detection of molecular species. Although originally developed for frequency standard purposes in the late 1990s, soon thereafter development of the technique towards molecular spectroscopy and trace gas detection was initiated. This thesis focuses on the further development of Doppler- broadened NICE-OHMS towards an ultra-sensitive detection technique. A number of concepts have been addressed. A few of these are: i) The detection sensitivity of fiber-laser-based NICE- OHMS has been improved to the 10−12 cm−1 range, which for detection of C2H2 corresponds to a few ppt (parts-per-trillion, 1:1012) in gas phase, by improving the locking of the laser to a cavity mode by use of an acousto-optic modulator. ii) It is shown that the system can be realized with a more compact footprint by implementation of a fiber-optic circulator. iii) A systematic and thorough investigation of the experimental conditions that provide maximum signals, referred to as the optimum conditions, e.g. modulation and demodulation conditions and cavity length, has been performed. As a part of this, an expression for the NICE-OHMS line shape beyond the conventional triplet formalism has been proposed and verified. iv) To widen the applicability of NICE-OHMS for detection of pressure broadened signals, also a setup based upon a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser has been realized. v) In this regime, the Voigt profile cannot model signals with the accuracy that is needed for a proper assessment of analyte concentrations. Therefore, the thesis demonstrates the first implementations of line profiles encompassing Dicke narrowing and speed-dependent effects to NICE-OHMS. While such profiles are well-known for absorption, there were no expressions available for their dispersion counterparts. Such expressions have been derived and validated by accompanying experiments. vi) The applicability of the technique for elemental detection, then referred to as NICE-AAS, has been prophesied. / Brusimmun kavitetsförstärkt optisk-heterodyndetekterad molekylärspektroskopi (NICE-OHMS) är en laser-baserad spektroskopisk teknik som förenar frekvensmodulation (för reducring av 1/f-brus genom detektion vid en hög frekvens) och kavitetsförstärkning (KF, för en förlängning av den optiska väglangden) på ett unikt sätt. Korrekt realiserad uppvisar tekniken en inneboende immunitet mot omvandling av frekvensbrus till intensitetsbrus som många andra KF-tekniker är begränsade av. Allt detta ger tekniken en exceptionellt hög känslighet för molekyldetektion. Ursprungligen utvecklad för frekvensstandardändamål i slutet av 1990, har den sedan dess utvecklats för molekylspektroskopi och spårgasdetektering. Denna avhandling fokuserar på vidareutvecklingen av NICE-OHMS mot en tillämpbar, ultrakänslig detektionsteknik. Ett antal koncept har adresserats. Några av dessa är: i) Detektionskänsligheten hos fiberlaserbaserad NICE-OHMS har förbättrats till 10-12 cm-1 området, vilket för detektion av C2H2 i gasfas motsvarar några få ppt (parts per biljon, 1:1012), genom att förbättra låsningen av lasern till en kavitetsmod med hjälp av en akustooptisk modulator. ii) Det har demonstrerats att NICE-OHMS kan realiseras mer kompakt med hjälp av en fiber-kopplad optisk cirkulator. iii) En systematisk och grundlig utredning av de experimentella förhållanden som ger maximala signaler, betecknade de optimala förhållanden, t.ex. modulering och demodulering och kavitetslängden, har utförts. Som ett led i detta har ett uttryck för NICE-OHMS linjeform bortom den konventionella triplett formalismen föreslagits och verifierats. iv) För att bredda tillämpbarheten av NICE-OHMS för detektering av tryckbreddade signaler har även en instrumentering baserad på en distribuerad-återkopplad (eng. distributed feedback, DFB) laser realiserats. v) I detta område kan inte Voigt profilen modellera signalen med den noggrannhet som krävs för en korrekt bedömning av analytkoncentrationer. Därför visar avhandlingen de första implementeringarna i NICE-OHMS av linjeprofiler som inkluderar Dicke avsmalning (eng. Dicke narrowing) och hastighetsberoende effekter (eng. speed-dependent effects). Emedan sådana profiler är välkända för absorption, fanns det inga uttryck för deras dispersiva motparter. Sådana uttryck har därför härletts och validerats av medföljande experiment. vi) Tillämpbarheten av tekniken för detektion av atomer, NICE-AAS, har diskuterats och förutspåtts. / <p>Ytterligare forskningsfinansiär: Kempestiftelserna</p>
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Channel estimation and equalization for doubly-selective channels using basis expansion modelsSong, Liying, Tugnait, Jitendra K., January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-144).
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Study of fade and inter-fade durations in Ku- and Ka- band frequencies using OLYMPUS satellite beacons /Ajaz, Haroon, January 1993 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-130). Also available via the Internet.
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Frequency scaling of rain attenuation on satellite links in the Ku/Ka-bands using OLYMPUS satellite data /Laster, Jeff D., January 1993 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 157). Also available via the Internet.
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High-performance frequency-demodulation systemsKouwenhoven, Michael Hendrikus Laurentius, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Technische Universiteit Delft, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.
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High-performance frequency-demodulation systemsKouwenhoven, Michael Hendrikus Laurentius, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Technische Universiteit Delft, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.
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AM-FM transforms with applications /Pattichis, Marios Stephanou, January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-248). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
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Design of CMOS RF low-noise amplifiers and mixer for wireless applications /Lou, Shuzuo. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in electronic version.
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Channel characterisation and coding for the FM SST channelAlbertyn, Eben 10 November 2011 (has links)
M.Ing. / The transmission of digital data at higher data rates and greater reliabilities is becoming increasingly more important in the society of today. The usage of, especially wireless digital data, is increasing at an alarming rate, and the need arises for more bandwidth to be made available for this purpose. Hence, the need arises to optimise and expand the usage of bandwidth currently under use. Existing wireless channels, such as the commercial FM service, need to be re-evaluated and unused bandwidth needs to be developed and used as close to capacity as possible. In this dissertation, a study was launched to develop the FM SST (Supplementary Signal Transmission) commercial analog service as a simplex digital channel that can commercially be used to transmit a myriad of digital data. With the help of a commercial FM radio channel, digital data was transmitted using a number of different modulation schemes to obtain channel measurements for the FM SST channel. The modulation scheme that performed the best, given certain criteria, was GMSK. This raw information was then used to extract first and higher order statistical information from the channel, in order to parameterise discrete channel models, based on a Markov process. The channel models that were used were the Gilbert, GilbertElliott and Fritchman channel models. These channel models were then tested according to their iirst and higher order statistical data to evaluate their effectiveness in modelling the error process on the FM SST channel. It was found that the channel model best approximating the real channels was the Gilbert channel. Once satisfactory results were obtained, these discrete channel models were then used to evaluate various error correction schemes for their ability to correct burst errors on the FM SST channel. From the various schemes evaluated, a (63,39) BCH with an interleaver of index 4 was found to perform the best. The purpose of which is to transmit digital data at the highest data rate possible and at the same time having a bit error rate less than lxl0-6.
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