Alternative investments are a new but fast growing phenomenon in the South African market, hedge funds in particular were introduces to our market in the year 2000. Assets under management by hedge funds have enjoyed fast growth over the years relative to assets managed by mutual funds. Including hedge funds in an investment portfolio represents a unique proven opportunity for pension funds to protect their investments during bear markets. Unfortunately only a limited number of investors outside the industry understand what factors drive returns in hedge fund strategies. The hedge fund industry is still a mystery to many investors who as a result have not been able to take advantage of absolute returns generated through investing in hedge funds. This quantitative research aimed to determine which dominant factors drive strategy aggregate returns in the Hedge Fund Industry through correlation. It also aimed to analyse regression of these factors to returns on different strategies as well as among themselves. Lastly to develop models of hedge fund aggregate returns by equity strategy using the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model. Results of the research show that the Mid Cap index is the primary driver of equity strategies selected in this research. The Long Short interest rates as the secondary driver, the Long Bias has the small cap index and global markets as the secondary driver, for the Market Neutral strategy has a short position in small caps as its secondary performance and resource indices are the secondary performance drivers for the Global Macro strategy. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Oswaldo Fernandes Caldas Morone.pdf: 3680755 bytes, checksum: 6c737b46ddaf129681b93ef58f7395ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-14 / The Investment Fund Industry , concisely and objectively examines investment funds regulated by Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, pointing out the key management, portfolio management, and corporate governance aspects of this activity so important to the National Financial System, in parallel with the indispensable protection given to small investors and managerial responsibility. In their apparent simplicity, investment funds are the most complex phenomena in the securities markets, due to the fact that they participate in all of them, often in a hybrid manner, inasmuch as they put together a number of risk assets with different compensations, with a view to diluting risks and to obtaining a degree of added value, always seeking effects of scale in order to better compensate investments by its quota-holders, by ensuring access to certain markets and assets, which would not be possible for common investors who are not in possession of the indispensable expertise and professionalism. Hence, these funds portfolio managers provide access by common investors, in proportion to their share, to conditions and markets to which they would never have access. This analysis is not intended to view the economic issue, but rather the dogmatic issue. In fact, investors protection systems, fund portfolio composition, risk sharing, among other relevant aspects, are already in conformity with a previous structure duly put in place by the regulating body. And success by investment funds is a result of a combination of a number of factors; in addition to those mentioned above, they are intended to encourage savings by means of a continuous appeal to new investors and through the diversification of means of investing. In this respect it examines the technical and factual vulnerability of common investors, who assume all kinds of risks and any likely losses brought about resulting from market fluctuations, the investor protection rules, as well as the responsibility by fund managers and portfolio managers. It covers the investment fund types and ratings in Brazil, highlighting the key aspects with regard to organization and registration of funds, segregation of assets, their prospectus and regulations, portfolio composition and investment policy, quota pricing, liquidity, quota-holders meetings, taxation of profits, controls and reports. Finally, it points out the joint responsibility of investment fund managers and portfolio managers for any likely losses caused to investors owing to conduct contrary to the law, to regulations and to normative rulings, owing to actions or omissions, and from an eminently legal viewpoint, without forgetting to bring to light the serious crisis which adversely affected investment funds in the year 2002, in connection with the mark to market episode. The Investment Fund Industry aims at the objective of contributing to the development of this important national savings funding instrument, arguing in favor of an indispensable partnership between fund managers, regulating bodies, and class associations, so that together they may search for innovations and diversifications brought about by the very nature of the financial market, without ever losing sight of the preservation of investors interests and rights / A Indústria de Fundos de Investimento , de forma concisa e objetiva, analisa os fundos de investimento regulados pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, identificando os principais aspectos de gestão, administração e governança corporativa deste segmento tão importante do Sistema Financeiro Nacional, concomitantemente à indispensável proteção do pequeno investidor e da responsabilidade do administrador. Os fundos de investimento, na sua aparente simplicidade, são dos fenômenos mais complexos do mercado de valores mobiliários, pelo fato de participarem de todos eles, muitas vezes de forma híbrida, na medida em que reúnem diversos ativos de risco e de diferentes remunerações, visando a diluir o risco e obtendo um grau de mais valias, buscando sempre efeitos de escala para melhor remunerar a aplicação de seus cotistas, mediante o acesso a determinados mercados e produtos, o que não seria possível ao investidor comum que não possui a expertise e profissionalização indispensáveis. Assim, os gestores desses fundos possibilitam ao investidor comum o acesso, na proporção de sua participação, a condições e mercados a que nunca poderia aceder. A presente análise não tem como mote a questão meramente econômica, mas dogmática. Com efeito, o regime de proteção aos investidores, a composição das carteiras dos fundos, a divisão dos riscos, dentre outros aspectos relevantes, já estão conformados sob uma estrutura prévia, devidamente normatizada pelo órgão regulador. E o sucesso dos fundos de investimento deve-se à confluência de vários fatores; além dos já acima mencionados, têm a finalidade de incentivar a poupança pelo contínuo apelo a novos investidores e pela diversificação da formas de investimento. Examina, nesse passo, a vulnerabilidade técnica e fática do investidor comum, o qual assume todos os riscos e eventuais prejuízos causados, decorrentes das oscilações do mercado, as normas de proteção ao investidor, bem assim a responsabilidade dos administradores e gestores dos fundos. Aborda, os tipos e classificações dos fundos de investimento no Brasil, ressaltando os principais aspectos relativos à constituição e registro dos fundos, a segregação dos ativos, seus prospectos e regulamentos, composição da carteira e política de investimento, valoração das cotas, liquidez, assembléias de cotistas, tributação dos rendimentos, controles e relatórios. Finalmente, identifica a responsabilidade solidária do administrador e do gestor dos fundos de investimentos por eventuais prejuízos causados aos investidores em virtude de condutas contrárias à lei, ao regulamento ou aos atos normativos, por ação ou omissão, e sem deixar de enfrentar sob, a ótica eminentemente jurídica, a grave crise que assolou os fundos de investimento no ano de 2002, sob o affair da marcação a mercado. A Indústria de Fundos de Investimento trilha no objetivo de contribuir para o crescimento desse importante instrumento de captação da poupança nacional, propugnando pela indispensável parceria entre os administradores de fundos, órgão regulador e associação de classe para que, juntos, busquem as inovações e diversificações impostas pela própria natureza do mercado financeiro, sem, jamais, perder de vista a preservação dos interesses e direitos do investidor

This research is a systematic, in depth empirical test of the strong form of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) using the dual-fund industry as the research subject. Unlike most strong-form EMH research, this study deals with a small, homogeneous sector of the investment company industry with a comparable origin date. To obtain homogeneity of the research subjects, the sample size is necessarily small (7), thus, making it difficult to find statistically significant results. In general, portfolio performance is negatively correlated with variability in measures of portfolio characteristics such as the major mix, common stock categories, portfolio turnover, etc. The better-performing dual funds were more consistently managed while the lower-performing companies had significant and sometimes frequent changes in portfolio policies. In line with the efficient market hypothesis, "passive" management, i.e., low turnover, few changes in major mix or common stock composition, shows better results in the dual-fund industry from inception through 1973.

Submitted by Paulo Sergio Soares (ps-soares@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-05T19:51:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Final.pdf: 620762 bytes, checksum: 4b6198b156d7085162e70f3152b74284 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2017-06-06T13:11:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Final.pdf: 620762 bytes, checksum: 4b6198b156d7085162e70f3152b74284 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T12:45:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Final.pdf: 620762 bytes, checksum: 4b6198b156d7085162e70f3152b74284 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / This work replicates Horta¸csu & Syverson (2004) model using Brazilian data. The objective of this paper is to evaluate if search frictions explain price dispersion, administrative fees, in the Brazilian funds industry. We use in our sample passive funds targeting two market indexes: Ibovespa and IRF-M. We found evidence that search costs are higher in the Ibovespa market than the IRF-M market. Considering those funds as differentiated products we observe that the Management Company plays an important role in consumers evaluation. / Este trabalho replica o trabalho de Hotaçsu e Syverson (2004) utilizando dados brasileiros. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar se fricções de busca explicam dispersão de preços, taxas de administração, na industria de fundos brasileira. Nos utilizamos em nossa amostra fundos passivos que tentam replicar dois índices: o Ibovespa e o IRF-M. Nos encontramos evidência que custos de busca são maiores em no mercado de fundos Ibovespa. Considerando estes fundos como produtos diferenciados observamos que as empresas gestoras têm um papel importante nas preferências dos consumidores.

abstract: Since the 2008 financial crisis, the total assets managed by U.S. mutual funds have frequently hit new highs and the industry has become increasingly concentrated. In the meantime, two strategies have emerged in the American mutual fund industry: active and passive management. What factors affect the market shares of firms that adopted these two different strategies? Building on strategic management theories, I suggest that mutual fund families that adopted active and passive management strategies tend to compete in different dimensions. Active management fund families tend to implement the product differentiation strategy, competing on “product quality” through excess-returns, innovative and differentiated fund products; passively managed fund families focus more on "price competition" by conducting an overall cost leadership strategy. This research examines the driven factors of fund families’ market share. The results show that: the market share of actively managed fund families is more sensitive to positive impact of fund performance, while passive management firms are more sensitive to negative effect of management fees and total loads; 12b-1 expense improves the competitiveness of active fund families and thus enhance their market shares but it has negative impact on passive fund families. In addition, high turnover decreases the market share of all fund families, especially for passively managed families. The outcome reveals the latest US mutual industry orientation: products differentiation, turnover, management fee have greater impact on market share while the competition of fund performance is diminishing. The Matthew effect in US mutual fund industry is outstanding. Industrial competition dimension expands from performance and products to cost cutting. Empirical analysis on Chinese mutual fund families is also conducted. Different from the US, there is only small number of mutual fund families targeting passive management products. The results show that the distribution channel has the largest impact on Chinese mutual fund family market share and investors are more willing to chase performance than to consider cost-efficient fund families. This study then analyses reasons behind the difference of Chinese and American mutual fund industries. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2018

Submitted by Guilherme Lopez Ghidetti (guilherme.ghidetti@gmail.com) on 2017-09-04T22:40:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Guilherme Ghidetti.pdf: 995353 bytes, checksum: 4373446355579d7219e09a399a6d9851 (MD5) / Rejected by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Guilherme, boa noite. Por gentileza, corrija o nome da escola na capa do seu trabalho para que eu possa aprovar! "Getulio" sem acento. Qualquer dúvida entre em contato pelo e-mail mestradoprofissional@fgv.br ou ligue 3799-7764 Att, on 2017-09-04T23:03:37Z (GMT) / Submitted by Guilherme Lopez Ghidetti (guilherme.ghidetti@gmail.com) on 2017-09-04T23:44:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Guilherme Ghidetti.pdf: 924017 bytes, checksum: e4d23b4bb78e47633d5326b5724ebd78 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-09-05T22:28:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Guilherme Ghidetti.pdf: 924017 bytes, checksum: e4d23b4bb78e47633d5326b5724ebd78 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T14:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Guilherme Ghidetti.pdf: 924017 bytes, checksum: e4d23b4bb78e47633d5326b5724ebd78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-09 / Global financial markets are getting more and more integrated. One must consider this phenomenon’s effects in making investment decisions: a Brazilian investor should not rely just on its own local market when making an investment. Within this background and uncountable investment opportunities across the globe, this paper has the objective to help investment professionals in the decision of where to concentrate efforts and resources to select the best investment funds when building a global stocks portfolio. This study analyses the determinants of mutual fund performance for a sample of 2,223 investments funds focused in stocks, for the period between 2008 and 2015. These funds’ investments guidelines restrict them to invest in one of the following regional blocks: United States, Europe, Asia Pacific ex-Japan and Brazil. Data related to funds’ characteristics, economic and financial development, regional stock markets and respective fund industry characteristics where collected to identify and understand their impact in funds’ ‘alpha’. We conclude that investors must focus their efforts looking for active investment managers in regions with the following characteristics: better access to information, developed stock markers (being by larger participation in the region’s economy or higher trading volumes), lower competition in the fund industry and lower passive investment penetration in the market. Regarding fund’s characteristics, larger funds that are receiving inflows should have investors’ preference. / O mercado financeiro está cada vez mais integrado mundialmente e os efeitos desse fenômeno nas decisões de investimento de alocadores de recursos não podem ser desprezados: um investidor brasileiro não deveria se restringir ao mercado local na sua tomada de decisões. Diante desse cenário e das inúmeras alternativas de investimentos disponíveis ao redor do globo, esse trabalho tem como objetivo auxiliar esses alocadores de recursos na decisão de onde concentrar esforços e recursos para selecionar as melhores opções de fundos de investimento no mercado de ações global. Foi realizado um estudo sobre os determinantes de performance de fundos de investimento a partir de uma amostra de 2.223 fundos de ações, com dados no período entre 2008 e 2015, em frequência anual. Esses fundos seguem mandatos de investimentos focados exclusivamente em cinco blocos regionais: Estados Unidos, Europa, Japão, Ásia Pacífico ex-Japão e Brasil. Coletou-se dados relacionados às características dos fundos, ao desenvolvimento econômico-financeiro e do mercado de ações dessas regiões e características das respectivas indústrias de fundos. A partir desses dados, foi realizada uma análise de dados em painel com a geração de valor dos fundos de investimento, 'alfa', como variável explicada e as variáveis citadas anteriormente como variáveis explicativas. Conclui-se que os investidores devem focar seus esforços em busca de bons gestores ativos em regiões onde o acesso a informação seja bem difundido, o mercado de ações bem desenvolvido, seja por ter uma relevante participação na economia ou por negociar altos volumes de ações, tenha uma indústria de fundos menor e com baixa participação da gestão passiva. Já em relação às características de fundos, fundos maiores e que estejam recebendo fluxo de investimentos positivo devem ter a preferência dos investidores.

[pt] Esse trabalho investiga o comportamento dos investidores na seleção de fundos de investimento em ações. A base analisada é formada pelos fundos de ações disponíveis no mercado brasileiro entre 2005 e 2018. Nesse período, há uma expansão do mercado, medido tanto em termos do patrimônio total sob gestão quanto em termos de fundos disponíveis, acompanhada por uma redução gradual das taxas de administração médias praticadas. Em linha com a literatura existente, os dados sugerem que os fluxos de captação dos fundos são sensíve à performance passada. Os dados sugerem também que a captação dos fundos geridos por empresas que atuam exclusivamente na atividade de gestão de fundos é inferior à de fundos geridos por instituições financeiras que atuam também em outras atividades financeiras. / [en] This dissertation investigates the behavior of investors when selecting equity mutual funds. The database is comprised of available equity mutual funds in the Brazilian market between 2005 and 2018. During this period, there was a market expansion, measured in terms of total assets under management as well as number of available funds, as well as a gradual decrease in average fees. In agreement with existing literature, the data suggests that inflows are correlated with past performance. The data also suggests that inflows into funds managed by firms that offer fund management services only is lower than inflows into funds managed by firms that offer a broader array of financial services.

This article analyzes and compares an overview of the structure and evolution of the international and domestic mutual fund industry for the 2005–2014 period. The aim of this analysis is to identify opportunities for growth and development of the domestic mutual fund industry, in particular, passive management used by index equity funds. / Este artículo analiza y compara, de manera general, la estructura y evolución anual de la industria de fondos mutuos internacional y doméstica durante el período 2005-2014. El objetivo de este análisis es identificar las oportunidades de crecimiento y desarrollo del segmento de renta variable de la industria de fondos mutuos doméstica tomando como referencia el estilo de administración pasiva de las inversiones utilizado por los fondos mutuos indexados de renta variable. / Este artigo analisa e compara, em geral, a estrutura e a evolução da indústria internacional e nacional de fundos mútuos anuais ao longo do período 2005-2014. O objetivo desta análise é identificar oportunidades de crescimento e desenvolvimento dos fundos mútuos de ações na indústria nacional em função dos fundos de índice com gestão passiva de investimentos.