Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4183.pdf: 4412160 bytes, checksum: b08268596ebeef7fea66e6662f898f32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / The solidarity economy is a way of economic organization and social practice relatively recent. The universities incubators, when working with the population that is most affected by the ills of an unequal society, contribute on a well known way of solidarity economy initiatives, the popular cooperatives. These incubators, for being part of a line of university extension, share knowledge between the academy and the popular sectors and, for this to be socialized on a uniform way for the incubated groups, must be disseminated, managed and shared within the technical crew of these incubators. Given the importance of creation, usage and sharing of knowledge generated by technological incubators of solidarity economy entrepreneurship located in Brazilian universities, this paper aimed to systematize and analyze the knowledge conversion in a university incubator of solidarity economy entrepreneurship. The process of knowledge conversion has been studied within the Regional Incubator of Popular Cooperatives of the Federal University of São Carlos and for its development, as well as an extensive literature review, theses and dissertations database consultation, query and analysis of documents from this incubator, interviews have been realized in order to characterize the knowledge conversions identified in the activities of the executive coordinators of the incubator, using the model of knowledge conversion proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (socialization, externalization, combination and internalization). The result of this study of case allowed to identify that the way of organization of those incubators allows and incentives the creation and sharing of knowledge, considering the self-managed format, the values of solidarity economy and the characteristics present in this kind of organization, provide a greater democratization of the knowledge produced, contributing to the conversion of knowledge. On the other hand, due to their different characteristics from other types of organization, it becomes necessary the use of appropriate ways that ensure that the produced knowledge is stored, aiming it sharing as: an easier access to documents and the produced knowledge; create mechanisms to store published works in the repositories and to enhance the internalization of the full reports. / A economia solidária é uma forma de organização econômica e de prática social relativamente recente. As incubadoras universitárias, ao atuarem com a população mais atingida pelas mazelas da sociedade desigual, contribuem com uma das formas mais conhecidas de iniciativas de economia solidária, as cooperativas populares. Estas incubadoras, por fazerem parte de uma linha de extensão universitária, trocam conhecimentos entre a academia e os setores populares e, para estes serem socializados de maneira uniforme para os grupos incubados, devem ser disseminados, geridos e compartilhados no âmbito das equipes técnicas destas incubadoras. Dada a importância da criação, utilização e compartilhamento do conhecimento gerado pelas incubadoras tecnológicas de empreendimentos de economia solidária presentes em universidades brasileiras, esta dissertação teve como objetivo sistematizar e analisar as conversões do conhecimento em uma incubadora universitária de empreendimentos de economia solidária. O processo de conversão do conhecimento foi estudado no âmbito da Incubadora Regional de Cooperativas Populares da Universidade Federal de São Carlos e para seu desenvolvimento, além de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, consulta a banco de teses e dissertações e análise de documentos desta incubadora, foi realizada entrevistas para caracterizar as conversões do conhecimento identificadas nas atividades dos coordenadores executivos da incubadora, utilizando o modelo de conversão do conhecimento proposta por Nonaka e Takeuchi (socialização, externalização, combinação e internalização). O resultado deste estudo de caso permitiu identicar, que a forma de organização destas incubadoras propicia e incentiva a criação e o compartilhamento do conhecimento, sendo que o formato autogestionário, os valores da economia solidária e as características presentes neste tipo de organização, proporcionam uma maior democratização do conhecimento produzido, colaborando para a conversão do conhecimento. Por outro lado em função de suas características distintas dos demais tipos de organização, torna-se necessária a utilização de formas adequadas que garantam que o conhecimento produzido seja armazenado, objetivando seu compartilhamento como: facilitar o acesso a documentos e ao conhecimento produzido; criar mecanismos para que os trabalhos publicados fiquem depositados nos repositórios e aprimorar a internalização dos relatórios completos.

A inovação tornou-se uma das principais fontes de vantagem competitiva diante da concorrência, identificada como a transformação do conhecimento da empresa em novos produtos e processos. Ressalva-se que as organizações, que gerenciam seus conhecimentos e conseguem combiná-los e compartilhá-los entre os seus colaboradores, adquirem benefícios, como aumento da competitividade; auxílio na tomada de decisão; melhoria no atendimento das expectativas dos clientes e melhoria da eficiência nas operações. Com base na revisão da literatura sobre os temas de conhecimento e inovação tecnológica e desempenho em periódicos de impacto, conforme o Scopus, foi definido o objetivo geral desta tese, ou seja, avaliar se a inovação tecnológica é uma variável mediadora entre a capacidade de conversão do conhecimento e o desempenho das Instituições de Ensino Superior do Sul do Brasil. A pesquisa foi quantitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo e com levantamento do tipo survey, com um corte transversal. A população foi formada por professores pertencentes ao quadro permanente dos PPGs das IES do Sul do Brasil. A amostragem foi probabilística de dois estágios. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de um questionário disponibilizado eletronicamente via o Google Doc’s®. Os resultados obtidos sustentaram as hipóteses formuladas para esta tese. Pode-se verificar que as dimensões da conversão do conhecimento têm impacto positivo na inovação tecnológica. Assim, como constatou-se que a capacidade de conversão do conhecimento se relaciona positivamente com as inovações tecnológicas. Também pode ser averiguado que as inovações tecnológicas se relacionam positivamente com o desempenho das IES. Destaca-se a relação positiva entre a capacidade de conversão do conhecimento e o desempenho das IES. Importante destacar o achado desta tese relacionado à divisão do construto desempenho, em intelectual e tecnológico. Por fim, foi elaborado o modelo teórico completo incluindo variáveis de controle. Para estudos futuros, sugere-se a aplicação do instrumento de pesquisa validado, em outras Instituições de Ensino Superior do País. Sugere-se também analisar as barreiras e facilitadores da conversão do conhecimento em relação às inovações e transferências tecnológicas, comparando os antecedentes, consequências, mediadores e moderadores da inovação e desempenho. Por fim, recomenda-se realizar estudos longitudinais que permitam examinar as variáveis de controle para todas as Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras e a evolução dos PPG’s desde o início do seu funcionamento. / Innovation has become a major source of competitive advantage in the face of competition, identified as the transformation of enterprise knowledge into new products and processes. Caveat-if organizations that manage their knowledge and can combine them and share them among your employees, acquire benefits such as increased competitiveness; aid in decisionmaking; improvement in meeting the expectations of customers and improved efficiency in operations. Based on the review of the literature on the topics of knowledge and technological innovation and performance in impact journals, according to Scopus, was defined the general objective of this thesis, i.e. assess whether technological innovation is a mediator variable between the ability of converting knowledge and performance of higher education institutions in the South of Brazil. The survey was quantitative, exploratory and descriptive character and with lifting of the survey type, with a cross-section. The population was formed by teachers belonging to the permanent staff of the IES South – Brazil. The two-stage sampling was probabilistic. The data were collected through a questionnaire available electronically via Google Doc's ®. The results supported the hypotheses formulated for this thesis. You can check that the dimensions of conversion of knowledge have positive impact on technological innovation. So, as it was found that the capacity of knowledge conversion relates positively to technological innovations. Can also be verified that the technological innovations relate positively with the performance of institutions of higher education. Highlight the positive relationship between the ability of converting knowledge and the performance of institutions of higher education. Important to highlight the findings of this thesis related to Division of performance construct, in technological and intellectual. Finally, the complete theoretical model including control variables. For future studies, it is suggested the application of validated research instrument, in other universities in the country. It is suggested to also analyze the barriers and facilitators of knowledge translation in relation to innovations and technological transfers, comparing the antecedents, consequences, mediators and moderators of innovation and performance. Finally, it is recommended to carry out longitudinal studies that examine the control variables for all Brazilian universities and the evolution of PPG's since the beginning of its functioning.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giancarlos Ricciardi.pdf: 995603 bytes, checksum: 7d2b63ee97db43e1a9e5d4fb76541d66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-14 / This study reviewed the existence of a sustainable competitive advantage, by the Resource-Based View (RBV) perspective, based on knowledge management, precisely knowledge conversion methods defined under Nonaka and Takeuchi s SECI model (2004). Theoretical basis points SECI model as a vector for sustainable competitive advantage by RBV perspective, once companies obtain new knowledge applied on decision making process through the use thereof (CHOO, 2003). Therefore, through field research, this paper purpose aimed to identify the convergence between theoretical statements and managers vision concerning sustainable competitive advantages arising from the SECI model knowledge conversion. Based on statistical analysis of data gathered in 200 questionnaires, it has been concluded that the manager s vision is divergent from the conceptual indicators that qualify SECI model as vector for the sustainable competitive advantage under RBV perspective. Consequently, it has been identified that SECI model can, if so, be qualified as a source of competitive advantage, although not sustainable, thus characterizing a clear contradiction regarding the theories on such matter. The study represents an important finding that must be targeted for a deeper analysis in order to clarify such contradiction, and for better understanding its origins and implications. / O presente estudo analisou a existência de vantagem competitiva sustentável na perspectiva da Resource-Based View (RBV), tomando como base a gestão do conhecimento, mais precisamente os métodos de conversão do conhecimento definidos pelo modelo SECI de Nonaka e Takeuchi (2004). O embasamento teórico apresentado aponta o modelo SECI como vetor para a obtenção de vantagem competitiva sustentável na perspectiva da RBV já que, por meio deste, as empresas obtêm novos conhecimentos que serão aplicados no processo de tomada de decisão (CHOO, 2003). Desta forma, por meio de estudo de campo, este trabalho objetivou identificar a convergência da visão de gestores sobre a vantagem competitiva sustentável originada a partir do modelo SECI e do postulado teórico sobre o tema. Pela análise estatística de dados coletados por 200 questionários, concluiu-se que a visão do gestor é divergente dos indicadores conceituais que qualificam o modelo SECI como vetor de vantagem competitiva sustentável na perspectiva da RBV. Em decorrência da análise realizada, identificou-se que o modelo SECI pode, se tanto, ser qualificado como fonte de vantagem competitiva, porém não sustentável, caracterizando clara contradição em relação às teorias sobre o tema. O estudo representa importante conclusão que deve ser alvo de análises mais aprofundadas que objetivem o esclarecimento da contradição estabelecida e para que se obtenha melhor compreensão a respeito de suas origens e implicações.

Theoretical part: Basic terms of knowledge management, knowledge worker, knowledge creation and conversion process, prerequisites and benefits of knowledge management. Knowledge management and it's connection to organizational culture and structure, result measurements of knowledge management, learning organization and it's connection to knowledge management. Tacit knowledge management tools -- stories -- types, how to create, practical use, communities, coaching. Value Based Organization. Practical part: Characteristics of organization, value based organization in reality, classification of stories from organization, organizational values, stories in detail, stories in customer care, stories in back line departments. Propsal on improvement of tacit knowledge management in organization -- employee training, mutual inspiration, front line department visits, modifications of organizational values.

Étude de cas comparative portant sur l'évolution de la chaîne de valeur aéronautique du grand Montréal. L'objet d'étude est le développement des capacités organisationnelles des firmes sous-traitantes grâce à des mises à niveau de leurs systèmes de production. Ces mises à niveau sont considérées s'inscrire dans un cadre stratégique en lien avec le positionnement de marché visé et générer des opportunités de formation et apprentissage. Un processus d'apprentissage commun aux firmes est relevé et présente des activités de conversion de savoir centrales au développement des compétences. Les analyses indiquent que des mises à niveau de fonction sont à favoriser pour élargir les capacités organisationnelles et l'offre de services correspondante de ces firmes jusqu’à l’atteinte du rang d’intégrateur. Le paradigme des chaînes de valeur et l’approche basée sur les ressources et l’apprentissage issu de la gestion stratégique sont agencés en continuum pour l’analyse des phénomènes. / Comparative case study on the evolution of the greater Montreal’s aeronautic value chain. The object of inquiry is the development of organizational capabilities by outsourcing firms with the help of upgrades on their production systems. These upgrades are considered within a strategic framework in regard to the desired market position and as generating learning and training opportunities. A common learning process among these firms is drawn and shows knowledge conversion activities central to skills development. Analyses indicate that functional upgrades are to favor in order to widen organizational capabilities and the corresponding services offer of these firms to the point of reaching the level of integrator. The value chain paradigm and the resource-based and learning view from strategic management were put together forming a continuum to better assess the phenomenons.

Rapid change is a defining characteristic of our modern society. This has huge impact on society, governments, and businesses. Businesses are forced to fundamentally transform themselves to survive in a challenging economy. Transformation implies change in the way business is conducted, in the way people perform their contribution to the organisation, and in the way the organisation perceives and manages its vital assets – which increasingly are built around the key assets of intellectual capital and knowledge. The latest management tool and realisation of how to respond to the challenges of the economy in the new millennium, is the idea of "knowledge management" (KM). In this study we have focused on synthesising the many confusing points of view about the subject area, such as: <ul><li> a. different focus points or perspectives; </li><li> b. different definitions and positioning of the subject; as well as</li><li> c. a bewildering number of definitions of what knowledge is and what KM entails.</li></ul> There exists a too blurred distinction in popular-magazine-like sources about this area between subjects and concepts such as: knowledge versus information versus data; the difference between information management and knowledge management; tools available to tackle the issues in this field of study and practice; and the role technology plays versus the huge hype from some journalists and within the vendor community. Today there appears to be a lack of a coherent set of frameworks to abstract, comprehend, and explain this subject area; let alone to build successful systems and technologies with which to apply KM. The study is comprised of two major parts:<ul><li> 1. In the first part the study investigates the concepts, elements, drivers, and challenges related to KM. A set of models for comprehending these issues and notions is contributed as we considered intellectual capital, organizational learning, communities of practice, and best practices. </li><li> 2. The second part focuses on the technology perspective of KM. Although KM is primarily concerned with non-technical issues this study concentrates on the technical issues and challenges. A new technology framework for KM is proposed to position and relate the different KM technologies as well as the two key applications of KM, namely knowledge portals and knowledge discovery (including text mining). </li></ul> It is concluded that KM and related concepts and notions need to be understood firmly as well as effectively positioned and employed to support the modern business organisation in its quest to survive and grow. The main thesis is that KM technology is a necessary but insufficient prerequisite and a key enabler for successful KM in a rapidly changing business environment. / Thesis (PhD (Computer Science))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Computer Science / unrestricted