La situation industrielle actuelle, hautement concurrentielle, impose aux entreprises d’innover afin de pérenniser leur activité. Cette innovation peut se faire par le développement de produits intégrant de nouvelles disciplines, telles que l’ergonomie ou le design industriel, dans le cadre d’une conception multidisciplinaire.Cependant, les métiers associés à ces nouvelles disciplines sont régulièrement confrontés à des coopérations complexes avec d’autres faisant partie des métiers de la conception mécanique. Dans ce contexte, la problématique de recherche traitée concerne la définition et le développement d’une approche méthodologique multidisciplinaire du processus de conception de produits. Sont étudiées en particulier les articulations entre les métiers que sont l’ergonomie, le design industriel et la conception mécanique.Une méthodologie globale de conception multidisciplinaire, intégrant les spécificités de chacun des métiers ainsi que leurs interactions, est proposée. Elle est mise à l’épreuve dans le cadre d’expérimentations conduites sur des projets de conception de mobilier urbain. Une étude plus poussée des formalisations utilisées par chaque métier, ainsi que des interactions observées durant les projets, ont mis en évidence des problèmes liés aux phases de convergence.Sur ce constat, de nouveaux outils d’aide à la convergence basés en particulier sur les technologies de Réalité Virtuelle (RV) sont proposés pour une meilleure gestion de ces phases qui mettent en jeu des métiers différents. Deux expérimentations, conduites sur un projet de conception d’un véhicule urbain, et sur un poste de travail, ont permis de mettre en situation concrète les outils développés et de démontrer leur pertinence en phase de convergence multidisciplinaire. Cependant, les résultats ont aussi montré la nécessité de structurer les phases de convergences dans le cadre d’une méthodologie spécifique.Une formalisation de méthodologie de convergence multidisciplinaire est finalement proposée. Elle se traduit par une procédure générique de convergence, adaptée aux disciplines d’ergonomie, design industriel et conception mécanique. Elle permet de travailler selon les différentes phases du processus, les différents métiers concernés et les différents contextes de conception. Nous introduisons enfin une cartographie des outils d’aide à la convergence, classée selon une typologie adaptée. Ainsi, notre contribution permet aux équipes de conception de disposer de nouvelles solutions appropriées dans le but de favoriser les phases de convergences multidisciplinaires. / The current industrial situation, highly competitive, requires companies to innovate in order to sustain their business. This innovation can be achieved through the development of products incorporating new disciplines such as ergonomics and industrial design, as part of a multidisciplinaire.Cependant design trades associated with these new disciplines are regularly faced with complex cooperation with other part of the business of mechanical design. In this context, the research problem addressed concerns the definition and development of an interdisciplinary methodological approach in the design process of products. Are studied in particular the links between trades that are ergonomics, industrial design and design mécanique.Une global multidisciplinary design methodology, including the specifics of each business and their interactions is proposed. It is tested in the context of experiments conducted on design projects of urban furniture. Further formalizations used by each business study, as well as interactions observed during projects have highlighted issues stages convergence.Sur this, new tools to help convergence based in particular on Virtual Reality technology (VR) are provided for a better management of these phases involve different professions. Two experiments, conducted on a project to design a city car and a job, helped set concrete situation developed tools and demonstrate their relevance in the process of multidisciplinary convergence. However, the results also showed the need to structure the phases of convergence in the framework of a methodology spécifique.Une formalized multidisciplinary methodology convergence is finally proposed. It results in a generic convergence procedure, adapted to the disciplines ergonomics, industrial design and mechanical design. It can work in the different phases of the process, the various trades involved and the different design contexts. We introduce a mapping aids to convergence, classified according to an appropriate type. Thus, our contribution allows design teams have appropriate new solutions in order to promote the phases of multidisciplinary convergence.

<p>Windy Scandinavia is the manufacturer of the luxury yacht Windy 52 Xanthos. There is a storage application in the aft sofa on the boat that doesn’t live up to the standard and functionality level that Windy represents. This report describes the mechanical design process of this storage application, which currently has bad functionality and is expensive for Windy in production.</p><p>The aim of the project was to develop the existing storage application to a low cost application. Simple and effective for Windy to produce and assemble, with the directives of access to the front or from above to the sofa.</p><p>A feasibility study of the existing application was made to get a picture of disadvantages and advantages to keep for further concepts.</p><p>The concept development included three steps; each step implied further development in level of detail. Starting with a range of concepts covering all different possibilities of access to the storage space, and ending up with a couple of concepts developed in detail with costs and knowledge of productions methods.</p><p>The result became a standard application; a hatch with gas dampers. The reasons why this became the result was because of the low cost, simplicity and functionality. Small modifications of existing moulds and no new components or production methods needed.</p><p>Conclusion of the result is that it fulfils the requirement specification and thereby is a proper result. The conceptual design phase generated many different concepts, from these concepts a result satisfying the requirements emerged.</p>

Windy Scandinavia is the manufacturer of the luxury yacht Windy 52 Xanthos. There is a storage application in the aft sofa on the boat that doesn’t live up to the standard and functionality level that Windy represents. This report describes the mechanical design process of this storage application, which currently has bad functionality and is expensive for Windy in production. The aim of the project was to develop the existing storage application to a low cost application. Simple and effective for Windy to produce and assemble, with the directives of access to the front or from above to the sofa. A feasibility study of the existing application was made to get a picture of disadvantages and advantages to keep for further concepts. The concept development included three steps; each step implied further development in level of detail. Starting with a range of concepts covering all different possibilities of access to the storage space, and ending up with a couple of concepts developed in detail with costs and knowledge of productions methods. The result became a standard application; a hatch with gas dampers. The reasons why this became the result was because of the low cost, simplicity and functionality. Small modifications of existing moulds and no new components or production methods needed. Conclusion of the result is that it fulfils the requirement specification and thereby is a proper result. The conceptual design phase generated many different concepts, from these concepts a result satisfying the requirements emerged.

Dental implant is an artificial dental root that is used to construct dental restorations, similar to the original teeth, in order to regain the function of missing teeth of patients experiencing tooth loss. At the interface between the jawbone and the roots of natural teeth, a thin, elastic, shock absorbing tissue, called the periodontal ligament (PDL), forms a cushion which provides certain mobility to the natural teeth. The restorations supported by dental implants, however, involve completely rigid structures. This causes overloading of the implant while bearing functional loading together with neighboring natural teeth, which leads to high local stresses within the implant system and in the jawbone. The aim of this thesis study was to develop a novel dental implant model involving resilient components in the upper structure (abutment) in order to mimic the mechanical behavior of the PDL. Within the scope of the study, a complete mechanical design of a new dental implant model was made. The proposed model was optimized based on the design objectives by using Finite Element Method. The optimal design was verified to overcome the problem of loosening of the abutment screw (a common complication in previous designs), yield very similar axial mobility behavior as that of a natural tooth and withstand biomechanical loads without failure. In addition, as a support of a dental bridge in combination with a natural tooth, the proposed design was demonstrated to provide uniform load sharing with the natural tooth and substantially reduced magnitude of peak stresses within the construction, compared to a rigid counterpart.

O presente trabalho trata do projeto e da fabricação de uma mini máquina para usinagem de esferas cerâmicas verdes. Esferas de cerâmicas avançadas encontram grande aplicação em componentes de alta precisão como rolamentos híbridos ou como a cabeça de próteses de quadril. A grande demanda pelas esferas de cerâmicas avançadas nesses componentes se deve à combinação única de suas propriedades tais como: alta estabilidade dimensional, alta dureza, baixo coeficiente de expansão térmica, biocompatibilidade (bioinerte) e alta resistência mecânica à compressão. No entanto o alto desempenho só será alcançado se as esferas tiverem tolerâncias estreitas (dimensão e forma) e acabamento superficial ultrafino. Esse trabalho objetiva o projeto e a fabricação de um protótipo de mini máquina para usinagem de esferas cerâmicas prensadas de até 30 mm de diâmetro. O desenvolvimento do projeto foi dirigido por uma metodologia de projeto mecânico e após definição do conceito foi gerado um pré-projeto virtual seguido da fabricação de um protótipo, o conceito é composto por três rebolos, sendo dois de arraste que, tendo velocidades e direções de giro variáveis, promovem a variação do eixo de giro das esferas, parâmetro necessário para atingir baixo desvio de esfericidade. Blanks esféricos em zircônia foram conformados por prensagem isostática e usinados no protótipo construído. As esferas passaram pela caracterização metrológica através da medição de esfericidade, circularidade e acabamento superficial. / This work deals with the design and manufacturing of a mini machine for grinding of green ceramic balls. Balls of advanced ceramics find wide application in high-precision components such as hybrid bearings or as bearings of hip prostheses. The large demand for advanced ceramic balls in these components is due to their unique combination of properties such as high dimensional stability, high hardness, low coefficient of thermal expansion, biocompatibility (bio inert) and high compressive strength. However the high performance can only be achieved if the balls have narrow tolerances (size and shape) and ultra-fine surface finish. This work aims to design and manufacture a mini prototype machine to obtain a green ceramic balls up to 30 mm in diameter. The project development was driven by a mechanical design methodology and after the concept generation a virtual pre-design has been generated followed by manufacturing a prototype, the initial concept is composed of three wheels, two of drag that having variables turning speeds and directions, promote a random orbital effect in the balls necessary to reduce the sphericity error. Spherical zirconia blanks were shaped by isostatic pressing and machined in the built prototype. The balls were characterized by measuring sphericity error and surface roughness.

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Possible modern application of piston steam engine is electricity production using steam made by solar energy. This diploma thesis focuses on designing such piston steam engine Described solution would be effective as an off grid electricity generator, because alternative source of steam could be added for occasions, when sunlight is not powerfull enough for steam production.

For Raman spectroscopy is a need to introduce a laser light into an optic fiber and analyze a collected light at the same time. Therefore it was proposed a specialized optical system. This system can also be used to measure other spectroscopy methods such as photoluminescence. In the theoretical part of this theses, was discussed both mentioned methods and their instrumentations. In addition to the Raman spectroscopy, was also shown some special cases of Raman spectroscopy for enhanced measurement of Raman scattering. The problem of weak signal detection and its reading is also discussed in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the practical part of this thesis was discussed the mechanical design of the optical system and the choice of optical elements that are used in the system. Next, is introduced the manufactured system, which design is based on the parameters of the chosen optical elements. The practical part of the thesis ends with an assembly and testing of the proposed system.

The continuously increasing demand of the customer requires equivalent response from the industry. This phenomenon of lean supply chain has also been seen in the paper and textile industries. TEXO AB produces customized weaving looms for the paper and textile industries. As every machine is redesigned to the customer requirements, TEXO needed to make the process efficient and effective. Once again the application of new computing technologies comes in handy. The practice of parametric design is applied to the TEXO’s FSX concept, which is one of the three weaving loom machine series supplied by TEXO. The frequent customization of FSX concept for each customer has created the need for faster redesign, better communication and quick order to suppliers. The automation is done on Autodesk Inventor using its iLogic and Shrinkwrap features. The parametric model is complete where all components to be customized are included. An excel sheet with design calculations, parameters and possible machine modules is developed together with the model. The feasibility of the automated design has been shown by the complete conformance of the model to the requirement. The excel sheet is very useful for improving the internal and external communications. After the completion of this project the redesign time is significantly reduced and the communication is simplified. It is also now possible to identify customization and module opportunities for future machines.

As a large generation ages, the collective financial and ethical responsibility to prevent egregious bodily harm through fall prevention and gait assistant exoskeleton devices increases. Risk for falls increases with age and the severity of the fall does as well. To support this elderly population, motorized exoskeletons can both increase stability as well as respond faster to fall scenarios, but current models do not more around the existing biological framework. Giving participants a range of motion in key pelvic areas can closely approximate synchronous rotation around the femoral head, while limiting an increase in their sagittal profile. Utilizing 3D printed components while incorporating existing orthic methods provide short production times on modular designs. Although primarily mechanically based, these designs consider electronic requirements and are capable for supporting movement for a 200 lbs. user at a brisk walking pace for 1 hour.