Media literacy scholars have to a great extent ignored the assessment of media literacy outcomes and associated challenges. Martens (2010) states that evaluating and explaining the effectiveness of media literacy education is one of the most overwhelming challenges for current research in the field. Buckingham and Domaille (2009) claim that the lack of structured assessment procedures likely contributed to the lack of status of media literacy education. The purpose of this mixed methods study (exploratory sequential design) was therefore to explore the views of media literacy scholars and professionals on media literacy assessment through qualitative interviews (N = 10) with the intent of using this information to develop a quantitative survey to validate and extend the qualitative findings with a larger sample of media literacy professionals and scholars from all around the world (N = 171). The study provides an overview of goals and outcomes of media literacy education. In addition, it provides information about the extent to which outcomes are specified and by whom these outcomes are specified. The study also offers a comprehensive overview of assessment methods that were used by participants of the study, the role that media literacy plays in their work, and the entities which developed these assessment methods. It provides further detail about the extent to which the learning process and product are assessed, the importance of context in assessment, approaches that are used to evaluate and interpret students' work, and factors that influence the way participants assess media literacy. The study also offers an overview of assessment challenges that were encountered by participants and the extent to which these are considered challenges for the field. In addition, for each of the assessment methods that were used by participants, a distinct set of challenges is identified. An account of the extent that respondents felt constrained by any outside regulations or mandates is provided as well, along with a description of how they would assess media literacy void of these constraints. Finally, methods to overcome media literacy challenges are presented, along with recommendations to improve the effectiveness of media literacy assessment. / Ph. D.

Questa tesi analizza le relazioni tra informazione e formazione degli adolescenti. la prima parte descrive il sistema dell'informazione e i suoi meccanismi nell'età tardo. moderna; offre una definizione dell'adolescenza, soprattutto rispetto ai processi di costruzione della cittadinanza . Si presenta, infine, lo stato della ricerca empirica sul tema in oggetto. La seconda sezione si occupa dei modelli pedagogici e delle metodologie didattiche per l'educazione alla/con l'informazione presentando, infine, recenti esperienze realizzate in Italia e in Germania. / This dissertation analyses the relationship among news, teenagers and education. The first part describes how the information-system works in the late-modern age; it draws a picture of the today's teenagers-generation and the making of citizens processes. Finally it gives an overview of the empirical research concerning teens and news. The second part suggests pedagogical models and methods to introduce news in (civic) education, concluding with recent didactical experiences in Italy and Germany.

Interactive Digital Storytelling (IDS) constitutes a research field that emerged from several areas of art, creation and computer science. It inquires technologies and possible artefacts that allow ‘highly-interactive’ experiences of digital worlds with compelling stories. However, the situation for story creators approaching ‘highly-interactive’ storytelling is complex. There is a gap between the available technology, which requires programming and prior knowledge in Artificial Intelligence, and established models of storytelling, which are too linear to have the potential to be highly interactive. This thesis reports on research that lays the ground for bridging this gap, leading to novel creation philosophies in future work. A design research process has been pursued, which centred on the suggestion of conceptual models, explaining a) process structures of interdisciplinary development, b) interactive story structures including the user of the interactive story system, and c) the positioning of human authors within semi-automated creative processes. By means of ‘implicit creation’, storytelling and modelling of simulated worlds are reconciled. The conceptual models are informed by exhaustive literature review in established neighbouring disciplines. These are a) creative principles in different storytelling domains, such as screenwriting, video game writing, role playing and improvisational theatre, b) narratological studies of story grammars and structures, and c) principles of designing interactive systems, in the areas of basic HCI design and models, discourse analysis in conversational systems, as well as game- and simulation design. In a case study of artefact building, the initial models have been put into practice, evaluated and extended. These artefacts are a) a conceived authoring tool (‘Scenejo’) for the creation of digital conversational stories, and b) the development of a serious game (‘The Killer Phrase Game’) as an application development. The study demonstrates how starting out from linear storytelling, iterative steps of ‘implicit creation’ can lead to more variability and interactivity in the designed interactive story. In the concrete case, the steps included abstraction of dialogues into conditional actions, and creating a dynamic world model of the conversation. This process and artefact can be used as a model illustrating non-programmer approaches to ‘implicit creation’ in a learning process. Research demonstrates that the field of Interactive Digital Storytelling still has to be further advanced until general creative principles can be fully established, which is a long-term endeavour, dependent upon environmental factors. It also requires further technological developments. The gap is not yet closed, but it can be better explained. The research results build groundwork for education of prospective authors. Concluding the thesis, IDS-specific creative principles have been proposed for evaluation in future work.

Orientador: Claudia Maria de Lima / Resumo: A presente pesquisa de mestrado, vinculada à linha “Processos formativos, ensino e aprendizagem”, tem como objetivo geral investigar e analisar as potencialidades e os desafios de uma proposta formativa em mídia-educação para estudantes de licenciatura. O estudo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, seu caráter é descritivo-explicativo, com delineamento metodológico do tipo pesquisa-intervenção. A investigação se justifica à medida que busca contribuir para o processo de apropriação crítica, criativa, autônoma e reflexiva dos licenciandos em relação às mídias e porque pretende ampliar o debate sobre a necessidade da presença da mídia-educação no contexto da formação superior, sobretudo, nos cursos de licenciatura. Com as novas demandas sociais, em tempos de cultura digital, entendemos que a postura mídia-educativa deve ser pensada como um propósito de todos os educadores. Desse modo, a pesquisa contou com duas etapas de coleta de dados. A primeira foi constituída pela aplicação de um questionário visando compreender o perfil do público-alvo e os seus conhecimentos sobre a mídia. Em um segundo momento, nos dedicamos à proposta formativa, a partir dos pressupostos da mídia-educação, que compreende um trabalho de educação para os meios, com os meios e através deles. As fases de análise, interpretação e triangulação dos dados coletados foram orientadas pelo referencial teórico e metodológico da análise de conteúdo. Entre os resultados da pesquisa, destacamos que a proposta formati... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present research from this Master Degree, attached to the line “Formative processes, teaching and learning”, has as a general objective to investigate and analyze the potentialities and the challenges from a formative proposition.ruled by the media education, on a licentiate course. This study presents a qualitative approach, its character is descriptive-explanatory, with methodological outline having as a kind intervention research. The investigation justifies itself as long as it searches to contribute to the critic appropriation process, creative, autonomous and reflexive from the licentiate students related to the medias and because it intends to enhance the debate about the necessity of the presence of the media education in the context of the degree formation, specially related to the licentiate courses. With the new social demands, at the digital culture time, it is understood that the posture media education must be thought as a purpose of all educators. Like this, the research had two stages related to data collect. The first was built by the application of a questionnaire for our understanding of the public target profile and about their knowledge about the media. On a second moment, we dedicated the formative proposition, having as a beginning the assumption from the media education, that contains a education work to the ways, with the ways and through the ways. The analyses phases, interpretation, triangulation from the collected data were oriented by the theo... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The media play an indisputable role in human life. Thus, we come across media communication daily in today's world. Online social networks have had a significant role in such communication over the past decade. The Facebook social network presents an example of such a phenomenon, which does not have a rival in terms of its size in the Czech Republic. It has rapidly become a communication media through which millions of people around the world consume various content. In recent years, this platform has been applying and continually adjusting its algorithm to provide users with personalized content. The personalized content is provided on the basis of the algorithm which evaluates what might be appropriate or interesting for people. From this point of view, this thesis called Filter bubbles on Facebook social network is examining the existence of a so-called filter bubble phenomenon. The information bubbles present information isolation in which people lack a diversity of information which would help people to get into an opinion diversification, and therefore to have an opportunity to have a new point of view about a certain phenomenon. Through the combined qualitative method of diaries and subsequent interviews, it explores how young people consume news content on this social network and, above...

A pesquisa estuda a condição de convergência entre modalidades de comunicação e modalidades de aprendizagem em intervenções de caráter educomunicativo, considerando os fatores de tangibilidade e possíveis indicadores para seus modelos de gestão em perspectiva de escala - típicas das novas ambiências sociais de comunicação e educação. A partir da hipótese central da relação de contiguidade sistêmica entre processos de comunicação e de aprendizagem, trabalhada em perspectiva sociointeracionista, o estudo abrange os aspectos de cientificidade e a fundamentação teórica e epistemológica da abordagem educomunicativa. Este procedimento levou à proposição de um modelo metodológico de gestão de base sistêmica para a Educomunicação. E resultou na elaboração de um experimento metodológico, incorporando princípios e conceitos próprios da Educomunicação. O experimento foi aplicado em uma rede social digital projetada para a formação de professores do ensino público, especificamente sobre as ações de formação de agentes mediadores. Seu desenho apontou a resolução de alguns dos complexos problemas de gestão educativa do desenvolvimento de capacidades comunicativas e, ao mesmo tempo, forneceu subsídios substanciais para a verificação do sistema teórico de hipóteses. / This research studies the condition of convergence between communication modalities and learning modalities in Educommunication actions, considering the tangibility factors and possible metrics for its management in scale perspective - as typical in new communication and education social environment. Considering the central hypothesis of the systemic contiguity between the communication and learning processes, and working with the social-interactionism perspective, the study covers the scientificity and the theoretical and epistemological fundamentals of Educommunication approach. This procedure led to a proposal for a systemic based methodological model for management in that new area. The result was the design of a methodological experiment including the educommunicational principles and concepts. The experiment was applied to a digital social network designed to public teachers training, focusing specifically on the training actions to certificate mediating agents. Its design has shown some solutions to the complex problems involved in the management of development of communication skills, meanwhile offerered substancial subsidies in order to verify the theoretical hypothetic system.

Há algumas décadas, estudos vêm sendo desenvolvidos com o intuito de analisar o impacto da mídia, e da publicidade, no desenvolvimento infantil. Entre os alertas sobre o desaparecimento da infância e a euforia provocada pelas possibilidades das novas tecnologias, os Estudos Culturais propõem a discussão do tema sob a ótica de questões como cultura, identidade e poder. Nesse sentido, este trabalho pretende colaborar com o debate ao revisar a bibliografia e observar empiricamente a relação criança, escola e mídia segundo métodos pedagógicos específicos (pedagogia Waldorf, mídia-educação e uso das TICs - Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação - em sala de aula). Os resultados desta investigação refutaram a hipótese inicial de que uma pedagogia que evite ao máximo o contato com os meios eletrônicos pudesse resultar em crianças com um menor consumo de mídia. / For some decades, studies have been developed in order to analyze the impact of media and advertising in child development. Among the warnings about the disappearance of childhood and the euphoria caused by the possibilities of new technologies, the Cultural Studies propose to discuss the topic from the perspective of matters such as culture, identity and power. In this way, this work intends to collaborate to the debate by reviewing the literature and empirically observe the relationship between child, school and media according to specific educational methods (Waldorf pedagogy, media education and use of ICTs - information and communication technologies - in the classroom). The results of this investigation disproved initial hypothesis that pedagogy that avoids the most contact with the electronic media could result in children with lower use of media.

Essa dissertação se dedica ao estudo dos processos comunicacionais na formação do tutor online junto ao Programa Mídias na Educação, gerido no Estado de São Paulo pelo Núcleo de Comunicação e Educação (NCE) da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo (ECA/USP) em parceria com a Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), com o intuito de verificar se esse profissional é formado a partir dos paradigmas educomunicativos pelos gestores e coordenadores do Programa. / The present paper studies the tutors´ formation under communication perspective, at \"Mídias na Educação\", a national e-learning course developed in São Paulo State by the \"Núcleo de Comunicação e Educação\" (NCE) from the University of São Paulo (ECA / USP), in partnership with the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), in order to verify how educommunication paradigm has been used to manage this distance e-learning program.

Esta dissertação relata e analisa uma experiência de mídia-educação realizada em uma escola particular da cidade de São Paulo, com um grupo de 22 alunos de 13 a 15 anos de idade no mês de junho de 2006. A proposta foi investigar as estratégias de produção de sentido adotadas pelo grupo de alunos, bem como as possibilidades de introdução de projetos de mídiaeducação nas escolas. Para isso, o trabalho se baseou na teoria das mediações, desenvolvida por Guillermo Orozco Gómez e Jesús Martín-Barbero. A pesquisa permitiu refletir sobre os diversos elementos que interferem na produção de sentido e verificar algumas condições necessárias para que um trabalho de mídia-educação possa ser realizado no ambiente escolar. / This dissertation describes and analyses an experience of media-education that took place in a private school in São Paulo, with a 22 students group of 13 to 15 years old in june 2006. The purpose was to investigate the meaning-making strategies adopted by the students group, as well as the possibilities of introduction of media-education projects in school. To achieve that, the work was based on the mediations theory, developed by Guillermo Orozco Gómes and Jesús Martín-Barbero. The research lend to reflections about the various elements that interfere in the meaning-making and to verify some necessary conditions to a media-education work in a educational environment.

A presente tese, formulada na linha de pesquisa Comunicação e Educação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Comunicação da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo, tem como objeto a análise das políticas de educação midiática implementadas por duas Secretarias Municipais de Educação pertencentes, respectivamente, às cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo. A tese se justifica basicamente por duas razões. Em primeiro lugar, pela importância estratégica destas cidades, levando em conta que - além de possuírem as maiores redes públicas de educação básica do país - ambas vêm inserindo em suas práticas de ensino, ao longo das últimas décadas, elementos formativos que contemplam ações expressamente voltadas para esferas que tangenciam a Educação e a Comunicação; em segundo lugar, pelo fato de identificarmos nas distintas propostas elementos que se configuram como identificados, essencialmente, com duas correntes de práticas de educação midiática curricular: a Mídia-Educação, no Rio, e a Educomunicação, em São Paulo. No caso, a pesquisa se propõe a identificar as práticas e a comparar os elementos que as aproximam ou as caracterizam como específicas. O objetivo inicial é a confirmação de efetivas políticas públicas voltadas para os dois paradigmas em questão. E, em uma segunda instância, compreender o que caracteriza as diferentes experiências, enquanto práticas político-pedagógicas. Para tanto, analisamos, teórica e empiricamente, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, com os sujeitos - gestores políticos, gestores escolares, professores e alunos - entendem e utilizam a prática da mídia-educação e da educomunicação no interior das unidades escolares, ou seja, em sala de aula. Os resultados comprovam que a educação midiática é objeto de efetivas políticas públicas nas referidas redes de ensino, tanto que existem dados empíricos relevantes na identificação das perspectivas teóricas e de gestão adotadas em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro. Essas redes de ensino desenvolveram fundamentos e procedimentos específicos às questões da educação midiática como apresentado na tese comprovando que pode existir diálogos, ou seja, pontos em comuns, sintonias de ideias entre as políticas de educação midiática das duas redes. / This thesis, formulated in the Communication and Education research line of the Post-Graduation Program in Communication Sciences of the School of Communications and Arts of the University of São Paulo, has as its object the analysis of media education policies implemented by two Municipal Secretariats of Education, respectively, belonging to the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The thesis is justified basically for two reasons. First, because of the strategic importance of these cities, taking into account that - in addition to having the largest public networks of basic education in the country - both have been inserting in their teaching practices, over the last decades, formative elements that contemplate actions directed specifically for spheres that touch Education and Communication; Secondly, because we identify in the different proposals elements that are identified as identified, essentially with two currents of practices of curricular media education: the Media-Education in Rio and the Educommunication in São Paulo. In this case, the research proposes to identify the practices and compare the elements that approach them or characterize them as specific. The initial objective is the confirmation of effective public policies focused on the two paradigms in question. And, in a second instance, to understand what characterizes the different experiences, as political-pedagogical practices. For this, we analyze, theoretically and empirically, through a qualitative research, how the subjects - political managers, school administrators, teachers and students - understand and use the practice of media-education and educommunication within the school units, in the classroom. The results confirm that media education is the object of effective public policies in educational networks, so much so that there is relevant empirical data in the identification of the theoretical and management perspectives adopted in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. These teaching networks have developed specific foundations and procedures for the issues of media education as presented in the thesis, proving that there may be dialogues, that is, points in common, brainstorming between the two networks.