Chan Sze-wai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.vi / Table of contents --- p.vii / List of figure --- p.xi / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Optical non-linearity of fiber and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Applications on optical non-linearity --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Wavelength tunable pulse generation --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Wavelength conversion --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- All-optical NRZ to RZ format conversion --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.4. --- All-optical pulse compression and reshaping --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3. --- Overview --- p.11 / Reference --- p.13 / Chapter 2. --- Principles and Theories --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1. --- Optical non-linearity --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Self-phase modulation (SPM) --- p.19 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Cross-phase modulation (XPM) --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2. --- Principle of dispersion tuning --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) incorporated with SOA --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Principle of compensated dispersion tuning in harmonically mode-locked fiber ring --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3 --- Principle of double-pass dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) based on SPM --- p.36 / Reference --- p.38 / Chapter 3. --- Preliminary experimental studies on spectral broadeningin SOAs and DSF by XPM --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1. --- XPM in SOA --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2. --- XPM in DSF --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3. --- Comparison in XPM performance between SOA and DSF --- p.47 / Chapter 4. --- Harmonically mode-locked fiber laser with an optically selectable wavelength --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction to wavelength tunable pulse generation and basic idea --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2. --- Experimental details --- p.51 / Chapter 4.3. --- Results and discussions --- p.55 / Chapter 4.4. --- Conclusion --- p.61 / Reference --- p.62 / Chapter 5. --- Spectral broadening by XPM in DSF for wavelength conversion --- p.64 / Chapter 5.1. --- Overview of wavelength conversion --- p.65 / Chapter 5.2. --- Description of experimental setup --- p.67 / Chapter 5.3. --- Optical spectral analysis and eye patterns --- p.69 / Chapter 5.4. --- Data Analysis --- p.72 / Chapter 5.5. --- Conclusion --- p.75 / Reference --- p.76 / Chapter 6. --- Spectral filtering from a cross-phase modulated signal for all- optical NRZ to RZ format conversion --- p.77 / Chapter 6.1. --- Importance of format conversion --- p.78 / Chapter 6.2. --- Principle and explanation of experimental setup --- p.79 / Chapter 6.3. --- Experimental results and bit error rate test --- p.81 / Chapter 6.4. --- Conclusion --- p.87 / Reference --- p.88 / Chapter 7. --- Spectral filtering from a cross-phase modulated signal for all- optical pulse compression and reshaping in a DSF --- p.90 / Chapter 7.1. --- Pulse compression by XPM / Chapter 7.1.1. --- Introduction --- p.91 / Chapter 7.1.2. --- Details of experimental setup --- p.93 / Chapter 7.1.3. --- Experimental results / Chapter 7.1.3.1. --- Output spectra and eye patterns --- p.95 / Chapter 7.1.3.2. --- Data analysis and discussions --- p.97 / Chapter 7.2. --- Pulse restoration by XPM / Chapter 7.2.1. --- Details of experiment --- p.99 / Chapter 7.2.2. --- Output eye patterns --- p.101 / Chapter 7.3. --- Conclusion for pulse compression and reshaping by XPM --- p.102 / Reference --- p.103 / Chapter 8. --- Spectral filtering from a self-phase modulated signal with double-pass DSF for all-optical pulse compression and reshaping --- p.104 / Chapter 8.1. --- Introduction to pulse compression by SPM and basic idea of double-pass DSF --- p.105 / Chapter 8.2. --- Schematic diagram of experimental setup --- p.107 / Chapter 8.3. --- Experimental Results and discussions / Chapter 8.3.1. --- Results measured by optical spectrum analyzer and oscilloscope --- p.109 / Chapter 8.3.2. --- Data comparison with conventional SPM and bit-error rate test --- p.113 / Chapter 8.4. --- Conclusion --- p.117 / Reference --- p.118 / Chapter 9. --- Conclusion and future works / Chapter 9.1. --- Conclusion --- p.119 / Chapter 9.2. --- Possible future works --- p.122 / Appendix / List of publications --- p.A-l

In our research Hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) is employed as an effective, simple investigation technique to study solutions of small molecules, pure liquids, nano-adsorbing systems and metal colloids. A set of apparatus has been built with good spectral resolution and high sensitivity to successfully measure characteristics of intensity and polarization properties of HRS. It was found that the consistency was different for pure liquid and solutions of small molecules when comparing experimental measurements of depolarized ratios and polarization patterns with theoretical expectations. This is due to the presence of both incoherent and coherent contributions to HRS in pure liquids, of which the origin of the coherent contribution is different for different pure liquids. In our results, pure liquid nitrobenzene was found to have strong coherent contribution to HRS caused by intermolecular interactions. Three different chemical compounds were used to mix with nitrobenzene to break the strong orientational correlations between molecules. Comparison between the results show different behaviors in the effectiveness in eliminating the coherent HRS signals, and the effectiveness was correlated to the molecular structures. Theory of second harmonic scattering from surface has been expanded as leading order contributions containing nonlocal electric dipole mode and local quadrupole mode, which can be exhibited in our experimental study of polarization patterns. Polarization patterns from polystyrene particles of different sizes adsorbed with different species of dyes were measured to investigate and compare with theoretical expectations. For small-size adsorbing system, measurements of polarization patterns were basically consistent with theory. However, for adsorbing system of polystyrene particles with a size of 900 nm, the polarization patterns showed discrepancies when comparing with theory, which indicated that higher order multipoles are needed in the theory. Silver and gold colloids were employed as the subject of investigation for measuring the polarization patterns of HRS. The results were found to be consistent when comparing with their extinction spectra and TEM images. We have managed to measure polarization patterns of HRS originated from surface of non-spherical colloids and the results showed that the origin of HRS can be qualitatively understood, although a more elaborated theory is needed to describe the data. / by Chen, Ji = 由有機液體以及金屬膠體產生的非線性光散射的研究 / 陳佶. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-09, Section: B, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-118). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307. / by Chen, Ji = You you ji ye ti yi ji jin shu jiao ti chan sheng de fei xian xing guang san she de yan jiu / Chen Ji.

by T.W. Chui. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81). / Text in English; abstract also in Chinese. / by T.W. Chui. / Titleage --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iii / Table of contents --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Figure Captions --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Meauserment of first hyperpolarizability / Chapter 2.1 --- Electric Field Induced Second Hamonics (EFISH) --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3 --- Internal reference method and External reference method --- p.26 / Figure Captions --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Experimental Setup / Chapter 3.1 --- Design of experimental setup --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- Alignment --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3 --- ower --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4 --- Samples --- p.33 / Figure Captions --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Measurement of first hyperpolarizability of selected molecules / Chapter 4.0 --- Introduction --- p.40 / Chapter 4.1 --- Result of spectral study of the scattered signal from CV --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2 --- Result of the first hyperpolarizability of CV --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3 --- HRS measurement with DANS --- p.47 / Figure Captions --- p.51 / Graphs --- p.52 / Tables --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Studies of the depolarization ratio of HRS and fluorescence light from CV / Chapter 5.0 --- Introduction --- p.59 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental setup for the measurement of depolarization ratio --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio forNA at 532nm --- p.61 / Chapter 5.3 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio for CV at 532nm --- p.62 / Chapter 5.4 --- Measurement of depolarization ratio for fluorescence light from CV --- p.63 / Figure Captions --- p.68 / Graphs --- p.71 / Tables --- p.75 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.77 / References --- p.79

It has become increasingly apparent that the future of next generation of electronic devices can and will rely on graphene nanoribbons. Graphene nanoribbons and sister structures showcase several key properties that can address the emerging need of terahertz science and technology, and break through the many technological limits on conventional semiconductor electronics operating in the terahertz spectrum. In this thesis, we focus on the study of the terahertz nonlinear optical response of metallic armchair graphene nanoribbons and sister structures using a k.p model and time dependent perturbation theory. We find that these nanoribbons exhibit a stronger interband optical response, and a smaller critical field strength (of the order of 10 kV/m) than does 2D single layer graphene. We demonstrate that finite ribbon size, spatial profile of the applied terahertz radiation field, polarization of the applied terahertz radiation, a small band gap opening, and application of a superlattice potential are several ways to tune the strong terahertz nonlinear optical response of metallic armchair graphene nanoribbons. The major contributions of this thesis include: 1) developes of a simpler method compared to other sophisticated methods of the terahertz nonlinear optical interband response of metallic armchair graphene nanoribbons; 2) extends the method in the characterization of various quantum size effects, elliptically polarized radiation field, small gap opening and superlattice on the terahertz optical response of these nanoribbons; 3) The versatility of the tunability showed in the terahertz nonlinear response of metallic armchair nanoribbons and sister structures will help advance the development of the nonlinear terahertz armchair graphene nanoribbon opto-electronic and photonic technology.

Includes bibliographical references. Details research carried out into the nonlinear optical properties of metal alkynyls, chiefly organoruthenium complexes, showing that these complexes can be designed to have very large NLO coefficients. Also demonstrates the utility of spectroscopic, electrochemical and copmutational aids as predictive tools for NLO materials. Also examines cluster synthesis, reactivity and physical properties using ruthenium clusters and hard-donor ligands, affording a series of cluster complrxes that provide structural models for industrially-important hydrotreating intermediates.

Includes bibliographical references. / 3 v. : / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Details research carried out into the nonlinear optical properties of metal alkynyls, chiefly organoruthenium complexes, showing that these complexes can be designed to have very large NLO coefficients. Also demonstrates the utility of spectroscopic, electrochemical and copmutational aids as predictive tools for NLO materials. Also examines cluster synthesis, reactivity and physical properties using ruthenium clusters and hard-donor ligands, affording a series of cluster complrxes that provide structural models for industrially-important hydrotreating intermediates. / Thesis (D.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Chemistry, 2003

Graduation date: 2005

Graduation date: 1993

none

<p>Atmospheric corrosion, the most common form of metal corrosion, occurs within the interfacial region between a solid, and the surrounding atmosphere. In fact three phases and two interfaces are involved: the gas, a thin liquid layer, a solid, the gas/liquid and the liquid/solid interfaces. In this thesis, the vapor/liquid and liquid/metal interfaces have been studied by the in-situ techniques vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (VSFS), and infrared reflection/absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). The main focus has been on characterization of the corrosive organic molecules formic acid, acetic acid, and acetaldehyde, at the two interfaces. Additionally, the headgroup of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been examined at the air/water interface.</p><p>VSFS is an inherently surface sensitive laser spectroscopy technique, which provides vibrational spectra solely of the molecules residing at the surface of for example a liquid, despite the vast excess of the same molecules in the bulk. To obtain a comprehensive molecular picture of the organic compounds at the air/liquid interface, studies have been undertaken in several spectral regions, targeting the CH, C=O, C-O, OH, and SO3 stretching vibrations. Furthermore, the surrounding water molecules have been investigated in order to study hydration phenomena. Acetaldehyde has been determined to partly form a gem-diol (CH3CH(OH)2) at the air/water interface, whereas acetic acid forms various hydrogen-bonded species, with hydrated monomers at low concentrations and centrosymmetric cyclic dimers at high concentrations. Formic acid was found to form a different complex at very high concentrations, in addition to the species observed at low concentrations. Performing experiments with different polarizations of the laser beams has enabled the determination of the orientation of the interfacial molecules. The methyl group of acetic acid was concluded to be oriented close to the surface normal throughout the concentration range, whereas the tilt angle of the CH group of formic acid was determined to be ~35°. The SDS studies revealed that the headgroup orientation is constant in a wide range of concentrations, and also in the presence of sodium chloride.</p><p>IRAS has provided information regarding the composition and kinetics of the corrosion products formed upon exposure of a zinc oxide surface to the organic compounds. The importance of the water adlayer on metal surfaces has been confirmed by the faster kinetics observed at higher relative humidities. Exposure to formic acid resulted in the formation of zinc formate, whereas both acetic acid and acetaldehyde formed zinc acetate upon reaction with the zinc oxide surface. However, the kinetics were faster for acetic acid than acetaldehyde, which was explained in terms of an acetate-induced zinc dissolution process and a more complicated reaction path involved in the acetaldehyde case to form the zinc acetate surface species. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the formation of radially growing reaction products for acetic acid and filiform corrosion for acetaldehyde.</p>