Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime (1990) has received a great deal of empirical examination in the criminology, yet the application of this theory to white-collar crime offenders has not received a great deal of attention. Research that has been conducted in the realm of white-collar crime has yielded mixed support for low self-control in explaining such offenses (Simpson and Piquero, 2002; Reed and Yeager, 1996; Langton et al., 2006; Blickle, 2006). The current study seeks to supplement the literature by focusing not simply on the direct causal links between self-control and white-collar offending, but also exploring how attitudes play a role between self-control and intentions to engage in white-collar crime. Specifically, this study examines whether attitudes towards environmental offending mediate and moderate the relationship between self-control and intentions to engage in environmental white-collar crime. The results indicated that attitudes toward environmental offending did have a mediating effect, but the effect of attitudes did not significantly vary as a function of self-control. Subsequently, simple slopes analysis found that the effect of attitudes was only significant among those with average and high levels of self-control. Implications for the general theory of crime and future directions for white-collar crime research are discussed.

Previous research has suggested that there is a strong and positive relationship between being an entrepreneur and possessing a high degree of subjective well-being as well as job satisfaction. The big five personality traits have also been argued to be significantly related to both subjective well-being and job satisfaction. Little is however known if personality affects entrepreneurs and regular employees differently. In this paper the impact of personality traits on the cognitive part of subjective well-being as well as job satisfaction are investigated separately among entrepreneurs and regular employees. This is done through OLS-regressions using a Swedish nationally representative survey Employment, Material Resources, and Political Preferences (EMRAPP), where entrepreneurs were oversampled in order to be able to compare entrepreneurs (N = 2483) and regular employees (N = 2642). The findings suggest that there is no substantial difference between entrepreneurs and regular employees when looking at the relationship between personality traits and subjective well-being. Findings on job satisfaction on the other hand showed that the personality trait openness to experience had no impact on job satisfaction, and that the personality trait emotional stability (neuroticism reversed) was equally beneficial for both entrepreneurs and regular employees. Extraversion had a positive relationship with job satisfaction among both entrepreneurs and regular employees, although the relationship was twice as strong among entrepreneurs. The personality traits agreeableness and conscientiousness on the other hand were only related to job satisfaction among entrepreneurs. Personality traits are thus much more important for job satisfaction among entrepreneurs.

Tidigare forskning visar att personlighet har betydelse för individens stressupplevelse. Särskilt individer högt i Fem-Faktor modellens personlighesdimension neuroticism tenderar att upplevd högre stressnivåer än övriga fyra personlighetsdimensioner extraversion, samvetsgrannhet, öppenhet och sympatiskhet. Denna studie undersökte relationen mellan samtliga personlighetsdimensioner, samt en del övriga variabler, och stress. Detta skedde utifrån fyra frågeställning med fyra tillhörande hypoteser. 152 högskolestudenter deltog genom att besvara en enkät som bestod av översatta versioner av Shafer’s Five-Factor Personality Scale samt Cohen, Kamarck och Mermelsteins Perceived Stress Scale. Samt nio övriga bakgrundsvariabler. Insamlad data undersöktes med korrelationer, regressionsanalys, t-test och variansanalys. Resultatet visade, i linje med tidigare studier, att personlighet har betydelse för upplevd stress. Högt neurotiska individer upplever mest stress. I denna studie kunde 36 % av variationen i stressupplevelse förklaras av personlighet.

abstract: Color as a communication medium plays an important role in conveying meaning. It has been identified as a major element in marketing and advertising, and has shown to influence consumer's emotions (Labrecque & Milne, 2012). Despite the large volume of color-centered research, the literature on the subject remains largely abstract and unreliable. Academic research on the impact of color on brand personality it is still in its early stages of investigation, and therefore fragmented and inadequate. The goal of this study is to identify and visually represent patterns of association between colors and specific brand personality traits. We hypothesized that such patterns exist, although the exact associations are difficult to predict. If such patterns are found, they can assist in creating a valuable design tool with wide range of applications in product design, manufacturing, and marketing. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Human Systems Engineering 2017

In general, scholars agree that there are several contextual factors influencing immigrants in the UK to use alcohol and other drugs. Not much is known however about how and to what extend acculturative changes are influencing substance use in immigrants and members of minority ethnic groups. This study aims to develop a better understanding of the predictors of substance use by exploring the impact that acculturative changes have in patterns of substance use amongst Brazilian immigrants in the UK. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was adopted in a cross-national research sample compromised of Brazilian participants residing in the UK (n=164) and Brazilian participants residing in Brazil (n=161). Initially, quantitative analysis was carried out to explore country differences in types, frequency, and predictors of substance use. The quantitative analysis was followed by qualitative data collection to explore in-depth complex issues related to social and cultural factors that underlie the susceptibility of Brazilian immigrants to use alcohol and other drugs. Thematic Analysis was adopted to analyse the qualitative data. It was observed that Brazilians who had immigrated to the UK showed an overall increase in the frequency with which they used substances, however, significant differences were only found in recreational drug use, poly-substance use, and binge drinking. Such shifts were influenced by attitudes, values, and behavioural changes, and were strongly predicted by the stress caused by threat to cultural identity. Both drinking for social motives and gender differences predicted involvement in substance use in Brazilians in the UK and in Brazil, whereas resilience, impulsivity, positive and negative affect, and reasons for drinking motivated by conformity and coping where found to have no effect on patterns of substance use in either of the samples. Overall, it seems that, whilst Brazilians in the UK are motivated by negative reinforcement processes to use substances (e.g. coping), in Brazil participants are motivated by positive reinforcement processes (e.g. enhancement). High contact with both British and Brazilian cultures will only predict substance use when threat to cultural identity moderates this relationship. Brazilian immigrants new to the UK are at greater risk for substance use independent of any acculturative strategies or stresses. Length of residence in the UK does not predict the adoption of integration strategies and the stresses caused by acculturation can be experienced throughout the life course of the Brazilian immigrants in the UK.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility that the handwriting analysis of a particular group of individuals with homogeneous interests and abilities (mathematics majors, music majors, psychology majors, and education majors) could likewise identify and isolate a particular personality variable common to these individuals.

Personality plays an important role in various aspects of our daily life. It is being used in many application scenarios such as i) personalized marketing and advertisement of commercial products, ii) designing personalized ambient environments, iii) personalized avatars in virtual world, and iv) by psychologists to treat various mental and personality disorders. Traditional methods of personality assessment require a long questionnaire to be completed, which is time consuming. On the other hand, several works have been published that seek to acquire various personality traits by analyzing Internet usage statistics. Researchers have used Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and various other websites to collect usage statistics. However, we are still far from a successful outcome. This thesis uses a range of divergent features of Facebook and LinkedIn social networks, both separately and collectively, in order to achieve better results. In this work, the big five personality trait model is used to analyze the five traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The experimental results show that the accuracy of personality detection improves with the use of complementary features of multiple social networks (Facebook and LinkedIn, in our case) for openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism. However, for extroversion we found that the use of only LinkedIn features provides better results than the use of only Facebook features or both Facebook and LinkedIn features.

The purpose of this study is to compare the personality traits of twins with the personality traits of mutual friends, as measured by a personality rating scale. In this study an attempt will be made to answer two questions. First, how do twins compare with mutual friends on personality traits? Second, are certain traits more predominant among twins than among mutual friends?

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze interest and personality patterns of experienced teachers as measured by certain standardized tests.

De nos jours, les entreprises font de plus en plus face au manque d’idées créatives en interne (Leimeister et al., 2009). Ce constat a conduit un nombre important d’entre elles à faire appel au crowdsourcing pour bénéficier de la créativité des participants sur Internet. Malgré les multiples bénéfices que cette stratégie procure aux entreprises, les chercheurs et praticiens soulignent l’existence d’un manque de participation de la part des consommateurs. Cette recherche vise à comprendre cette problématique en identifiant les facteurs explicatifs de la participation des consommateurs aux initiatives de crowdsourcing, plus particulièrement aux concours créatifs. Pour y répondre, le présent travail doctoral propose une série d’études empiriques destinées à : (1) comprendre les objectifs managériaux associés au crowdsourcing, ses conditions de réussite et ses freins (2) examiner les principales motivations de la participation et le profil des individus participants et (3) tester l’influence d’un ensemble de variables sur l’intention de participer par le biais d’une étude expérimentale. Les résultats soulignent que la force ou l’attrait de la marque, l’attachement à la marque, le gain financier et la volonté d’apprendre influencent positivement l’intention de participer aux concours créatifs. Cette recherche contribue à la littérature existante en apportant une meilleure compréhension du rôle modérateur des traits individuels des participants et de l’attitude à l’égard du brief dans l’explication de l’intention de participer. Finalement, nous terminons ce travail doctoral par une discussion des principaux résultats obtenus et des voies de recherche à envisager dans le futur. / Nowadays, companies have to increasingly face a lack of internal creative ideas (Leimeister et al., 2009).This has led a significant number of companies to resort to crowdsourcing to benefit from the creativity of participants on the Internet. Despite its multiple benefits, businesses, researchers and practitioners notice a lack of user participation. This research aims to understand this problem by identifying the factors explaining the participation of users in crowdsourcing initiatives, especially in creative competitions. Following an incursion into the literature to understand and delineate the outlines of crowdsourcing, we identify the factors explaining participation in such initiatives. In order to feel the gap of the literature to some extent, this doctoral work proposes a series of empirical studies aiming at: (1) understanding the managerial objectives associated with crowdsourcing, its conditions of success and its constraints, (2) examining the main motivations for participation and the profile of participants, and (3) testing the influence of a set of variables on the intention to participate through an experimental study. The results point out that brand strength, brand attachment, financial gain and willingness to learn positively influence the intention to participate in creative contests. This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a better understanding of the moderating role of participants' individual traits and their attitude towards the brief in explaining the intention to participate. Finally, we conclude this doctoral work with a discussion of the main results obtained and the research paths to be considered in the future.