I investigate whether the determinants of Private Savings changed for G7 countries during the Great Recession. I do this by controlling for many of the key determinants of private savings from previous literature and then adding control variables for each country and adding a post-recession variable (2009-2015). In my third and final regression, after controlling for both countries and country multiplied by time, I found evidence that the private savings rates dropped after the Great Recession.

No description available.

No description available.

Cette thèse transdisciplinaire en économie et science politique étudie les divers aspects de la doctrine de la gouvernance dans les agendas des institutions et organisations internationales (OIs) en adoptant les outils de l’Economie Politique Internationale. La première partie mobilise deux chapitres pour analyser la doctrine de la gouvernance dans sa genèse, conceptualisation, diffusion et appropriation dans la communauté du développement international. Le chapitre 1 montre que les approches contemporaines de la gouvernance rompent avec les approches traditionnelles sur la légitimité politique et l’efficience économique en prenant en compte l’hybridité, l’hétérogénéité et la multiplicité des acteurs et des centres de décisions. Le chapitre 2 apporte sa contribution au débat sur la diffusion des idées et normes dans la sphère des politiques de développement en prenant l’exemple de la Banque Mondiale à travers son agenda sur les normes de gouvernance. Ce chapitre montre que la Banque Mondiale a eu différents comportements vis-À-Vis de la doctrine de la gouvernance, en évoluant d’une approche économique vers une approche sociopolitique dans une optique néolibérale.Ce chapitre montre que la combinaison du pouvoir d’influence et d’injonction de la Banque Mondiale lui a permis d’utiliser ses indicateurs de gouvernance comme un moyen d’influence de sa politique d ’aide au développement de même que celles des autres principaux donneurs. A travers deux chapitres, la seconde partie effectue une investigation dans les dimensions sociales et environnementales de la gouvernance dans une perspective de développement durable dans les pays en développement. Ainsi, le chapitre 3 examine les politiques de gouvernance sociale des OIs et vise à saisir les effets de l’aide multilatérale sur les inégalités de revenu et la protection sociale dans les pays en développement. Il montre que cette aide a des effets bénéfiques uniquement dans les pays ayant une bonne qualité institutionnelle. Enfin le chapitre 4 propose un modèle de principal-Agent illustrant des interactions d’économie politique entre l’offre et la demande de bonne gouvernance dans le cas du civisme environnemental, de la corruption et de la déforestation dans les pays en développement. Il trouve que l’aide multilatérale destinée au secteur forestier est plus efficace dans la réduction de la déforestation dans les pays ayant à la fois un meilleur civisme environnemental et un état de droit. / This interdisciplinary thesis in economics and political science analyzes the multidimensional aspects of the governance doctrine in the agendas of multilateral and International Organizations (IOs) by adopting the framework of International Political Economy (IPE). The first part uses two chapters to analyze the doctrine of governance in its genesis, conceptualization, diffusion and appropriation in the international development community. Chapter 1 found that current approaches of governance break with traditional approaches of political legitimacy and economic efficiency by taking into account the hybridity, heterogeneity and multiplicity of stakeholders in decision-Making. Chapter 2 brings its contribution to the debate on ideas and norms diffusion in development policies scene by taking the example of the world Bank and its agenda on governance norms. We show that the World Bank has developed different behaviors vis- à-Vis the governance doctrine, moving from economic to political and social approaches through a neoliberal framework. The World Bank’s smart power, based on its governance indicators, has been found to exert some notable influences on its foreign development assistance policies as well as those of the other key aid actors. Through two chapters, the second part investigates about social and environmental dimensions of governance in a perspective of sustainable development in developing countries. Chapter 3 studies the behaviors of IOs in terms ofsocial governance. Its empirical investigations, on the effects of multilateral aid on income inequalities and social protection in developing countries, show that aid has beneficial effects only in recipient countries presenting good governance policies. Ultimately, chapter 4 proposes a principal-Agent model highlighting some political economy interactions between supply and demand sides for good governance in the case of environmental compliance, corruption and deforestation in developing countries. This chapter shows empirically that multilateral aid, to the forestry sector, is more effective in reducing deforestation in countries presenting both a better environmental compliance and rule of law.

This thesis examines the nature of the transformations engendered under the impact of the demands of the state and European merchants' . capital within the colonial political economy of Northern Nigeria until 1939. It examines, in'particular, the effect 'of these transformations upon three groups: the peasantry, the merchant class and the aristocracy. It is placed within the current debate on the nature and impact of European capital, operating within an imperial framework, on the political economy of colonies. It seeks to analyse the dialectical effect of the intercourse of European merchants' capital with peasant producers, indigenous merchant and an indigenous ruling class incorporated within the colonial system of administration. Beginning with an examination of the basic pre-colonial economic structures (peasant and slave agriculture, long-distance and internal trade and manufacture) it analyses the immediate effects of the subordination of the pre-colonial state structure under the colonial state, and of the colonial states' policies towards land;~labour and taxation. It then examines peasant involvement in the increased'. production of export commodities, and the role of European, Levantine and African merchant capital in the trade. It then examines the effect of this involvement on the structUre of peasant relations of production, and finally examines the implications of intensified export commodity production within the wider context of a maturing colonial economy. It concludes that the twin demands to ensure initial political control and financial solvency by the state combined with the existence of a form of capital that intensified pettycommo~ ity production to create in Northern Nigeria a state system centred around:a class of non-producers, committed to a controlled, guided change, dependent upon surplus from a peasantry, and class relations that aimed at perpet~ating the political subordination of the peasantry. Material for the thesis vas gathered from actual sources in the' National Archives,'Kaduna, Nigeria, Public Records Office in London, and from published boQks and journals from the University of Sussex, England.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.