Alguns correlatos, principalmente dispositivos para uso médico-hospitalar, não protéticos, produzidos e ou comercializados no Brasil foram submetidos à análise, visando averiguar algumas características relacionadas com a biocompatibilidade. Além disto, foi verificado o cumprimento legal dos fabricantes dos mesmos quanto à comercialização destes produtos. Foram amostrados 11 tipos de correlatos (cateter intravenoso, equipo de administração parenteral, escalpo, seringa hipodérmica, torneira três vias, sonda endotraqueal, bandeja de circulação extracorpórea, oxigenador sanguíneo, reservatório de cardiotomia, bainha urinária e preservativo), perfazendo 72 lotes. Além disto, 14 lotes de algumas matérias-primas foram submetidos à análise. As determinações analíticas para avaliação das amostras foram: toxicidade sistêmica aguda em camundongos, toxicidade intramuscular aguda em coelhos, citotoxicidade em cultura celular, esterilidade, endotoxinas e pH do extrato. Todos os produtos atenderam à exigência legal de comercialização, pelo menos no tocante ao nome do produto, identificação do ciclo produtivo industrial e nome do fabricante, dados que devem constar na embalagem do produto. Com relação às características dos produtos, 12 lotes dentre 72 acusaram citotoxicidade, seja pelo teste \"in vivo\" ou \"in vitro\". Frente a outras provas nenhuma amostra mostrou-se tóxica ou contaminada. Entre matérias-primas, 4 amostras dos 14 lotes acusaram resposta tóxica ou por provas \"in vivo\" ou \"in vitro\". / Some medical devices, mainly medical-hospital ones, not prosthetic ones, produced and or commercialized in Brazil were analysed with the purpose of verifying some features related to biocompatibility. Add to that, legal conformity of manufacturers referring to commercialization of this kind of products were checked. It was sampled 11 kinds of medical devices (intravenous catheter, infusion assembly, scalp, syringer, three way stopcock, tracheal tube, extra corporeal pack, blood oxygenator, cardiotomy reservoir,uro sheath and preservative), performing 72 lots. Also 14 raw material lots were tested. Analytical determinations for sample analysis were: acute systemic toxicity in mouse, acute intramuscular tissue toxicity, cell culture toxicity, sterility, endotoxins and pH of extraction medium. Whole products were in accordance with law requirements,at least referring to product name, production cycle identification and manufacturer\'s name on pack. Relating to product features, 12 of the 72 lots were citotoxic by \"in vivo\" or \"in vitro\" test. According to other kind of tests, neither of them was toxic or contaminated. Among raw material samples 4 of the 14 lots were toxic \"in vivo\" or \"in vitro\" tests.

Atualmente a radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT) está sendo implementada em um número crescente de centros no Brasil. Como conseqüência disto, muitas instituições estão enfrentando o problema de executar um programa de controle de qualidade antes e durante a execução do IMRT na prática da rotina clínica. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar e propor uma metodologia para o controle de qualidade de tratamentos com IMRT. Uma câmara de ionização e um detector bidimensional foram utilizados para avaliar a dose absoluta total de todos os campos em um determinado ponto. A distribuição de dose relativa total de todos os campos foi medida com filmes radiocrômicos e um detector bidimensional em uma profundidade no objeto simulador. Uma comparação entre as distribuições de dose medidas e calculadas foi realizada usando o método do índice gama, avaliando o percentual de pontos que satisfazem os critérios de diferença dose de ±3% e distância de concordância de ±3 mm. Como resultado da dosimetria absoluta de 113 feixes de IMRT medidos com uma câmara de ionização e 81 feixes usando o detector bidimensional, foi proposto um nível de ação de cerca de ± 5% em relação ao sistema de planejamento e de tratamento para a verificação da dose em um único ponto na região de baixo gradiente de dose. A análise das medições com o detector bidimensional mostrou que o valor da função gama foi <1 para 97,7% dos dados e, para o filme, o valor da função gama foi <1 para 96,6% dos dados. Neste trabalho pode-se concluir que para uma entrega exata de dose em IMRT sliding-window com um colimador micro multilâminas, os parâmetros de dose total absoluta e distribuição de dose total relativa devem ser verificados por dosimetria absoluta e relativa respectivamente. / Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is currently been implemented in a rapidly growing number of centers in Brazil. As consequence many institutions are now facing the problem of performing a comprehensive quality control program before and during the implementation of IMRT in the clinical routine practice. The aim of this work is to evaluate and propose a methodology for quality assurance in IMRT treatments. An ionization chamber and a two-dimensional array detector were performed to assess the absolute value of the total dose of all fields in one specific point. The relative total dose distribution of all fields was measured with a radiochromic film and a two-dimensional array at one depth in a phantom. A comparison between measured and calculated dose distributions was performed using the gamma-index method, assessing the percentage of points that meet the criteria of ±3% dose difference and ±3 mm distance to agreement. As a result of 113 tested IMRT beams using ionization chamber and 81 using two-dimensional array, the proposal was to take an action level of about ± 5% compared to the treatment planning systems and measurements, for the verification of the dose in a single point at the low gradient dose region. Analysis of the two-dimensional array measurements showed that the gamma value was <1 for 97.7% of the data and for the film the gamma value was <1 for 96.6% of the data. This can be concluded that for an accurate delivery of dose in sliding-window IMRT with micro multileaf collimator, the absolute value of the total dose and the relative total dose distribution should be checked by absolute and relative dosimetry respectively.

Orientador: Eugenio Jose Zoqui / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T17:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moretti_JoseWilson_M.pdf: 7162591 bytes, checksum: 8d316d4e302c8d30971133cb6ea95d34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Este trabalho procurou demonstrar que a utilização no meio industrial do TQC de A Feigenbaum é um sistema de per si suficiente para a garantia da qualidade do produto acabado, bem como assegurar as salvaguardas para o controle do processo, analise de capabilidade, engenharia de desenvolvimento de novos produtos com suas fase de testes (protótipo, industrialização e pré-produção). Este sistema fornece também os meios para garantia dos instrumentos de medição da qualidade (receptibilidade e reprodutibilidade), para garantia e melhoramento do próprio sistema através das auditorias. Este sistema foi introduzido em um fabricante multinacionaI do ramo de produção de pneus, onde após a definição de alguns indicadores de performance industrial, tais como: indicadores de produtividade, re-trabalho e sucata e Índices de Cp e Cpk, procurou-se mostrar a eficácia deste sistema. Durante esta análise, procurou-se verificar possíveis alterações do clima motivacional em função das alterações estruturais e resultados obtidos após a introdução do TQC / Abstract: This thesis tries to demonstrate that the use of "TQC" on the industry area is an enough system by it self to assure the quality of the product on the market, as well as to assure the safeguards of the control process, capability analysis, development engineering of new products, prototyping and industrialization. This system provides the means to assure the guarantee of quality measurements instruments (repetitiveness and reproductibility) and for the assurance and improvement of the system by it self through audits. This system was introduced in a multinational tyre manufacturer, where after the definition of some industrial performance indicators, such as: productibility, rework and scrap index and Cp and Cpk indicators, it was tried to demonstratethe system efficacy. During this analysis, it was tried to verify possible changes of motivational behavior afier the structural changes and results afier TQC introduction / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Orientador: Ademir Jose Petenate / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T23:46:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Assis_LuisDonizetide_M.pdf: 833246 bytes, checksum: 8bd3ecd5ebcb6d7362cbb44232e139da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Mestrado / Gestão da Qualidade Total / Mestre Profissional em Engenharia Mecanica

The levels of service quality at International Healthcare Distributors (IHD) have been determined. Service quality in organisations require a strong emphasis on customer service and service delivery processes. The main area of this study focuses on the need for appropriate levels and criteria of service quality that will satisfy customers of pharmaceutical distributors. Various determinants affecting service quality levels have been discussed. The nature of service quality has been outlined and customer expectation standards have been determined. Customer satisfaction versus service quality has been discussed and the consumers’ perceptions towards service quality have been identified. Obstacles to attaining service quality have been described and potential causes of service quality shortfalls have been defined. Various surveys were studied to determine the implementation of service quality dimensions in a variety of disciplines. A sample was taken from the IHD customer base and a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the customers. The questionnaire examined five dimensions, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. There was a hundred percent response rate. The results indicated that the tangibility dimension was highest in terms of customer agreement and reliability the lowest. The results of the questionnaire have proven that two of the hypotheses are negative and one positive. Concluding remarks and recommendations were highlighted and it is evident that IHD needs to improve its level of service quality in order to meet their customer requirements.

In this study the service quality from a Metropolitan Broker Division towards contracted brokers in the southern region was investigated. From the industry and competitor analyses it can be concluded that service quality has become an important factor in the financial service industry, especially in the insurance industry. It is therefore important to look at options to outperform competitors. The literature survey was aimed at improving the level of quality service to contracted brokers. Based on the information obtained through the literature study and survey, a guideline to assist a Metropolitan Broker Division to improve the level of service quality was developed. The purpose of the empirical study was to determine if the service that contracted brokers receive from the Metropolitan Broker Division is of an acceptable level. The answers from respondents were analysed and compared with findings from the literature study. Recommendations were formulated for improving the level of service quality towards contracted brokers. The empirical study results were satisfactory and informative. The positive responses identified can be utilised to strengthen the marketing strategies by Metropolitan Broker Division while attention should be given to the negative responses.

Background: Trees play crucial roles in the biosphere and societies worldwide, with a total of 60,065 tree species currently identified. Increasingly, a large amount of data on tree species occurrences is being generated worldwide: from inventories to pressed plants. While many of these data are currently available in big databases, several challenges hamper their use, notably geolocation problems and taxonomic uncertainty. Further, we lack a complete picture of the data coverage and quality assessment for open/public databases of tree occurrences. Methods: We combined data from five major aggregators of occurrence data (e.g. Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Botanical Information and Ecological Network v.3, DRYFLOR, RAINBIO and Atlas of Living Australia) by creating a workflow to integrate, assess and control data quality of tree species occurrences for species distribution modeling. We further assessed the coverage - the extent of geographical data - of five economically important tree families (Arecaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, Pinaceae). Results: Globally, we identified 49,206 tree species (84.69% of total tree species pool) with occurrence records. The total number of occurrence records was 36.69 M, among which 6.40 M could be considered high quality records for species distribution modeling. The results show that Europe, North America and Australia have a considerable spatial coverage of tree occurrence data. Conversely, key biodiverse regions such as South-East Asia and central Africa and parts of the Amazon are still characterized by geographical open-public data gaps. Such gaps are also found even for economically important families of trees, although their overall ranges are covered. Only 15,140 species (26.05%) had at least 20 records of high quality. Conclusions: Our geographical coverage analysis shows that a wealth of easily accessible data exist on tree species occurrences worldwide, but regional gaps and coordinate errors are abundant. Thus, assessment of tree distributions will need accurate occurrence quality control protocols and key collaborations and data aggregation, especially from national forest inventory programs, to improve the current publicly available data.

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

No description available.

M.Tech. (Operations Management) / This study entails and discusses the concepts of quality and performance management in the postal and related services. Quality and Performance Management fundamentally form part of critical strategic objectives and goals every organization set itself to successfully achieve; the practice of quality has been around for a very long time and has become a widespread phenomenon interpreted and implemented differently in the industry while performance management emerged in the 1970’s and grew to be appreciated with time bringing measures to quantify individual and organizational results. This study was aimed at determining the current and past scenarios in the South African Post Office (SAPO) with regards to the organization’s Quality and Performance Management efforts with the view of recommending improvements to be adapted and implemented for strategic business growth. The study was conducted at Capemail and Securemail which are two of other SAPO’s operational divisions that processes and conveys large volumes in clients’ mail and parcels. SAPO is in the process of organizational transformation where a number of projects are being implemented including Change Management, ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004, Total Operations Management Solutions, Productivity Engineering and others where most of these projects failed to yield the intended value. The techniques deployed for the study involved conducting observations in both Mail Centres, conducting informal interviews and distributing questionnaires for data collection; data was further scrutinized and analyzed with Statkon’s consultancy and statistical techniques were exploited to analyze it into meaningful information. The actual statistical tools used for analysis involved descriptives, factor analysis, normalities, comparisons and correlations; these were suffice to produce reliable and accurate data for the results of the study. The objectives of the study was achieved in that management need to seriously pay attention on factors such as empowering employees, enforcing and emphasizing the culture of good quality practice, adapting advanced project implementation frameworks benchmarking with industry competitors, standardizing processes and activities, encouraging the culture of continuous improvement, provision of support to operational requirements financially and otherwise, upgrading technology, viewing performance management from a holistic perspective and linking it directly with day to day activities of the organization and objectives.