The objective of this thesis was to determine the effect of income volatility risk on quota values in the Canadian dairy industry. A quota valuation model was developed to explain the relationship between quota value and its potential determinants, including a risk premium that accounted for dairy producer risk preferences and a measure of income volatility risk. The empirical analysis was applied to the Ontario dairy industry, and monthly data was collected for the period October 1990 through July 2009. Three econometric models were estimated using the ordinary least squares and generalized least squares approaches to estimate the relationship between quota value and the explanatory variables. The generalized least squares estimation approach was applied to the econometric models to account for the presence of autocorrelation. Robust standard errors were reported in the presence of heteroskedasticity. The first model included the discounted flows of expected returns and risk premiums as explanatory variables. The second model expanded on the first by adding policy risk and technological change as explanatory variables. The third model adjusted the second model by replacing the discounted flows of expected returns and risk premiums with the non-discounted values of these variables. Three models were specified and estimated to compare the estimation results and determine which specification best explained quota values over the sample period. The significance test for the first regression under ordinary least squares estimation concluded that the discounted risk premium flows were statistically significant at the 5% significance level. However, the discounted risk premium flows took on an unexpected sign that did not coincide with economic theory. Hypothesis tests for all other regression scenarios concluded that the risk premium was statistically insignificant at the 5% significance level. Therefore, given the functional form of the econometric models, the dataset, and the estimation procedures, the empirical results did not provide definitive evidence that income volatility risk influenced quota values in the Ontario dairy industry for the period October 1990 through July 2009. / October 2016

The Canadian supply management system offers some lessons for the design of a domestic permit trading system. One of the objectives of the domestic trading system is minimizing costs and maximizing the system's efficiency for participants and system administrators. This paper suggests that a permit trading system designed with a longer permit period and without a grace period can be more efficient than a system designed with a shorter permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study is based on Canadian Supply Management System experience and examines the Canadian dairy industry, where two different schemes (monthly and annual) have been used. Under the annual scheme, a strong compliance mechanism stimulates participants to exchange quotas during the dairy year (permit period) and does not require burdensome, non-compliance procedures after the permit period ends. The monthly scheme is characterized by a short permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study examines how these two schemes affect participants' behavior on the quota exchange. The empirical results show evidence of the influence of different schemes on farmers' behaviours regarding the quota exchange. As a conclusion, the paper recommends the use of a permit trading mechanism with a longer permit period and without a grace period for the design of a carbon trading system. The results support Barichello (2002), who developed the Canadian domestic permit trading scheme on the basis of receiving an offset from agricultural soil carbon sinks.

The grey mullet have been regarded as the treasure, so it is the very precious fishery resource in Taiwan. However, from the historic catches, it showed the amount of the grey mullet is decreasing every year and the reasons are not only influenced by the climate change, but also the catches from the vessels of PRC. The main purpose of the study is the effects of the implementation on individual transferable quota of the cross-strait in grey mullet to the living of fishers in Taiwan. Through the management of quota, it would prevent the phenomenon of biological overfishing and economic overfishing, and achieve the sustainable development of fishery resources. The article is to study about the effect of the restrictions on the purchase of unit quota and different quota ceiling to the both of buyers and sellers. The results showed that when the restrictions on the purchase of the unit quota, this would may have the amount of vessels cut to the half and prevent the economic overfishing. Because of quota trading, this will make the fishers are willing to exit the fishery and to achieve the purpose of the management of ITQ.

The Canadian supply management system offers some lessons for the design of a domestic permit trading system. One of the objectives of the domestic trading system is minimizing costs and maximizing the system's efficiency for participants and system administrators. This paper suggests that a permit trading system designed with a longer permit period and without a grace period can be more efficient than a system designed with a shorter permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study is based on Canadian Supply Management System experience and examines the Canadian dairy industry, where two different schemes (monthly and annual) have been used. Under the annual scheme, a strong compliance mechanism stimulates participants to exchange quotas during the dairy year (permit period) and does not require burdensome, non-compliance procedures after the permit period ends. The monthly scheme is characterized by a short permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study examines how these two schemes affect participants' behavior on the quota exchange. The empirical results show evidence of the influence of different schemes on farmers' behaviours regarding the quota exchange. As a conclusion, the paper recommends the use of a permit trading mechanism with a longer permit period and without a grace period for the design of a carbon trading system. The results support Barichello (2002), who developed the Canadian domestic permit trading scheme on the basis of receiving an offset from agricultural soil carbon sinks.

The Canadian supply management system offers some lessons for the design of a domestic permit trading system. One of the objectives of the domestic trading system is minimizing costs and maximizing the system's efficiency for participants and system administrators. This paper suggests that a permit trading system designed with a longer permit period and without a grace period can be more efficient than a system designed with a shorter permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study is based on Canadian Supply Management System experience and examines the Canadian dairy industry, where two different schemes (monthly and annual) have been used. Under the annual scheme, a strong compliance mechanism stimulates participants to exchange quotas during the dairy year (permit period) and does not require burdensome, non-compliance procedures after the permit period ends. The monthly scheme is characterized by a short permit period and a grace period for compliance. This study examines how these two schemes affect participants' behavior on the quota exchange. The empirical results show evidence of the influence of different schemes on farmers' behaviours regarding the quota exchange. As a conclusion, the paper recommends the use of a permit trading mechanism with a longer permit period and without a grace period for the design of a carbon trading system. The results support Barichello (2002), who developed the Canadian domestic permit trading scheme on the basis of receiving an offset from agricultural soil carbon sinks. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Este à um trabalho sobre o processo de implantaÃÃo da polÃtica de cotas na Universidade Federal do Cearà â UFC, as discussÃes deram inÃcio em 2005, mas a efetivaÃÃo concretizou-se em 2012, apÃs promulgaÃÃo da Lei n 12.711/2012, que torna a polÃtica obrigatÃria nas InstituiÃÃes Federais de Ensino Superior. O delineamento da investigaÃÃo perpassa por anÃlises de discussÃes originadas no cenÃrio nacional no perÃodo anterior a referida Lei com a finalidade de entender o desdobramento do longo processo de implementaÃÃo dessa polÃtica na UFC e as expectativas com as mudanÃas ocasionadas com a adoÃÃo das cotas. Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa à analisar que tipo de mudanÃas relacionadas Ãs desigualdades de acesso dos estudantes foram impulsionadas com a implantaÃÃo da polÃtica de cotas, sobretudo no que se refere ao perfil socioeconÃmico e cultural dos discentes dos cursos de maior concorrÃncia e alto prestÃgio social. O referido estudo tambÃm inclui contribuiÃÃes importantes a cerca do grau de satisfaÃÃo dos discentes com o curso, do rendimento acadÃmico e do relacionamento com os colegas de turma. Para isso, a pesquisa contempla os seguintes objetivos especÃficos: 1) Discutir o processo de instituiÃÃo de polÃticas de aÃÃo afirmativa nos processos seletivos das InstituiÃÃes de Ensino Superior brasileira e seu impacto registrado em pesquisas jà realizadas; 2) Analisar o processo de discussÃo sobre implantaÃÃo de cotas na UFC; 3) A partir de uma amostragem de cursos da UFC, investigar o perfil socioeconÃmico e cultural dos estudantes; 4) Analisar de forma comparativa cotista e nÃo cotista no interior dos cursos selecionados. As informaÃÃes para a pesquisa sÃo resultados de acesso a fontes documentais, como ATA e relatÃrios, intensa pesquisa empÃrica com coleta de dados primÃrios. / This is a work on the implementation process of the quota policy at the Federal University of Cearà - UFC, discussions began in 2005, but the execution materialized in 2012, after enactment of Law No. 12,711 / 2012, which makes policy compulsory in Federal Institutions of Higher Education. The design of runs through research by discussions analysis originated on the national scene in the period prior to this Law in order to understand the unfolding of the long process of implementation of this policy in the UFC and expectations with the changes brought about by the adoption of quotas. Thus, the overall objective of the research is to analyze what kind of changes related to student access inequalities were boosted with the implementation of the quota policy, particularly as regards the socio-economic and cultural profile of the students of the most competitive courses and high prestige social. The study also includes important contributions about the degree of satisfaction of students with the course, academic performance and relationships with classmates. For this, the research includes the following specific objectives: 1) Discuss the process of affirmative action institution in selection processes of Brazilian Higher Education Institutions and its impact recorded in previous studies; 2) Analyze the process of discussion on implementation of quotas in the UFC; 3) From a sample of UFC courses, investigate the socioeconomic and cultural profile of the students; 4) Analyze comparatively student quota and no student quota within the selected courses. The information for the survey are the result of access to documentary sources, such as ATA and reports, intense empirical research with primary data collection.

Women continue to be marginalized at most levels of government, especially in political appointment positions. This research interviewed sixteen female political appointees. We found they were drawn from elites, such as legislators, professors, teachers, lawyers and journalists. Most female appointees showed profound political interests through active participation in political activities and social movements, which allows them from movement to government. Interviewees in this research expressed that the president or their mayor invited them to serve as such posts because of appreciation of their past working experiences and administrative experiences. We found some mothers opposed their daughters to step into politics. Furthermore, the very division between public/private and man/woman composes the different expectations on male and female political appointees, such as domestic chores, caring and even their abilities in dealing with politics. Gender makes a difference. Female interviewees tended to promote capable female in their divisions and redressed the past ¡§gender-neutral¡¨ policy to help women have a better life. Some female political appointees also expressed their unique sensitivity as women in decision-making process. In order to increase women to participate in politics, this research suggests raising gender awareness in policies and stress on school education and public education for engaging younger generations. Further, gender quota can increase women¡¦s opportunity to serve as political appointees.

This research is in terms of the multi-national corporation (MNCs) that is to understand the investment and the overall arrangement of the world, Hong Kong, and Taiwan¡¦s garment marketing in Mainland China. Furthermore, to go deep into how the transnational garment will impact on the China government. Due to the debut of China-US textiles trade war issue in 2005, now we are about to analyze the triangle relationships among the transnational garment and Sino-America governments in textile trade negotiation, so to the Chinese government¡¦s textile industrial policies and development goal under the competition and changing of the international garment marketing after entering WTO. At the mean time, this paper studies in quota system of garment, and also assess to the argument of abolishing quota system from WTO recently. Hence to analyze the internal and external factors such like the negotiation to the garment and textile¡¦s quota between China and US government in 2005. With those international and domestic factors eventually predicts the impact on transnational garment.

This thesis examines the impact of farm level cost efficiency on quota trading in a supply regulated industry. Comparative statics illustrate the role of cost efficiency in quota transfers. For estimation purposes, the dependent variable; net quota purchases is specified both quantitatively and qualitatively and modelled by a linear regression model and multinomial logit model, respectively. Empirical results indicate that variation in cost efficiency does not have a significant effect on the sample producers’ decision to purchase quota. Meanwhile, quota purchasers are younger producers, with large herds, underutilized barn space, and had purchase quota in the previous year. / OMAFRA funding code: 200222

NASCIMENTO, Aparecida do Ó do. A política de cotas na Universidade Federal do Ceará: processo de implementação e cotistas. 2016. 148f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-22T17:37:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_aonascimento.pdf: 1241556 bytes, checksum: 9cd55a8fd149fe447b31a23c9ec3d2d7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-22T23:22:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_aonascimento.pdf: 1241556 bytes, checksum: 9cd55a8fd149fe447b31a23c9ec3d2d7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-22T23:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_aonascimento.pdf: 1241556 bytes, checksum: 9cd55a8fd149fe447b31a23c9ec3d2d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / This is a work on the implementation process of the quota policy at the Federal University of Ceará - UFC, discussions began in 2005, but the execution materialized in 2012, after enactment of Law No. 12,711 / 2012, which makes policy compulsory in Federal Institutions of Higher Education. The design of runs through research by discussions analysis originated on the national scene in the period prior to this Law in order to understand the unfolding of the long process of implementation of this policy in the UFC and expectations with the changes brought about by the adoption of quotas. Thus, the overall objective of the research is to analyze what kind of changes related to student access inequalities were boosted with the implementation of the quota policy, particularly as regards the socio-economic and cultural profile of the students of the most competitive courses and high prestige social. The study also includes important contributions about the degree of satisfaction of students with the course, academic performance and relationships with classmates. For this, the research includes the following specific objectives: 1) Discuss the process of affirmative action institution in selection processes of Brazilian Higher Education Institutions and its impact recorded in previous studies; 2) Analyze the process of discussion on implementation of quotas in the UFC; 3) From a sample of UFC courses, investigate the socioeconomic and cultural profile of the students; 4) Analyze comparatively student quota and no student quota within the selected courses. The information for the survey are the result of access to documentary sources, such as ATA and reports, intense empirical research with primary data collection. / Este é um trabalho sobre o processo de implantação da política de cotas na Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFC, as discussões deram início em 2005, mas a efetivação concretizou-se em 2012, após promulgação da Lei nº 12.711/2012, que torna a política obrigatória nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. O delineamento da investigação perpassa por análises de discussões originadas no cenário nacional no período anterior a referida Lei com a finalidade de entender o desdobramento do longo processo de implementação dessa política na UFC e as expectativas com as mudanças ocasionadas com a adoção das cotas. Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é analisar que tipo de mudanças relacionadas às desigualdades de acesso dos estudantes foram impulsionadas com a implantação da política de cotas, sobretudo no que se refere ao perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos discentes dos cursos de maior concorrência e alto prestígio social. O referido estudo também inclui contribuições importantes a cerca do grau de satisfação dos discentes com o curso, do rendimento acadêmico e do relacionamento com os colegas de turma. Para isso, a pesquisa contempla os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Discutir o processo de instituição de políticas de ação afirmativa nos processos seletivos das Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileira e seu impacto registrado em pesquisas já realizadas; 2) Analisar o processo de discussão sobre implantação de cotas na UFC; 3) A partir de uma amostragem de cursos da UFC, investigar o perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos estudantes; 4) Analisar de forma comparativa cotista e não cotista no interior dos cursos selecionados. As informações para a pesquisa são resultados de acesso a fontes documentais, como ATA e relatórios, intensa pesquisa empírica com coleta de dados primários.