京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23107号 / 医博第4734号 / 新制||医||1051(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 平井 豊博, 教授 湊谷 謙司, 教授 川口 義弥 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

This master's thesis deals with the analysis of simulation of computer networks. A statistical tool was designed for evaluating a communication between stations in the computer network. JSimlib4 Java library was used for the simulation of computer networks. It is a lightweight but robust simulation library, designed for creating simple or even quite complex simulation models of distributed systems. The Statistical tool was written in Java programming language and developed in an EasyEclipse integrated development environment. It was designed as an Eclipse Rich Client Platform application. Eclipse Rich Client Platform is a relatively new technology, which has a lot of favorable properties. The Statistical tool can be divided into 3 parts: • creating a log file, • creating a filter, • creating/showing an output. The Statistical tool creates records into a log file during every communication between stations. This log file contains a comment on the first line. This comment describes the definition of records. Every record contains 2 IP addresses with the used ports at the beginning of the record, then the time, the amount of bytes, the protocol and the direction of communication. Every item in the record is divided by a colon. The Statistical tool can evaluate a communication between stations. At first, it has to define a filter according to which it will assess the suitable stations. It can be created either by adding IP addresses or names of the stations onto a list on a workbench. Filter can be loaded from a file that already includes these IP addresses and other information too. After defining the filter, the Statistical tool can create either a diagram or a file. At first, the Statistical tool reads the log file line by line and compares the IP addresses, which were added to the filter with the IP addresses in a log file. When the Statistical tool finds a complying IP address, it reads the whole line and adds an amount of bytes defined on that line to the final diagram that is shown after reading the whole log file. In the case of finding 2 or more complying IP addresses that sent the data at the same time, an amount of these transfers is calculated by adding them and this amount is then shown in a diagram. After reading the whole log file a diagram or a file is shown at the bottom of the window. The diagram is created by a Java library JFreechart and it shows the amount of transferred bytes. The x-axis represents the time and the y-axis represents the amount of transferred bytes. The created file is for next work with the calculated data and it can be loaded for example by Matlab or Octave. The first line in the file represents the time for axis x and the second one represents the amount of transferred bytes for axis y. These lines are followed by a command "plot(x,y)" for drawing a diagram.

The EGF-TM7 receptor CD97 shows different features of expression and function in muscle cells compared to hematopoetic and tumor cells. Since the molecular function and regulation of CD97 are poorly understood, this study aimed at defining its basal transcriptional regulation in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The computational analysis of the CD97 5′-flanking region revealed that the TATA box-lacking promoter possesses several GC-rich regions as putative Sp1/Sp3 binding sites. Transfection studies with serially deleted promoter constructs demonstrated that the minimal promoter fragment resided in the − 218/+ 45 region containing one out of five identified GC-boxes in the leiomyosarcoma cell line SK-LMS-1 and human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HbSMCs). Mutation of the most proximal GC-site in CD97 reporter gene constructs caused a significant decrease in promoter activity. Gel shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that Sp1 and Sp3 bound specifically to the most proximal GC-site. Furthermore, we showed that Sp1 and Sp3 over-expression activates CD97 promoter activity in HEK293 cells. Our data characterize for the first time the activity of the human CD97 promoter which is controlled by Sp1/Sp3 transcription factors in SMCs.

Orientador: Daniela Leal Zandim-Barcelos / Resumo: A fibrina rica em plaquetas e leucócitos (L-PRF) é um derivado plaquetário autógeno capaz de liberar citocinas e fatores de crescimento favoráveis ao reparo tecidual. Por esta razão a L-PRF vem sendo utilizada em diversos procedimentos odontológicos. Uma das aplicabilidades clínicas da L-PRF é em procedimentos de levantamento do seio maxilar, uma técnica já consagrada na odontologia que permite a colocação de implantes dentários em região posterior de maxilas atróficas. Para avaliar a efetividade do uso da L-PRF, dois estudos clínicos independentes foram realizados utilizando a L-PRF em seios maxilares. Um deles teve o propósito de avaliar a influência da L-PRF na regeneração óssea quando associada ao osso mineral bovino desproteinizado (OBD) em procedimentos de elevação do assoalho do seio maxilar, e o outro teve o propósito de avaliar a efetividade da L-PRF no reparo de membranas de Schneider acidentalmente perfuradas durante o procedimento de levantamento do seio maxilar. Para isso, o primeiro trabalho foi um estudo clínico randomizado controlado envolvendo 19 pacientes com edentulismo na região posterior de maxila. De forma aleatória, 24 seios maxilares destes 19 pacientes foram distribuídos entre os grupos teste e controle. O grupo teste abordou 12 seios maxilares que foram enxertados com OBD associado à L-PRF, já o grupo controle abordou outros 12 seios maxilares enxertados apenas com OBD. Após 8 meses de reparo, uma biópsia foi obtida por meio de broca trefina no mesmo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Platelet and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is an autogenous platelet derivative capable of releasing cytokines and growth factors favorable to tissue repair. For this reason, LPRF has been used in several dental procedures. One of the clinical applicabilities of L-PRF is in maxillary sinus lifting procedures, a technique already established in dentistry that allows the placement of dental implants in the posterior region of atrophic jaws. To assess the effectiveness of using L-PRF, two independent clinical studies were conducted using L-PRF in maxillary sinuses. One of them had the purpose of evaluating the influence of L-PRF in bone regeneration when associated with deproteinized bovine mineral bone (DBB) in maxillary sinus floor elevation procedures, and the other had the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of L-PRF in the repair of Schneider membranes accidentally perforated during the maxillary sinus lifting procedure. For this, the first study was a randomized controlled clinical study involving 19 patients with edentulism in the posterior region of the maxilla. At random, 24 maxillary sinuses of these 19 patients were distributed between the test and control groups. The test group involved 12 maxillary sinuses that were grafted with DBB associated with L-PRF, whereas the control group addressed 12 other maxillary sinuses grafted only with DBB. After 8 months of repair, a biopsy was obtained using a drill bit on the same axis of insertion of the implants. The biopsie... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Lärares sätt att förhålla sig till felsvar i matematiken är ett relativt outforskat område. I denna kvalitativa fallstudie var syftet att synliggöra hur en lärare kan använda sig av elevers felsvar för att skapa rika matematiksamtal i undervisningen. Med hjälp av en observation av en matematiklektion samt uppföljande stimulated recall-intervju, har det undersökts hur lära- ren kan framkalla och utnyttja felsvar för att skapa rika matematiksamtal. Resultaten visar att lärare kan framkalla felsvar genom att etablera normer där det är accepterat att säga fel. Tre strategier verkar särskilt användbara för att utnyttja felsvar: Räkna ut lösningen i helklass för att undersöka var svaret brister, jämföra elevernas olika resonemang samt ifrågasätta elever- nas resonemang. Framkallandet och utnyttjandet av felsvar kan då skapa rika matematiksam- tal där elever utmanas att försvara olika resonemang och gemensamt komma överens med sina klasskamrater om vilken lösning som fungerar bäst, alltså konsensus. / Teachers ways of using misconceptions and wrong answers in the mathematics classroom is not a very researched concept. The aim of this case study was to shed light on the different ways in which teachers can use students’ wrong answers in the mathematics classroom to create rich mathematical conversations. By observing a mathematics lesson and organising a stimulated recall interview, this study has investigated how a teacher induces wrong answers from students and uses these answers to create rich mathematic discussions. The results of this study show that teachers can induce wrong answers by establishing norms where there is an overall acceptance for wrong answers. Three strategies seem to be beneficial to use the wrong answers to create rich conversations: calculate the wrong answer and in whole class-education investigate where it fails, comparing the children’s opinions and reasoning and questioning the pupil´s reasoning. The inducing and using of the misconceptions can create rich mathe- matical discussions where the children can be challenged to explain different reasoning and in children’s work in reaching an agreement in the mathematics classroom.

An examination is conducted of the life, career and musical styles of Richmond Matteson, an influential jazz euphonium and tuba performer of the twentieth century. The study includes a brief history of the euphonium's role in concert bands. A description of Matteson's background as a musician and clinician including education, influences and career changes will also be discussed. Analysis of Matteson's improvisational style and a transcription from the recording Dan's Blues is included. A formal analysis of Claude T. Smith's Variations for Baritone is provided, as well as a brief biography of the composer. Matteson's stylistic traits which Smith employed for the composition of Variations for Baritone are illustrated. The conclusion calls for further study of jazz styles by euphoniumists with more frequent performances of Variations for Baritone. Appendices include lists of Matteson's compositions and arrangements, a selected discography and a list of clinics and performances from 1982-1992.

Semi-natural grasslands are valuable ecosystems that have a high biodiversity. Unfortunately, a lot of this biodiversity is being lost as semi-natural grasslands are declining in both size and number. Restoration to reestablish semi-natural grasslands is often done by removing shrubs and trees and planting seeds. After this reinstalment of management such as mowing, and grazing is done to keep woody plants away. Grassland management and restoration have a proven positive effect on species richness and abundance regarding vascular plants. Yet little is known about the effects on insects and spiders. By reviewing scientific publications, I explored how insects and spiders are affected by management, as well as how local and landscape factors affect restoration. Grassland history and timing of restoration, as well as insect and spider’s dispersal ability, affects the possibility of a successful restoration. Larger habitats with good connectivity and surrounding supporting habitats are positive factors for viable insect and spider communities. By comparing different publications, some species benefit from intensive grazing and mowing, and some show a negative response. Long-term low to medium intensive management will favor a higher biodiversity compared to short-term intensive management. In conclusion, balancing conflicts and trade-offs is the real challenge when it comes to semi-natural grassland restoration. In general, to benefit as many insect and spider species as possible management should focus on variation in grass height and flower abundance. However, more research on how insect and spiders are affected by grassland restoration is something I believe would benefit future conservation projects.

Several studies show that students with a mother tongue other than Swedish are disadvantaged in the meeting with text rich mathematical tasks. This is especially so when the tasks have a context that is linked to Swedish culture and tradition that is unknown to the students. This study examines how multilingual middle school students respond to text-rich mathematical tasks. More specifically, the study has investigated multilingual students' difficulties and resources in meeting text-rich mathematical tasks.To answer the questions, qualitative interviews were conducted with a total of eight pupils who, on the basis of four text-rich textbook tasks, had to reason and reflect on the content, language and problems of the tasks. The theoretical approach to analyze the empirical material was social semiotics. Social semiotics is about how people communicate, create meaning and interact with the outside world through different social and cultural contexts. In these social and cultural contexts, humans creates so-called resources that are available to interpret, communicate and create meaning.The results of this study indicate that multilingual students encounter linguistic, cultural and contextual difficulties in the mathematical text-rich tasks. Furthermore, the results of this study also show how these multilingual students use different semiotic resources in their encounter with the text-rich mathematical task such as; dynamically thinking through two languages in parallel, pointing at words, pictures and using a mental “number-exchange”, where the students exchange the mathematical numbers, from Swedish to their native language to cognitively calculate the mathematical numbers.

Abstract: The theory of value capture is simple to understand and easy to sell, promising self-fulfilling virtuous cycles of value generation, capture, and redistribution. Countless studies document value creation attributable to public interventions, providing guidance on the type and extent of potential benefits. Scholars too have set forth parameters for optimal value capture conditions and caution against common pitfalls to keep in mind when designing value capture plans. But even when utilizing the best advice, equitable redistribution of benefits rarely occurs in neoliberal economies, leaving municipalities struggling to meet the myriad of social needs and provide basic services for all their inhabitants. Invariably, capitalistic real estate states seek to financialize public assets for private gain. Nowhere is this more apparent in New York City today than in the outcomes thus far of one of the largest public-private developments in New York history at Hudson Yards. This dissertation documents the failure of the value capture scheme put in place at Hudson Yards which neither captured fair market value for the public, nor extracted much public benefit. The scheme aimed to leverage vast tracts of publicly-owned land above operational rail yards at the Far West Side of Manhattan. Instead, public action under the guise of public purpose catalyzed the private financialization of a finite public asset, through the seemingly benign but inherently complex public policy tool of value capture finance. In particular, this dissertation tells the detailed development story of Hudson Yards, where developers reap huge rewards for their risks while the public still waits for what was promised — an all too familiar story.

As a common source of long-term pain and physical disability, overuse injuries, such as chronic tendinopathies, severely impact a patient’s quality of life. Caused by repetitive trauma, chronic tendinopathies affect hundreds of millions of people each year. The exact pathogenic mechanism in developing this musculoskeletal injury is still largely unknown, making clinical recommendations on the best course of treatment highly debatable. Nonetheless, advancements in biotechnology have made autologous blood products, specifically the use of platelet rich plasma injections, an increasingly popular method in the orthopedic field. Studies have shown that the concentrated platelet sample harbors a number of bioactive mediators. Once activated and injected at the site of injury, these growth factors and cytokines augment the natural healing process in tendinopathic cases. With limited reported complications, many clinicians believe that platelet rich plasma therapy is a safe and accessible treatment option for patients diagnosed with chronic tendinopathy. As such, the primary purpose of this paper is to determine the efficacy of platelet rich plasma injections in treating chronic tendinopathies. This literature review determined that current published studies and research on the effectiveness of PRP injections have produced contradictory results. Due to its autologous characteristic, platelet concentration differs significantly from patient to patient, contributing to high variability in terms of its effectiveness between patients. However, with low long-term costs and fast recovery, PRP injections are a promising, non-surgical intervention for treating chronic tendinopathies. Several patient-centered clinical studies have reported significant improvements in range of motion and pain management when compared to traditional injection treatments. These effects are maximized when administered under ultrasound guidance or when used in conjunction with a strict eccentric exercise program. Nonetheless, continued research is needed to determine optimal injection standards so that clinical recommendations can be further developed and supported.