In this thesis I present my analysis on various aspects of Bluetooth wireless technology. The Bluetooth technology is relatively new as compared to other technologies and there is huge potential of its growth and practical application. Therefore during in this thesis I try to analysis the current status of this technology and issue which are related to this technology. The first section introduces Bluetooth technology, in which I discussed the architecture of Bluetooth and different terminologies of Bluetooth. In the same section I presented the comparison of Bluetooth with other communication technologies. The main questions I hope to answer in this thesis and also discuss the methodology I employed. The subsequent sections discuss the core technical features and issues of security and interoperability of Bluetooth. In these sections I identify the key aspects of Bluetooth that make it standout from other wireless technologies and point out certain shortcomings of this technology. During this I went through different aspect of Bluetooth technology. Subsequently I present my analysis of the market player’s and user’s perspectives and identify the main drivers and barriers of Bluetooth from a business point of view. Towards the end of this thesis I discuss how this technology can be used to provide some attractive solutions. I demonstrate my ideas by discussing how certain services can be used in future in different scenarios. In my proposed solution I discussed the possibilities and advantages of using Bluetooth technology in university campus to perform different routine tasks and this will beneficial for the university both student and teachers. Keywords: Personal Area Networks, Asynchronous connection Link, Ultra Wide Band, Special Interest group, Bluetooth Technology / Malik Zaka Ullah Phone # 0092 301 8460404,0046738746534 Email : malikzakas@hotmail.com

The purpose of this thesis is to understand the circumstances that result in the inability of third-party interventions to solve civil wars. Previous research has examined the impact of third-party interventions on the outcomes of civil wars, the interests of third-party actors in civil wars, as well as the perceptions of civil war participants on third-party actors. The theory in this paper asserts that third-party interventions are unsuccessful when the government and leader of at least one country place the interest of special interest groups ahead of the national interest of their country. This research uses the war in eastern Ukraine as a case study. This thesis uses nationalist and veteran groups as the special interest group, and high officials in the presidential administration of Volodymyr Zelenskiy as the government leaders. The rhetoric of the Zelenskiy administration in regards to the prospects of instituting peace in eastern Ukraine is examined from the time span of May 2019 to March 2021. The evidence of this research demonstrates that the rhetoric administration of Zelenskiy changed from conciliatory and positive, to that of a combination of positive and negative rhetoric towards peace. These government officials attempted to appeal to their voting base, as well as the special interest groups studied. This contradicting rhetoric creates an environment of confusion in regards to ending wars and conflicts.

Diploma thesis "Alternative medicine in the specialized media and reflections of these phenomena in the selected mainstream press media" is researching specialized magazines with content oriented on alternative medicine emerging in the 90's of the previous century and in one case in the beginning of the 21st century. Thesis specifically examinates magazines - social magazine Reflex (on account of alternative medicine materials in the 1990 and 1991), Regena ( 1990 and 1991), Regenerace (1993 and 1994) and Meduňka (2004). In their first years magazines are described from historical and content perspective and in the same time they are contrasted with the topical volume of their predecessors (except of Reflex magazine). Another part of thesis is dedicated to observing two important czech daily papers - Mladá fronta / Mladá fronta Dnes and Lidové noviny (at the same observed periods). All five volumes of both periodicals contained numerous references which proves attractivity of these themes for society as a whole. While the analysis of specialized magazines was dealing with form by which are people interested in alternative medicine, reading of Mladá fronta / Mladá fronta Dnes and Lidové noviny evaluated general attitude of media to reader mostly uninitiated to these matters.

Body culture represents a typical example of sociological phenomenon which has been a subject of mass commercialization for nearly several decades. At certain stage of this process, new magazines of special interest were been created with focus on a specific concept of the physical culture. Their content coverage ranged from fitness, strength training, bodybuilding, health lifestyle, to physical exercise in general. The diploma thesis "The body culture phenomenon in Czech special interests magazines" aims to survey an origin and evolution of such magazines in the Czech Republic and tries to shed light on how physical culture represented by increasing popularity of fitness activities among general public had been reflected in this segment of media production. While analyzing three Czech magazines, Svět kulturistiky, FITNESS and MUSCLE&FITNESS, the thesis examines how the mass popularization and commercialization of physical culture have affected a content structure of the magazines. The research focuses on selection of topics, target audience, use of language and graphic design. Qualitative content analysis will be used to study how the physical culture phenomenon is represented in selected magazines. The thesis also gives a brief insight into the history of bodybuilding and fitness movement in the...

Throughout history, at multiple times, countries have implemented central banking systems by monopolizing currencies. The following study looks at key indicators such as bond yields, central bank legislation and free banking era legislation to identify whether changes were due to economic necessity or political opportunism on the part of politicians. The study will analyze 5 countries, most notably Australia, Sweden, Switzerland, United States and Scotland, all of which have had a free banking period and can shed some light on the topic of transition from a free banking system to a centralized monopoly. The comparison draws light on the diverse problems and challenges that arose, most notably finding that in the majority of cases, government intervention caused the banking system to become unstable and help governments to engage in large debt financing under the central banking era. Keywords: Free Banking; Rent-Seeking; Comparative Banking Systems; Central Banks; Political Economy of Monetary Institutions JEL Classification: B53, E02, E42, E44, F59, N13, N14, N11, N12, N21, N22, N23, N24

Rural and remote areas of Australia remain the last bastion of health disadvantage in a developed nation with an enviable health score-card. During the last ten years, rural and remote health has emerged as a significant issue in the media and the political arena. This thesis examines print media, policy documents and interviews from selected informants to ascertain how they represent medical practitioners and health services in rural and remote areas of Australia, why they do so, and the consequences of such positions. In many of these representations, rural and remote medical practitioners are aligned with national and cultural mythologies, while health services are characterised as dysfunctional and at crisis point. Ostensibly, the representations and identity formulations are aimed at redressing the health inequities in remote rural and Australia. They define and elaborate debates and contestations about needs and claims and how they should be addressed; a process that is crucial in the development of professional identity and power (Fraser; 1989). The research involves an analysis and critical reading of the entwined discourses of culture, power, and the politics of need. Following Wodak and others (1999), these dynamics are explored by examining documents that are part of the discursive constitution of the field. In particular, the research examines how prevailing cultural concepts are used to configure the Australian rural and remote medical practitioner in ways that reflect and advance socio-cultural hegemony. The conceptual tools used to explore these dynamics are drawn from critical and post-structural theory, and draw upon the work of Nancy Fraser (1989; 1997) and Ruth Wodak (1999). Both theorists developed approaches that enable investigation into the effects of language use in order to understand how the cultural framing of particular work can influence power relations in a professional field. The research follows a cultural studies approach, focussing on texts as objects of research and acknowledging the importance of discourse in the development of cultural meaning (Nightingale, 1993). The methodological approach employs Critical Discourse Analysis, specifically the Discourse Historical Method (Wodak, 1999). It is used to explore the linguistic hallmarks of social and cultural processes and structures, and to identify the ways in which political control and dominance are advanced through language-based strategies. An analytical tool developed by Ruth Wodak, Rudolf de Cillia, Martin Reisigl and Karin Leibhart (1999) was adapted and used to identify nationalistic identity formulations and related linguistic manoeuvres in the texts. The dissertation argues that the textual linguistic manoeuvres and identity formulations produce and privilege a particular identity for rural and remote medical practitioners, and that cultural myth is used to popularise, shore up and advance the goals of rural doctors during a period of crisis and change. Important in this process is the differentiation of rural and remote medicine from other disciplines in order to define and advance its political needs and claims (Fraser, 1989). This activity has unexpected legacies for the rural and remote health sector. In developing a strong identity for rural doctors, discursive rules have been established by the discipline regarding roles, personal and professional characteristics, and practice style; rules which hold confounding factors for the sustainability of remote and rural medical practice and health care generally. These factors include: the professional fragmentation of the discipline of primary medical care into general practice and rural medicine; and identity formulations that do not accommodate an ageing workforce characterised by cultural diversity, decreasing engagement in full time work, and a higher proportion of women participants. Both of these factors have repercussions for the recruitment and retention of rural and remote health professionals and the maintenance of a sustainable health workforce. The dissertation argues that the formulated identities of rural and remote medical practitioners in the texts maintain and reproduce relationships of cultural, political and social power. They have also influenced the ways in which rural and remote health services have been developed and funded. They selectively represent and value particular roles and approaches to health care. In doing so, they misrepresent the breadth and complexities of rural and remote health issues, and reinforce a reputational economy built on differential professional and cultural respect, and political and economic advantage. This disadvantages the community, professions and interest groups of lower value and esteem, and other groups whose voices are often not heard. Thus, regardless of their altruistic motivations, the politics of identity and differentiation employed in the formulated identities in the texts are based on an approach that undermines the redistributive goals of justice and equity (Fraser 1997), and works primarily to develop and advantage the discipline of rural medicine.

The purpose of the study was to develop an optimum market-positioning model for the special interest tourism market to support arts festivals in South Africa (SA). Three subareas were deemed essential for the model, namely determining which attributes contribute to the success of three arts festival scenarios, comparing the different arts festival packages as a tourism attraction and then combining these subareas to develop a model enabling future researchers and marketers to present a successful arts festival in South Africa. The three main arts festivals in South Africa, at Potchefstroom, Grahamstown and Oudtshoorn, were studied. Screening questions followed by judgmental and quota sampling were used to select only like-minded respondents from festival attendees on a scenario basis. In personal interviews the data were collected and then analysed using conjoint analysis and game theory. Conjoint analysis was used in a linear regression model with individual ratings for each product. The average of the r-squares in this study was 0,83, indicating a good fit between data and model developed. Then these results were used in the game theory, comparing the three arts festival scenarios to identify the most successful tourism attraction. A different combination of attributes gave each of the three festival scenarios an optimum market position in its own niche market. The study contributes to the existing body of positioning knowledge, specifically in the festivals and events domain. It also adds value as this model can be applied to other festivals in South Africa and also to other business sectors. / Transport Economy, Logistics & Tourism / D. Com. (Tourism Management)

<p>This paper draws on communications research to complement existing models of the political economy of trade policy by introducing the role of media as an institution interacting with policy makers, special interest groups and the public, influencing the formulation of policy and supporting a bias towards protective trade policies. Through the concepts of framing and perceived public opinion, media can contribute to and reinforce problem definitions and suggested solutions that limit the range of alternative policies available to policy makers. In the case of trade policy, established frames for conflict discourse that are efficiently represented in media give incentives to special interest groups to voice demands for support that focus on foreign adversaries, trade interventions and import restrictions. The hypothesis that media effects can contribute to trade policies based on tariffs or other forms of import restrictions is tested by an empirical examination of media coverage leading up to the U.S. decision to impose tariffs on imported steel in the spring 2002. The empirical study of news coverage in the New York Times suggests that to the extent that policy makers are concerned about real or perceived public opinion, they have incentives to adopt tariff-based or other import-restricting trade policies, rather than economically more efficient redistributive policies, wherever the conflict frame is prevalent and special interest groups have media access.</p>

This paper draws on communications research to complement existing models of the political economy of trade policy by introducing the role of media as an institution interacting with policy makers, special interest groups and the public, influencing the formulation of policy and supporting a bias towards protective trade policies. Through the concepts of framing and perceived public opinion, media can contribute to and reinforce problem definitions and suggested solutions that limit the range of alternative policies available to policy makers. In the case of trade policy, established frames for conflict discourse that are efficiently represented in media give incentives to special interest groups to voice demands for support that focus on foreign adversaries, trade interventions and import restrictions. The hypothesis that media effects can contribute to trade policies based on tariffs or other forms of import restrictions is tested by an empirical examination of media coverage leading up to the U.S. decision to impose tariffs on imported steel in the spring 2002. The empirical study of news coverage in the New York Times suggests that to the extent that policy makers are concerned about real or perceived public opinion, they have incentives to adopt tariff-based or other import-restricting trade policies, rather than economically more efficient redistributive policies, wherever the conflict frame is prevalent and special interest groups have media access.

Many people would argue that New Zealand has had a poor reputation for providing support services for the families of people with an Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The limited support services available for families in this country were highlighted during the trial and the manslaughter conviction of Janine Albury-Thomson. Albury-Thomson was found guilty of the manslaughter of her autistic daughter, Casey (MOH, 1999). The sentencing judge called for an independent inquiry to be held to examine the extent of support services that were available for families affected by the disorder with a view to identifying any gaps that may exist and ascertaining whether or not government policy could be blamed (Norris, 1998). More than twelve years have now elapsed since the Albury-Thomson trial and research was needed to ascertain the experiences of families raising a child with ASD. This research examines the experiences of families who have a child who has an ASD diagnosis. Research participants were families of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder who reside in the Canterbury/West Coast area. The research explored the support needs of families and the informal and formal supports that are available to them in this region. This research was conducted in three parts, with each part having a distinct method of data collection allowing triangulation of research findings. Part one was a survey questionnaire distributed via a range of mediums using a snowball sampling method. The second data set was made up of two case studies that were undertaken with a semi-structured interview approach. The third set of data was elicited via a semi-structured interview process from five local service providers that provide services to those with ASD and their families. A qualitative methodology was adopted to analyse research findings. This methodological approach was selected because it gave participants the opportunity to tell their stories about the diagnostic pathway they travelled and their experiences using available services. This research has social policy relevance as it was designed to examine the participant’s experiences while using services and resources available for the families of people with ASD in the Canterbury/West Coast area. Participants told of various social, emotional, and practical impacts and of the experiences they encountered while using the various services available. While the level of awareness of ASD has increased, the diagnosis process proved to be problematic for some when using the public health system. Consistent with a 2001 study commissioned on behalf of the Autistic Association of New Zealand, participants in this study who sought a diagnosis through the public health system found it to be a protracted process. Participants attributed delays to a lack of resources or staff that had a limited knowledge of ASD and saw these factors as barriers to obtaining a diagnosis within an acceptable time frame. A more timely diagnosis was reportedly received when the private health system was used. With regards to support offered by the agencies involved with ‘day to day’ contact with families it was found that overall, competent, experienced people worked for the existing agencies and they were capable of offering support where needed. However specific issues were identified by participants including a perception that case managers failed to understand their situation because they were unfamiliar with the implications of having a family member with ASD. Significantly, family members and service providers both identified a concern about a lack of suitable accommodation that can be utilised by a person with ASD. Because there is limited research into the support needs of families of a child with ASD this research provides an important insight into the needs of a fairly marginalised, and sometimes socially isolated, group. Implications for ongoing service provision and support of families are discussed in the thesis.