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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

On asymptotic analysis and error bounds in optimization. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection

January 2001 (has links)
He Yiran. / Includes index. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-80) and index.. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.
12

Equilibria in the multi-criteria traffic networks / Equilibre dans les réseaux de transport multi-critère

Truong, Thi Thanh Phuong 26 May 2015 (has links)
L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier des propriétés des points d'équilibre dans des réseaux de transport multi-critères et de développer des méthodes numériques permettant de trouver l'ensemble des points d'équilibre ou une partie représentative de cet ensemble. Le travail est structure comme suit. Dans le premier chapitre nous donnons une introduction de la thèse. Le chapitre 2 est un rappel de certaines notions que nous utilisons dans les autres. Nous y rappelons le concept de point optimal de Pareto, les fonctions multivoques et les problèmes d'inégalité variationnelle. Nous introduisons certaines fonctions de scalarisation et puis établissons quelques propriétés importantes. Dans le chapitre 3, nous décrivons les réseaux de transport qui sont étudiés dans cette thèse. Dans chaque modèle, nous rappelons les définitions des points d'équilibre et donnons une relation entre ces définitions. Dans le chapitre 4 nous traitons les réseaux de transport multi-critères mono-produit sans contraintes de capacité. Tout d'abord, nous construisons deux problèmes d'optimisation dont les solutions sont exactement l'ensemble des points d'équilibre du modèle initiale et établissons certaines propriétés importantes de continuité et de dérivabilité génériques des fonctions objectifs. Puis nous donnons une formule permettant de calculer le gradient des fonctions objectifs. Nous proposons également un algorithme et prouvons sa convergence pour générer une représentation de l'ensemble des points d'équilibre. Puisque les fonctions objectifs de nos problèmes d'optimisation ne sont pas continues, une méthode de lissage est également considérée afin d'utiliser quelques techniques d'optimisation globale. En fin, nous introduisons le concept de point d'équilibre robuste, puis nous établissons des critères de robustesse et une formule permettant de calculer le rayon de robustesse. Dans le chapitre 5 nous étudions des points d'équilibre vectoriel dans le réseau de transport multi-critères mono-produit sous contraintes de capacité.Tout d'abord, nous proposons un problème d'optimisation équivalent. En utilisant des techniques analogues à celles du chapitre 4 nous obtenons également un sous-ensemble des points d'équilibre du modèle proposé. Dans le dernier chapitre nous considérons des points d'équilibre fort dans le réseau de transport multi-critères multi-produit sous contraintes de capacité. Nous établissons des conditions d'existence des points d'équilibre fort, des relations entre des points d'équilibre fort et des points d'équilibre par rapport à une famille de fonctions ainsi qu'une relation entre des points d'équilibre fort et les points efficaces de l'ensemble des valeurs de la fonction de coût. En plus nous construisons des problèmes d'inéqualité variationnellle, dont les solutions sont les points d'équilibre fort. La dernière partie de ce chapitre est consacrée à un algorithme permettant de trouver des points d'équilibre d'un réseau multi-critères sous contraintes de capacité. Certains exemples numériques sont donnés pour illustrer notre méthode. Nous fermons la thèse avec une liste de références et appendice contenant le code matlab de nos algorithmes. / The purpose of this thesis is to study equilibria in multi-criteria trafficnetworks and develop numerical methods to find the set of all equilibria oronly one representative part of this set. The thesis is structured as follows.In the first chapter we present an introduction of the thesis. Chapter 2is of preliminary character. We recall the concept of Pareto minimal pointsand some notions related to set-valued maps and variational inequality pro-blem. We introduce some scalarizing functions, in particular the so-calledaugmented biggest/smallest monotone functions and augmented signed distance functions, and establish some properties we shall use later.Chapter 3 describes the traffic network models to be studied in this thesis.We define equilibrium for each model and determine a relationship betweenthem. We also give some counter examples for some existing results in therecent literature on this topic.In Chapter 4 we develop a new solution method for multi-criteria net-work equilibrium problems without capacity constraints. To this end we shallconstruct two optimization problems the solutions of which are exactly theset of equilibria of the model, and establish some important generic conti-nuity and differentiability properties of the objective functions. Then we givethe formula to calculate the gradient of the objective functions which enablesus to modify Frank-Wolfe's reduced gradient method to get descent directiontoward an optimal solution. We prove the convergence of the method whichgenerates a nice representative set of equilibria. Since the objective functionsof our optimization problems are not continuous, a method of smoothingthem is also considered in order to see how global optimization algorithmsmay help.We shall also introduce the concept of robust equilibrium, establishcriteria for robustness and a formula to compute the radius of robustness.In Chapter 5 we consider vector equilibrium in the multi-criteria single-product traffic network with capacity constraints.We propose an equivalent optimization problem and establish some im-portant generic continuity and differentiability properties of the objectivefunction. Then we give a formula which allows us to calculate the gradientof the objective function. After that we apply the approach of Chapter 4 toobtain an algorithm for generating equilibria of this network. We also givesome numerical examples to illustrate our approach.In the last chapter we consider strong vector equilibrium in the multi-criteria multi-product traffic network with capacity constraints.We establish conditions for existence of strong vector equilibrium.We alsoestablish relations between equilibrium and efficient points of the value set ofthe cost function and with equilibrium with respect to a family of functions.Moreover we exploit particular increasing functions discussed in Chapter 2 toconstruct variational inequality problems, solutions of which are equilibriumflows. The final part of this chapter is devoted to an algorithm for findingequilibrium flows of a multi-criteria network with capacity constraints. Somenumerical examples are given to illustrate our method and its applicability.A list of references and appendices containing the code Matlab of ouralgorithms follow.
13

Competitive Multi-period Pricing with Fixed Inventories

Perakis, Georgia, Sood, Anshul 01 1900 (has links)
This paper studies the problem of multi-period pricing for perishable products in a competitive (oligopolistic) market. We study non cooperative Nash equilibrium policies for sellers. At the beginning of the time horizon, the total inventories are given and additional production is not an available option. The analysis for periodic production-review models, where production decisions can be made at the end of each period at some production cost after incurring holding or backorder costs, does not extend to this model. Using results from game theory and variational inequalities we study the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium policies. We also study convergence results for an algorithm that computes the equilibrium policies. The model in this paper can be used in a number of application areas including the airline, service and retail industries. We illustrate our results through some numerical examples. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
14

Approximate Proximal Algorithms for Generalized Variational Inequalities with Pseudomonotone Multifunctions

Hsiao, Cheng-chih 19 June 2008 (has links)
In this paper, we establish several strong convergence results of general approximate proximal algorithm and general Bregman-function-based approximate proximal algorithm for solving the generalized variational inequality problem with pseudomonotone multifunction.
15

The dynamics of a forced and damped two degrees of freedom spring pendulum.

Sedebo, Getachew Temesgen. January 2013 (has links)
M. Tech. Mathematical Technology. / Discusses the main problems in terms of how to derive mathematical models for a free, a forced and a damped spring pendulum and determining numerical solutions using a computer algebra system (CAS), because exact analytical solutions are not obvious. Hence this mini-dissertation mainly deals with how to derive mathematical models for the spring pendulum using the Euler-Lagrange equations both in the Cartesian and polar coordinate systems and finding solutions numerically. Derivation of the equations of motion are done for the free, forced and damped cases of the spring pendulum. The main objectives of this mini-dissertation are: firstly, to derive the equations of motion governing the oscillatory and rotational components of the spring pendulum for the free, the forced and damped cases of the spring pendulum ; secondly, to solve these equations numerically by writing the equations as initial value problems (IVP); and finally, to introduce a novel way of incorporating nonlinear damping into the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion as introduced by Joubert, Shatalov and Manzhirov (2013, [20]) for the spring pendulum and interpreting the numerical solutions using CAS-generated graphics.
16

Applications of Hybrid Dynamical Systems to Dynamics of Equilibrium Problems

Greenhalgh, Scott 05 September 2012 (has links)
Many mathematical models generally consist of either a continuous system like that of a system of differential equations, or a discrete system such as a discrete game theoretic model; however, there exist phenomena in which neither modeling approach alone is sufficient for capturing the behaviour of the intended real world system. This leads to the need to explore the use of combinations of such discrete and continuous processes, namely the use of mathematical modeling with what are known as hybrid dynamical systems. In what follows, we provide a blueprint for one approach to study several classes of equilibrium problems in non-equilibrium states through the direct use of hybrid dynamical systems. The motivation of our work stems from the fact that the real world is rarely, if ever, in a state of perfect equilibrium and that the behaviour of equilibrium problems in non-equilibrium states is just as complex and interesting (if not more so) than standard equilibrium solutions. Our approach consists of an association of classes of traffic equilibrium problems, noncooperative games, minimization problems, and complementarity problems to a class of hybrid dynamical system called projected dynamical systems. The purposed connection between equilibrium problems and projected dynamical system is made possible through mutual connections to the robust framework of variational inequalities. The results of our work include theoretical contributions such as showing how evolution solutions (non-equilibrium solutions) can be analyzed from a theoretical point of view and how they relate to equilibrium solutions; computational methods for tracking and visualizing evolution solutions and the development of numerical algorithms for simulation; and applications such as the effect of population vaccination decisions in the spread of infectious disease, dynamic traffic networks, dynamic vaccination games, and nonsmooth electrical circuits.
17

Optimal Switching Problems and Related Equations

Olofsson, Marcus January 2015 (has links)
This thesis consists of five scientific papers dealing with equations related to the optimal switching problem, mainly backward stochastic differential equations and variational inequalities. Besides the scientific papers, the thesis contains an introduction to the optimal switching problem and a brief outline of possible topics for future research. Paper I concerns systems of variational inequalities with operators of Kolmogorov type. We prove a comparison principle for sub- and supersolutions and prove the existence of a solution as the limit of solutions to iteratively defined interconnected obstacle problems. Furthermore, we use regularity results for a related obstacle problem to prove Hölder continuity of this solution. Paper II deals with systems of variational inequalities in which the operator is of non-local type. By using a maximum principle adapted to this non-local setting we prove a comparison principle for sub- and supersolutions. Existence of a solution is proved using this comparison principle and Perron's method. In Paper III we study backward stochastic differential equations in which the solutions are reflected to stay inside a time-dependent domain. The driving process is of Wiener-Poisson type, allowing for jumps. By a penalization technique we prove existence of a solution when the bounding domain has convex and non-increasing time slices. Uniqueness is proved by an argument based on Ito's formula. Paper IV and Paper V concern optimal switching problems under incomplete information. In Paper IV, we construct an entirely simulation based numerical scheme to calculate the value function of such problems. We prove the convergence of this scheme when the underlying processes fit into the framework of Kalman-Bucy filtering. Paper V contains a deterministic approach to incomplete information optimal switching problems. We study a simplistic setting and show that the problem can be reduced to a full information optimal switching problem. Furthermore, we prove that the value of information is positive and that the value function under incomplete information converges to that under full information when the noise in the observation vanishes.
18

Optimization and estimation of solutions of Riccati equations /

Sigstam, Kibret Negussie, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.
19

Contributions à la théorie des jeux à champ moyen / Optimal stopping problem in mean field games

Bertucci, Charles 11 December 2018 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur l’étude de nouveaux modèles de jeux à champ moyen. On étudie dans un premier temps des modèles d’arrêt optimal et de contrôle impulsionnel en l’absence de bruit commun. On construit pour ces modèles une notion de solution adaptée pour laquelle on prouve des résultats d’existence et d’unicité sous des hypothèses naturelles. Ensuite, on s’intéresse à plusieurs propriétés des jeux à champ moyen. On étudie la limite de ces modèles vers des modèles d’évolution pures lorsque l’anticipation des joueurs tend vers 0. On montre l’unicité des équilibres pour des systèmes fortement couples (couples par les stratégies) sous certaines hypothèses. On prouve ensuite certains résultats de régularités sur une ”master equation” qui modélise un jeu à champ moyen avec bruit commun dans un espace d’états discret. Par la suite on présente une généralisation de l’algorithme standard d’Uzawa et on l’applique à la résolution numérique de certains modèles de jeux à champ moyen, notamment d’arrêt optimal ou de contrôle impulsionnel. Enfin on présente un cas concret de jeu à champ moyen qui provient de problèmes faisant intervenir un grand nombre d’appareils connectés dans les télécommunications. / This thesis is concerned with new models of mean field games. First, we study models of optimal stopping and impulse control in the case when there is no common noise. We build an appropriate notion of solutions for those models. We prove the existence and the uniqueness of such solutions under natural assumptions. Then, we are interested with several properties of mean field games. We study the limit of such models when the anticipation of the players vanishes. We show that uniqueness holds for strongly coupled mean field games (coupled via strategies) under certain assumptions. We then prove some regularity results for the master equation in a discrete state space case with common noise. We continue by giving a generalization of Uzawa’s algorithm and we apply it to solve numerically some mean field games, especially optimal stopping and impulse control problems. The last chapter presents an application of mean field games. This application originates from problems in telecommunications which involve a huge number of connected devices.
20

Étude et simulation d'un modèle stratigraphique advecto-diffusif non-linéaire avec frontières mobiles / Numerical methods for a stratigraphic model with nonlinear diffusion and moving frontier areas

Peton, Nicolas 12 October 2018 (has links)
Retracer l’histoire d’un bassin est un préalable essentiel à toute recherche d’hydrocarbures. Pour cela, on a recours à un modèle stratigraphique, qui simule l'évolution des bassins sédimentaires sur de grandes échelles de temps (millions d'années) et d'espace (centaines de kilomètres). Le logiciel Dionisos, développé à IFPEN depuis 1992 et très apprécié par les compagnies pétrolières, permet d’effectuer ce type de calculs en prenant en compte deux grands processus physiques : (1) le transport gravitaire des sédiments dû à l’inclinaison du sol ; (2) l’écoulement de l’eau provenant des fleuves et des précipitations. Le transport gravitaire est décrit par une équation de diffusion dans laquelle le flux de sédiments dépend de la pente du sol. Initialement, cette dépendance est linéaire. Pour mieux s’approcher des observations réelles, on souhaite la rendre non-linéaire par l’intermédiaire d’un p-Laplacien. Ce changement nécessite la conception d’une nouvelle méthode de résolution numérique, qui doit offrir non seulement une grande rapidité d’exécution, mais aussi des garanties de robustesse et de précision des résultats. De plus, elle doit être compatible avec une contrainte sur le taux d’érosion présente dans le modèle. L’ajout de l’écoulement de l’eau est aussi une sophistication récente du modèle physique de Dionisos. Il se traduit par l’introduction d’une nouvelle équation aux dérivées partielles, couplée à celle du transport. Là encore, il est important d’élaborer une stratégie de résolution numérique innovante, en ce sens qu’elle doit être à la fois performante et bien adaptée au fort couplage de ces deux phénomènes. L'objectif de cette thèse est de moderniser le cœur numérique de Dionisos afin de traiter plus adéquatement les processus physiques ci-dessus. On cherche notamment à élaborer un schéma implicite par rapport à toutes les inconnues qui étend et améliore le schéma actuel. Les méthodologies retenues serviront de base à la prochaine génération du calculateur. / An essential prerequisite to finding hydrocarbons is to trace back the history of a basin. To this end, geologists resort to a stratigraphic model, which simulates the evolution of sedimentary basins over large time scales (million years) and space (hundreds of kilometers). The Dionisos software, developed by IFPEN since 1992 and highly praised by oil companies, makes this type of calculation possible by accounting for two main physical processes: (1) the sediment transport due to gravity; (2) the flow of water from rivers and rains. The gravity transport is described by a diffusion equation in which the sediment flow depends on the slope of the ground. Initially, this dependence is linear. To better match experimental observations, we wish to make it nonlinear by means of a p-Laplacian. This upgrade requires to design a dedicated numerical method which should not only run fast but also provide guarantees of robustness and accuracy. In addition, it must be compatible with a constraint on the erosion rate in the present model. The water flow due to rivers and rains is also a recent enhancement brought to the physical model of Dionisos. This is achieved by introducing a new partial differential equation, coupled with that of sediment transport. Again, it is capital to work out an innovative numerical strategy, in the sense that it must be both efficient and well suited to the strong coupling of these two phenomena. The objective of this thesis is to rejuvenate the numerical schemes that lie at the heart of Dionisos in order to deal more adequately with the physical processes above. In particular, we look for an implicit scheme with respect to all the unknowns that extends and improves the current scheme. The methodologies investigated in this work will serve as a basis for the next generation of stratigraphic modelling softwares.

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