Thesis (M.Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2018. / Violence against women has been one of the critical concerns in South Africa. To stop violence against women we need to understand how the specific society views and perceives such violence. Then we can introduce effective and efficient strategy to tackle the problem. Literature reviews pointed out the nature of violence against women, the causes and the effects and also the communities’ perceptions on violence against women and the policies or strategies to reduce violence against violence. The study aimed at exploring local community perception on violence against women in Dan village. Qualitative study were conducted using individual interviews and focus group discussions with traditional leaders/ indunas, community policing forums, ward committees, civic organisations and community members of Dan village. A purposing sampling was used to obtain 11community leaders and 34 community representatives from the area. Qualitative content analysis technique was used to analyse the qualitative data collected. The findings revealed the increasing level of violence against women in the study area. The local leaders and authorities response to violence against women seems inadequate in the area. Violence in the area takes the form of physical, sexual, emotional and economical abuses on women. Violence against women committed by people who are very close to victims, including their husbands and family members. The study reveals that major causes of violence were jealousy and alcohol and drug abuse. It is recommended that rural women empowerment should be prioritised to equip them with education and skills, improved social and health facilities, access to micro-credits and job opportunities. It is further recommended that collaboration and networks among local actors needs to be strengthen to address alcohol and drug abuses, criminal gangsters and to create more awareness campaigns on violence against women.

À travers cette étude, un essai théorique sur les dispositifs littéraires au cœur de l'écriture de la violence en Afrique subsaharienne au XXIe siècle sera proposé. L’objectif de ce travail sera de déterminer si l'existence d'un dispositif littéraire féminin émergeant en réaction à un contexte violent est envisageable. Le point d’orgue de cette étude sera de démontrer en quoi le dispositif littéraire est en interaction avec le dispositif violent en y instaurant à la fois ordre et désordre, au-delà des frontières génériques. Ces recherches s'axent autour de six œuvres rédigées entre 2000 et 2010. Tanella Boni, écrivaine et philosophe, sera mise à l’honneur à travers l’étude de deux romans : "Matins de couvre-feu" (2005) et "Les nègres n’iront jamais au paradis" (2006). À ces deux fictions sera greffé son opus poétique "Chaque jour l’espérance" (2002). Nous comparerons ces ouvrages à deux fictions et un recueil poétique de Véronique Tadjo : "L’ombre d’Imana : Voyages jusqu’au bout du Rwanda" (2000) et "Loin de mon père" (2010) et "A mi-chemin" (2000). / Through this study, a theoretical essay on literary devices at the heart of writing violence in sub-Saharan Africa in the twenty-first century will be proposed. The objective of this work will be to determine if the existence of a feminine literary device emerging in response to a violent context is conceivable. The highlight of this study will be to demonstrate how the literary device is interacting with the violent device by introducing both order and disorder, beyond the generic borders. This research focuses on six works written between 2000 and 2010. Tanella Boni, writer and philosopher, will be honored through the study of two novels: "Curfew" (2005) and "Negroes n ' will never go to heaven" (2006). To these two fictions will be grafted his poetic opus "Everyday Hope" (2002). We will compare these works with two fiction and a poetic collection of Veronique Tadjo: "The shadow of Imana: Travels to the end of Rwanda" (2000) and "Far from my father" (2010) and "Midway" (2000).

This study was conducted to explore the relationship between social support and youth violence by testing the relationships between violence victimization, violence exposure, violence perpetration, delinquency, and the moderating variable of social support for rural female adolescents in the United States. This research, guided by the social disorganization theory, involved analyses of data from Wave 3 of the National Survey for Children's Exposure to Violence. The logistic regression analyses (n = 278; female; rural area; mean age 13.5) showed no moderating effect of social support on youth violence perpetration. However, there was a positive association between delinquency and violence perpetration, and a relationship between violence victimization in the forms of child maltreatment, exposure to peer victimization, exposure to sibling victimization, exposure to family violence, witnessing violence, and indirect victimization and violence perpetration. The research contributes to positive social change by providing more evidence about the gender-specific needs of rural adolescent females. This evidence may be used in the development of sustainable violence prevention programs and other services designed to prevent child maltreatment and other forms of violence exposure and victimizations, and subsequent violence perpetration.

Targeted school violence (TSV) in the United States is increasing, causing a loss of innocent lives and challenges for teachers and students in building rapport. In addition, TSV increases levels of anxiety and makes it difficult for parents and community members to believe students are safe while at school. Several studies have highlighted the fact that age may be a factor in school shootings, calling for future research to determine if age is indeed influential. The problem is to date age has not been established as a predictive factor, even though the extant research is beginning to identify possible variances. Guided by general strain theory and ceremonial violence, this study determined statistical significance between age and select variables in the personal, event, and ecological categories. This information could be illuminating to educators, mental health professionals, and law enforcement for threat assessment purposes. The information was gathered on all TSV members within the United States from 1966 to 2015 through archival data, and the data were analyzed using logistic regression, Pearson's correlation, and Spearman's correlation. Results indicated that, as age increases, the offenders are more likely to have a higher social status, have a mental health and criminal history, carry out their act in the afternoon, and choose a knife as a weapon. In addition, older offenders are less likely to be students and less likely to have been bullied. Implications for social change include modifications to current threat assessment protocol regarding weapon choice and previous mental health or criminal history, which could be utilized to change public policy for mandatory reporting of students identified as at risk. Also, younger offenders are being bullied more often than older offenders and this could add more awareness to antibullying program procedure and earlier mental health intervention.

Patients experiencing nonfatal strangulation during intimate partner violence (IPV) are suffering the consequences of unrecognized injuries and delayed life-threatening medical sequela. Forensic nurses offer expertise in the physical assessment and documentation to a variety of assault victims including those impacted by IPV. This project addressed whether an educational program on nonfatal strangulation increased the knowledge and assessment skills of forensic nurse examiners. The purpose of this doctoral project was to develop a continuing education program on the topic of nonfatal strangulation for forensic nurse examiners. The project design was created using Knowles's adult learning theory principles. The content outline was guided by the International Association of Forensic Nurses Nonfatal Strangulation Toolkit as well as input from content experts on nonfatal strangulation. The evaluation of the project was through pre- and posttest scores. The nonfatal strangulation continuing education training resulted in a statistically significant increase in participants' posttest scores (z-value= -3.064; p value =.002) indicating that the training material and teaching modality positively affected the participants test scores. This continuing education program on nonfatal strangulation increased knowledge of forensic nurse examiners and its application in the field might contribute to positive social change by increasing the identification of IPV and providing appropriate intervention.

This qualitative research study examines the stories of five men's lived experiences of violence and violation. It is derived from conversations with the men that have been taped and transcribed. These in turn have been categorised into key existential themes and interpreted by myself as the researcher. The process of data collection, transcription and analysis has been performed under strict adherence to the tenets of a rigorous, ethical and trustworthy qualitative approach to undertaking research. Participant's revelations of their unique experiences of violence have been carefully and sensitively interpreted and given meaning through the lens of my personal worldview informed by a philosophical perspective. I have fully acknowledged my own influences upon the proceedings. The methodology that has informed this undertaking is based upon Martin Heidegger's (1927/1962) hermeneutic phenomenology. Phenomenology emphasises the search for raw experience buried in the text and takes me to the heart of men's lived reality of violence. Hermeneutics offers me a way of making meaning out of the subtext concealed within men's stories of violence. Heidegger's philosophy offers me a particular approach for understanding human experience. Van Manen's (1990) existential life world structures guide me towards violence as it is lived rather than as it is thought to be. As such this study emphasises ontological understanding over epistemological examination. The intention of this work is produce an understanding of the impact of violence on people's lives from the unique perspective of those who have experienced it. Its ultimate goal is to use this information to better understand the aetiology of male violence, and, more specifically, five men whose lives have been situated in the world of violence, so that it may be more effectively prevented.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

<p>Violent crime has proven to have profound negative effects, particularly on those living within communities where violence is a dominant feature. The victims often tend to be adolescents, who, while striving for a better future, are often quite vulnerable to its effects. The present study addresses this important social phenomenon which faces the youth of South Africa. There is a growing need to understand the manner in which the ever-increasing exposure of adolescents living in communities which have high rates of violence affects its victims as well as determine those factors which could provide resiliency against those devastating effects. Moreover, this study focuses on adolescents&rsquo / sense of hope as a resiliency factor. The purpose of this research study was to ascertain adolescents&rsquo / understanding of and the meaning they give to exposure to community violence and the extent to which that exposure affects their sense of hope. In this qualitative study, data was collected by means of two, one hour focus groups comprising a total of 14 participants, 14-15 years of age, residing in a community with high rates of violence. The format of the discussion was semi-structured and conducted in English. Various theories were used in order to better describe the information, such as the social learning theory, feminist theory and Bronfenbrenner&rsquo / s ecological model, but the epistemological framework utilized was social constructionism. Ethical principles such as confidentiality and obtaining informed consent were strictly adhered to. The information received from the participants was analyzed using Braun and Clarke&rsquo / s (2006) thematic analysis and presented in two thematic categories with corresponding themes discussed accordingly</p>

Titel: Våld i nära relationer – Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta våldsutsatta kvinnor, en systematisk litteraturstudie. Bakgrund: År 2011 anmälde 12 471 kvinnor att de blivit utsatta för våld i en nära relation. Skador som våldsutsatta kvinnor drabbas av är allt från psykiska besvär till svåra fysiska skador. Många av dessa kvinnor behöver komma i kontakt med sjukvården och sjuksköterskor i olika organisationer. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att möta kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relationer. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie där inkluderade studier granskades och kvalitetsbedömdes. Resultaten analyserades och tematiserades utifrån likheter och skillnader. Resultat: Huvudresultatet påvisade sjuksköterskornas känslomässiga svårigheter att möta kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relationer, då det bland annat påverkade sjuksköterskans privatliv. Det var även svårt för sjuksköterskan att ställa frågan till kvinnan angående våldsförekomst om sjuksköterskan misstänkte det, samt hur sjuksköterskan skulle ställa frågan. Sjuksköterskan fann även svårigheter att finna tid och en bra miljö för dessa kvinnor att känna sig trygga i. Många sjuksköterskor strävade efter att få utbildning inom ämnet våld i nära relationer eller att få ytterligare utbildning inom ämnet. Slutsats: Litteraturstudiens resultat visar att utbildning inom området våld i nära relationer är en nödvändig och central faktor som i dagsläget inte är tillräcklig. Nyckelord: “intimate partner violence”, “domestic violence”, “encounter*”, “experienc*” och “nurse- patient relations”