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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Analise de desempenho de redes opticas hibridas WDM/OCDM / Performance analysis of WDM/OCDM burst switching networks

Galdino, Lídia, 1982- 10 February 2008 (has links)
Orientadores: Edson Moschim, Luiz Henrique Bonani / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T13:14:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Galdino_Lidia_M.pdf: 1699308 bytes, checksum: 530cf633ab13e0be3952155525a69b24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Neste trabalho investigamos o desempenho da tecnologia híbrida de multiplexação por divisão de comprimento de onda e multiplexação por divisão de códigos ópticos (WDM/OCDM) para rede óptica comutada por rajada e roteada por comprimento de onda (WR-OBS). Descrevemos uma arquitetura para o roteador de borda WDM/OCDM e derivamos expressões para a probabilidade de bloqueio da rajada no roteador de borda (BBP) a fim de analisar o desempenho da rede em função dos parâmetros de tempo de processamento no roteador de borda, da carga de tráfego da rede e do número de códigos ópticos. Nós estudamos o tempo de ocupação do canal, a largura de banda por caminho virtual e o fator de reutilização do caminho virtual e analisamos o desempenho da rede em função do tempo de atraso no roteador de borda, da proporção da taxa de bits e do diâmetro da rede caracterizado pelo tempo de reserva do canal. Analisamos topologias em malha considerando os parâmetros como a utilização efetiva do enlace, a probabilidade de bloqueio da rajada (BBP) e o número de códigos ópticos por enlace. As análises mostraram as muitas vantagens de aplicar a tecnologia WDM/OCDM quando comparada a tecnologia WDM puro, bem como esperado nível de Qualidade de Serviço (QoS). / Abstract: In this work we have investigated the performance of hybrid technology using wavelength and optical code division multiplexing (WDM/OCDM) for optical burst switching with acknowledgment (WR-OBS). We describe the architecture of WDM/OCDM edge router and derive expressions for the edge router burst blocking probability (BBP) in order to analyze the network behavior as function of parameters controlling the burst assembly delay, network traffic load and number of optical codes. We have studied the channel holding time, bandwidth per channel, virtual path factor re-use and analyze the network behavior as function of edge delay, bit-rate ratio and the diameter network characterized by the round-trip time. We have used mesh topology considering parameters such as effective link utilization, burst blocking probability (BBP) and the number of codes per link. Analysis shows the main advantages of applied WDM/OCDM technology when compared to pure WDM, as well as expected level of Quality of Service (QoS). / Mestrado / Telecomunicações / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
12

Simulation and Measurement of Wavelength Conversion Using Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate Crystal Fiber

Lin, Der-Fong 12 July 2006 (has links)
Blue/Green lasers can be applied in a wide range such as high-density optical storage, display, biomedical analysis and under water communications. C-band wavelength conversion is one of the most key technologies in DWDM system. Optical Wavelength converter using nonlinear effect can provide high transparency, subcarrier-multiplexed channels and can be fused easily and directly with optical fiber. These characteristics have more advantages than those of O/E/O methods. In this thesis, periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) crystal fiber for wavelength conversion is grown by LHPG method with high-electric-field bias. The relationship between the polarization inversion and micro-swing is analyzed. For different applications, PPLN crystal fiber need appropriate pitches of polarization inversion to meet quasi phase matching. For example, domain period of 15.45 um is used for tunable blue/green lasers. By means of cascaded SHG/SFG effect, when fundamental power is 100 mW, the internal conversion efficiency of SHG and cascaded SHG/SFG were -9.2 dB and -31.9 dB respectively. The SHG 3-dB bandwidth is 9 nm. While the domain pitch varies from 16.79 um to 25.79 um with 30 nm periodic increment , the simulation shows that the cascaded SHG/SFG 3-dB bandwidth is 65 nm in the range of 1476-1672 nm for fundamental wavelength. Domain period of 18.9 um is used for C-band wavelength converter. By means of cascaded SHG/DFG effect, when the crystal length is 1.8 mm, the effective nonlinear coefficient is 18.2 pm/V, which is 83 % of theoretical value. Conversion efficiency is about -59.3 dB when fundamental power and signal power were 350 mW and 15 mW, respectively.
13

Wellenlängen-Zeit-Codierung für dichten Wellenlängen-Multiplex /

Schaich, Frank. January 2008 (has links)
Zugl.: Stuttgart, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.
14

Investigation of high bit rate optical transmission systems employing a channel data rate of 40 Gb/s

Hodžić, Anes. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Techn. University, Diss., 2004--Berlin.
15

Implementação de um sistema de controle centralizado para uma rede óptica transparente / Implementation of a centralized control system for a transparent optical network

Crispim, Honório Assis Filho January 2006 (has links)
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2006. / Submitted by Luana Patrícia de Oliveira Porto (luana_porto_23@hotmail.com) on 2009-12-06T00:14:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_HonorioAssisFilhoCrispim.pdf: 3705677 bytes, checksum: 95e1d2a586477c075f80aa0f6da8b53d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joanita Pereira(joanita) on 2009-12-07T18:25:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_HonorioAssisFilhoCrispim.pdf: 3705677 bytes, checksum: 95e1d2a586477c075f80aa0f6da8b53d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-12-07T18:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_HonorioAssisFilhoCrispim.pdf: 3705677 bytes, checksum: 95e1d2a586477c075f80aa0f6da8b53d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Antes mesmo de considerar inovação e expansão, maximizar o aproveitamento de infra-estruturas de redes já implantadas tem sido o norte das ações de empresas na área de telecomunicações; exemplos dessa assertiva podem ser citados como as estratégias tecnológicas WDM e DSL. O estudo registrado nesse documento trata especificamente da implementação de um modelo centralizado de controle de uma rede óptica transparente que, entre outros aspectos, agrega valor no processo de gerência quando viabiliza ações simples e rápidas sobre uma rede com relativa complexidade. Desta forma, fica para o gerente da rede a tarefa de otimizar o uso dos recursos já instalados, o que se coaduna com as boas práticas no mercado. O modelo proposto, implementado e testado foi dividido em três camadas típicas: gerência, controle e simulação dos elementos físicos. A camada de gerência implementa um forte conceito de segurança e auditoria, que permite um completo monitoramento de todas as ações sobre a rede. Esta camada foi desenvolvida no modelo Web, o que lhe conferiu simplicidade na interface e permitiu ao gerente alta mobilidade. No sistema de controle usou-se o algoritmo de Dijkstra para o cálculo do melhor caminho, mas possibilitou-se a criação de rotas explícitas (criadas sob o controle exclusivo do gerente). Para a alocação do comprimento de onda associado à rota utilizou-se o algoritmo First Fit, que apresentou uma facilidade no processo de saturação da rede quando submetida a mais de trinta requisições num cenário de rede em malha com cinco nós. A camada física foi simulada no que diz respeito ao acionamento dos OXCs e operações básicas dos transponders e amplificadores. Nesta etapa foi usado XML como elemento básico para armazenamento e trâmite dos dados. Todo o trabalho realizado revelou como resultado a necessidade da adoção de uma solução híbrida para modelos de redes ópticas estruturadas em camadas. Em síntese, evidenciou-se como boa prática buscar a centralização das demandas com vistas à obtenção de segurança e rastreabilidade, centralização parcial do sistema de controle para permitir a adoção de processamentos mais inteligentes das demandas por caminhos ópticos e distribuição do mecanismo de proteção das rotas, por exigirem alto desempenho. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Before to consider innovation and expansion, maximize the utilization of the implanted structures has been the north of the actions of companies in the area of telecommunications; examples of this assertive can be cited as the technological strategies WDM and DSL. The study registered in this document treats specifically of the implementation of a centralized control model of a transparent optical network which, among others aspects, add value in manager process when makes possible simple and fast actions by a relative complexity network. In spite of this, it is for the manager of the network the task to optimize the use of the already installed resources, which is similar to good practices in market. The implemented and tested model proposed was divided in three typical layers: manager, control and simulation of physic elements. The manager layer implements a strong security and auditorship concept, which permits a complete supervise of all network actions. This layer was developed in web model, that gives simplicity in the interface and permits high mobility to the manager. In the control system was used a Dijkstra algorithms to calculate the best way, but made possible the creation of explicit routes (created by a exclusive manager control). To the allocation of the lambda associated to the route was used the First Fit algorithms, which presented easiness in network saturation process when submitted to more than thirty solicitations in a scenery with five nodes. The physical layer was simulated in respect of OXCs switching and basics operations of transponders and amplifiers. In this phase was used XML as basic elements to store and data process. All the work realized showed as result the necessity of adoption of a hybrid solution to optical networks models structured in layers. In synthesis, was proved as good practice search the demands centralization to obtain security and log, partial control system centralization to permits the adoption of more intelligent proceedings to the demand of the optical networks and distribution of routes protection mechanism, to need high performance.
16

Vzájemná konverze OTDM a WDM systémů / The mutual conversion of the OTDM and WDM systems

Végh, Zoltán January 2014 (has links)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the WDM and OTDM optical telecommunication networks and the possibility of conversion between these two multiplexing methods. In the first chapter were mentioned the basics of optical communication. The next chapter describes the optical fiber. Specifically, their types, linear and nonlinear optical characteristics whitch are limiting transmission e.g. attenuation, dispersion, refraction, FWM, SPM and XPM. Followed by a general description of the multiplexing systems used in optics and individual elements used in various multiplexing systems. The last chapter was devoted to the design of the OTDM - WDM conversion model.
17

Contribution to the enhancement of the efficiency of IP-over-WDM networks by evaluating and attaining the limits of multilayer network planning / Contribution à l'amélioration de l'efficacité des réseaux IP sur WDM en évaluant et en dépassant les limites du dimensionnement multicouche

Nikolayev, Maksym 29 September 2014 (has links)
La quantité de données devant être transportée via les réseaux de cœur croit de près de 25% par an. Pour maîtriser les coûts, les différentes couches du réseau doivent mettre des informations en commun pour inclure de plus en plus de paramètres lors du dimensionnement du réseau. Cela s’appelle « dimensionnement multicouche ». Nous étudions le dimensionnement multicouche de réseaux statiques composés de deux couches utilisant la commutation en mode circuit (typiquement IP-sur-WDM). Nous proposons un modèle semi-analytique expliquant le comportement des algorithmes responsables de l’agrégation et du routage dans les deux couches. Ce cadre théorique permet de comparer les algorithmes de dimensionnement multicouche entre eux, mais aussi d’expliquer et d’améliorer leur efficience. Nous décrivons ensuite comment la contrainte de portée optique affecte les résultats d’un algorithme de dimensionnement multicouche. Enfin, nous expliquons comment ces résultats s'appliquent au dimensionnement des réseaux de nouvelle génération (dynamiques et hétérogènes en capacité optique) / The traffic passing through core networks grows by nearly 25% each year. To bring the costs under control, the different network layers of the network should work together to include more and more parameters during the network planning phase. This is called “multilayer network planning”. We study the multilayer network planning of static networks composed of two circuit switched layers (typically IP-over-WDM). We propose a semi-analytical model explaining the behavior of algorithms responsible for aggregation and routing in both layers. This theory allows comparing multilayer planning algorithms between them, but also explaining and enhancing their efficiency. We then describe the impact of the optical reach constraint in WDM networks on the results of a multilayer planning algorithm. Finally, we explain how these results apply to the design of future networks (dynamic and with heterogeneous optical layers)
18

Coarse WDM wavelength-routed passive optical networks

Shachaf, Y. January 2008 (has links)
The emergence of new bandwidth-intensive applications articulated by distance learning, online gaming, Web 2.0 and movie delivery by means of high-definition video, has ultimately justified the necessity of upgrading the access network infrastructure to provide fat-bandwidth pipelines at subscriber close proximity. Passive optical networks (PONs) are an emerging technology to deliver these services. This thesis presents innovative work performed towards the application of coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) to route communications to and from reflective optical network units (ONUs) incorporated in time and wavelength division multiplexed PONs. The concept of coarse and dense WDM grid integration and its adaptation in access networks to map, for the first time, selective closely-spaced wavelengths into coarse passband windows of Gaussian and flat-top arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), exhibiting coarse-fine grooming, is initially developed. This is followed by the identification of a new network architecture combining multiple PONs, using a coarse AWG to form a next-generation access network. A significant feature of this approach allows for time division multiplexing (TDM) and WDM PON technologies to be integrated through the 7 nm coarse passband windows of a single AWG, providing for interoperability and high scalability. The network performance through simulation, in the presence of polarisation-dependent wavelength shift and associated polarisation-dependent loss, shows the capability of a single optical line terminal (OLT) to access various physical PONs in 25 km proximity with multiple wavelengths through a single AWG router. This approach enables centralised bandwidth allocation and a smooth migration path between time-shared and densely-penetrated access networks. Furthermore, to demonstrate full-duplex operation, allowing for increased bandwidth utilisation of the reflective access network architecture, full-duplex functionality is achieved by using polarisation division multiplexing. This is implemented in the OLT by assigning each ONU downstream data and continues waves on orthogonal states of polarisation. Hence, by assuming the use of symmetrical broadband services, the novel multi-PON access network verifies its potential to double the bandwidth utilisation for each subscriber, allowing for increased bidirectional network throughput. In addition, an experimental test-bed is performed which demonstrates the core operation of the network being, by means of a readily-available 2.7 nm-wide AWG router. Hence, the practical feasibility of the new access network concept is demonstrated.
19

Formatação de pulso em sistemas coerentes Nyquist-WDM / Geometric pulse shaping in Nyquist-WDM coherent systems

Vanzella, Leonardo Antonio 19 May 2017 (has links)
A necessidade de transmissão de canais modulados a taxas a partir de 400 Gb/s tem motivado a pesquisa e os esforços relativos às tecnologias de camada física habilitadores desta alta capacidade. A atenção se volta, principalmente, aos frontends (transmissores e receptores), aliados aos processadores digitais de sinal (Digital Signal Processors, DSPs), às técnicas de amplificação óptica e a novos tipos de fibra óptica. Em particular a técnica baseada no emprego de filtros de Nyquist combinados à multiplexação de comprimentos de onda (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, DWM), conhecida como Nyquist-WDM, ou N-WDM, tem atraído grande interesse para geração de supercanais ópticos, hoje um dos elementos chave nos sistemas de redes ópticas. O estudo dos fundamentos e casos particulares dos filtros de Nyquist são aprofundados nesta dissertação para o controle de seus parâmetros, em especial o parâmetro conhecido como fator de roll-off, em aplicações que requerem flexibilidade na ocupação espectral e até o reaproveitamento das limitações do filtro para atenuar alguns efeitos lineares e não lineares na fibra. A técnica utiliza um tipo de formatação geométrica de pulso e é limitada pelo ajuste grosso do fator de roll-off, mas como abordagem inicial, permite estabelecer uma série de compromissos na concepção do circuito eletrônico de um transponder sintonizável. Uma investigação teórica foi feita em um sistema PM-16QAM de 21x256 Gb/s, a partir de dados experimentais obtidos com roll-off igual 0,1, para análise do efeito no desempenho sistêmico do ajuste do excesso de largura de banda (em relação à banda de Nyquist) de um filtro formatador de pulso. O fator de roll-off foi ajustado e seu impacto no desempenho do sistema, em termos de alcance, foi verificado. A partir dos resultados, foi observado que, desde que a taxa de erro de bit, BER, esteja dentro do limite do código corretor de erro (forward error corrector, FEC), o valor de roll-off pode ser ajustado para um valor ótimo de acordo com a configuração do sistema e as metas requeridas. Uma vez encontrada a relação entre a BER e o fator de roll-off, foi possível determinar um fator de mérito que relaciona a resolução do filtro de Nyquist, em função do número de taps que ele emprega, o consumo de energia da DSP e, consequentemente, a BER. O compromisso assim estabelecido entre o desempenho sistêmico, o consumo de energia e o fator de roll-off representa a principal contribuição desta dissertação. / The need for transmission of channels modulated at rates greater than 400 Gb/s has motivated the research and efforts related to the physical layer technologies that will enable this high capacity. The attention turns mainly to the frontends (transmitters and receivers), allied to digital signal processors (DSPs), optical amplification techniques and new types of optical fiber. The technique based on the use of Nyquist filters combined withWavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), known as Nyquist-WDM, or N-WDM, has attracted great interest for the generation of optical super-channels, today one of the key elements in optical network systems. The study of the fundamentals and particular cases of the Nyquist filters are detailed in this dissertation for mastering the control of the parameters, especially the parameter known as roll-off factor, for applications that require flexibility in the spectral occupation and even the reutilization of the limitations of the filter to attenuate some linear and non-linear effects on the fiber. The technique uses a geometric type of pulse-shaping, and is limited by the roll-off factor tunning, but as an initial approach, it allows to establish a series of compensations in the design of the electronic circuit of a tunable transponder. A theoretical investigation was made on a 21x256 Gb/s PM-16QAM system, taken as reference the experimental data obtained with roll-off equal to 0.1, to analyze the effects of adjusting the excess bandwidth (relative to the Nyquist band) of a pulse-shaping filter. The roll-off factor was tunned and its impact on the system performance in terms of range effects was verified. From the results, it was observed that, as long as the bit error ratio, BER, is within the FEC limit, the roll-off parameter can be set to an optimum value according to the system configuration and required targets. Once the relationship between the BER and the roll-off factor was found, it was possible to determine a merit factor that relates the resolution of the Nyquist filter, as a function of the number of taps it uses, the energy consumption of the DSP and, consequently, the BER. The compromise thus established between system performance, energy consumption and roll off represents the main contribution of this work.
20

Gerenciamento de colisões para sistemas WDM solitônicos

Pedrosa Salles, Luciana January 2004 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:39:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6992_1.pdf: 9302355 bytes, checksum: 8eed24999ba8c6de78c08f97a68ff38c (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Nessa dissertação apresentamos um novo conceito para otimização de sistemas WDM solitônicos, chamado Gerenciamento de Colisões. Mostramos resultados de simulações com sistemas WDM solitônicos de amplificação discreta de 2 x 40 Gb/s, operando próximo do zero de dispersão, na banda C de transmissão, sem o uso de gerenciamento de dispersão ou quaisquer outras técnicas já consagradas (como por exemplo filtros ao longo do enlace) de minimização de efeitos físicos prejudiciais ao desempenho do sistema. Após fundamentar e explorar o conceito de Gerenciamento de Colisões, propomos o uso de três técnicas. A primeira trata-se do gerenciamento de colisões incompletas que podem ocorrer no início e no final da transmissão. Para viabilizar este gerenciamento propomos uma técnica que consiste na inserção de um atraso inicial entre pulsos de canais diferentes. Esta técnica, em um sistema otimizado, para condições apropriadas (comprimento de colisão maior que duas vezes o comprimento de amplificação), pode permitir uma melhora no desempenho de sistemas WDM solitônicos, chegando a dobrar o alcance dos mesmos, pois ela elimina a colisão incompleta inicial e, em determinados casos, a final. Outras duas técnicas sugeridas exemplificam que, por meio do gerenciamento das colisões completas, podemos melhorar o desempenho de sistemas WDM solitônicos, otimizando adequadamente o espaçamento entre canais, bem como, o espaçamento entre amplificadores do mesmo. Verificamos que a otimização correta de Sistemas WDM Solitônicos, aliado ao uso adequado do espaçamento entre canais e amplificadores, pode permitir ao sistema um alcance em torno de 1000 km, para uma taxa de erro por bit (BER) de aproximadamente 10-12, sem o uso da técnica de gerenciamento de colisão incompleta, e em torno 1600 km com a utilização da mesma

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