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Bakgrunden till denna rapport ligger i hur arkitekturkonsten genom tiden behandlat dagsljuset med största precision för att på bästa sätt ta tillvara på dess kvalitéer, och hur den tekniska revolutionen med artificiell belysning idag påverkat vårt sätt att behandla dagsljus. Syftet med studien är att bidra till kunskapen om hur dagsljusinsläppet påverkar upplevelsen av ett rum. Målet är att klargöra hur dagsljusinsläppets proportioner och placering påverkar hur det infallande ljuset uppträder i rummet och hur det inverkar på hur rummet upplevs. Studien är tänkt att kunna användas av planerare för att i trivsamhetssyfte skapa ett så bra dagsljusinsläpp som möjligt. Följande frågeställningar formulerades: Hur påverkar placeringen av dagsljusinsläppen upplevelsen av ett rum? Hur påverkar proportionerna av dagsljusinsläppen upplevelsen av ett rum? Hur mycket ljus kommer in i rummet med hänsyn till proportioner och placering av dagsljusinsläppen? Undersökningen inleddes med ett förexperiment där fönsterutformningar observerades i en modell för att sedan testas i ett fullskaleexperiment. Under experimentet gjordes enkätundersökningar på en urvalsgrupp om 20 personer som fick svara på frågor om rumsupplevelse, och därefter gjordes ljusmätningar i samtliga fyra experimentrum. Resultatet visar att stora dagsljusinsläpp ger en hög ljusnivå men bidrar till låg rumslighet, försämrade kontrastförhållanden och ökad risk för bländning. Mindre, lågt placerade horisontella dagsljusinsläpp ger i princip samma ljusnivå men skapar en bättre rumslighet och minskar risken för bländning. Med högt placerade horisontella dagsljusinsläpp visar resultatet en försämring av rumsupplevelsen då rummet upplevs slutet och instängt. Det har visat sig att fönsterytans area påverkar, men inte varit avgörande för hur dagsljusinsläppet påverkar upplevelsen av rummet, det ser ut som att placeringen istället haft mycket större påverkan på rumsupplevelsen. Det visar också att de mörkare rummen har högre rumslighet än de ljusare. Studien visar att testpersonerna trivdes bäst i rummet med lågt horisontellt placerade dagsljusinsläpp. / The background to this report is based on how architectural art through times been treating daylight with greatest precision to take advantage of its good quality, and how the technical revolution with artificial lighting affects our way of working with daylighting today. The purpose of the study is to contribute to the knowledge how the daylight opening affects the perception of a room. The aim is to clarify how proportions and placement affects how the incident light occurs in the room and how that affects on how the room is perceived. The study is meant to be used by lighting planners, and in terms of pleasantness, be able to create the best possible daylight environment. The following questions were formulated: How do the positions of daylight openings affect the perception of a room? How do the proportions of daylight openings affect the perception of a room? How much light enters the room as a result of proportions and placements of daylight openings? The investigation began with a pre-experiment where window configurations were observed in a scale model and then tested in a full-scale experiment. During the experiment surveys were made in a sample group of twenty people who had to answer questions about spatial experience, followed by lighting calculations that were made in all four experimental settings. The result shows that large daylight openings provide a high level of light but contribute to low spatiality, deterioration of contrasts and increased risk of glare. Smaller, low-set horizontal daylight openings tend to give the same levels of light but create a better sense of space and reduce glare. With high positioned horizontal daylight openings the result shows a deterioration of spatial experience and the room is perceived closed and stuffy. A vertical daylight opening is shown to make the room feel small and high, and the level of light is low, the contrast ratio and the completeness experienced worsening. The result shows that the window surface area affects the experience but is not essential how the daylight openings affect the perception of the room, it looks like the matter of placement have greatest impact on the room experience. It also shows that the darker rooms have higher spatiality than the lighter ones. The study shows that the test group liked the room with low-set horizontal daylight openings better.

An often overlooked area of graphics is the ability of application programs to create graphical images. Many programs exist which allow creation interactively, but few offer the same ability for noninteractive application programs. By allowing an application program to create graphical images more user friendly programs may be created by programmers. / Department of Computer Science

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1990. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-54). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1993. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 69).

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-113). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [109]-120.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [109]-120.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 1989. / "November 1989." Includes bibliographical references and index.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de mensurar o grau de satisfação dos clientes de uma loja de automóveis usados na serra gaúcha. O número de questionários coletados ao final da pesquisa foi de 146 entrevistados, possibilitando a criação de um perfil destes. O método utilizado foi de cunho exploratório, descritivo e explicativo. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se o um formulário baseado na escala Likert, que permitiu avaliar questões relativas à importância baseada no nível de concordância de uma afirmação. A partir das médias obtidas, aplicou-se uma série de ferramentas de análise. A principal delas foi a “Janela do Cliente”. A intenção foi descrever os principais atributos apontados a melhorar, sendo os principais e mais relevantes: flexibilidade na negociação, financiamento próprio, tempo de resposta, qualidade dos automóveis, promoções, taxa de juros, horário de atendimento, qualidade no atendimento, iluminação da loja, agilidade no atendimento, disposição dos carros e comprometimento. Também foi aplicada a ferramenta análise de variância (ANOVA), onde observamos a maioria dos atributos listados, com seus respectivos resultados. A análise de regressão serviu para apurar que 5 atributos foram eleitos como de maior relevância para os entrevistados, sendo a variável com maior impacto positivo sobre a satisfação geral dos clientes a flexibilidade na negociação. Por fim, com a análise fatorial foi possível criar grupos de variáveis que se relacionam, identificando 5 grupos de importância, classificados como: aparência estrutura e precificação, habilidade e negociação, disponibilidade da equipe, solicitude ao cliente e confiança. / This work had the objective of measuring the degree of customer satisfaction of a used car shop in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The number of questionnaires collected at the end of the survey was 146 interviewees, making it possible to create a profile of these. The method used was exploratory, descriptive and explanatory. For data collection, a form based on the Likert scale was used, which allowed to evaluate questions related to the importance based on the level of agreement of an affirmation. From the averages obtained, a series of analysis tools were applied. The main one was the "Client Window". The intention was to describe the main attributes aimed at improving, being the main and most relevant: flexibility in negotiation, own financing, response time, car quality, promotions, interest rate, service hours, service quality, store lighting , Agility in service, car layout and commitment. We also applied the analysis of variance (ANOVA) tool, where we observed most of the listed attributes, with their respective results. The regression analysis served to ascertain that 5 attributes were chosen as of greater relevance for the interviewees, being the variable with the greatest positive impact on the general satisfaction of the clients the flexibility in the negotiation. Finally, with the factorial analysis it was possible to create groups of variables that are related, identifying 5 groups of importance, classified as: structure and pricing appearance, skill and negotiation, team availability, client solicitude and trust.