published_or_final_version / Chinese / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / abstract / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / abstract / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts

published_or_final_version / abstract / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Humanities / Master / Master of Philosophy

In recent years, mobility empowered by smart phones, tablets and numerous applications running on those mobile devices is transforming the way people live and work in the digital age. Innovations and new business models are emerging that take advantages of this rise of mobile computing. Despite tremendous opportunities promised by the transition to mobility, challenges exist before its full potential can be realized by society as well as by companies. For example, the spread of real-time targeting technologies in mobile display advertising creates a new challenge of how to efficiently allocate countless categories of advertising opportunities, or impressions, in real time. For another example, social broadcasting networks such as Twitter in the U.S. and "Weibo" in China are making it extremely convenient for consumers to spread word-of-mouth (WOM) among them, which both poses new challenges and offers new opportunities to companies wishing to harness the power of consumer WOM. The dissertation contains three essays exploring those issues. In the first essay, the concept of "smart market" for impression allocation is proposed, which emphasizes allocation contingent on uncertain supply and promotes coordination among advertisers across impression categories. A new theory is developed to solve the complicated optimization problem, which leads to a "decomposition and standardization" algorithm. In the second essay, I investigated whether and how Twitter WOM affects movie sales by estimating a dynamic panel data model using publicly available data and well-known machine learning algorithms. I found that chatter on Twitter does matter; however, the magnitude and direction of the effect depends on whom the WOM is from and what the WOM is about. The findings provide new perspectives to understand the effect of WOM on product sales and have important managerial implications. The third essay examines the possibility of designing social-broadcasting-based business intelligence (BI) systems that utilizes real-time information extracted from social broadcasting networks with text mining techniques. A new framework is proposed for this purpose and a Twitter-based BI system is designed and implemented that forecasts movie box office revenues during the opening weekend and daily revenue four weeks after the release of a movie. Preliminary results suggest that social-broadcasting-based BI systems have great potential and are worth exploring by both researchers and practitioners. / text

<p>Titel: New Blends in the English Language</p><p>Författare: Anna Enarsson</p><p>Antal sidor: 29</p><p>Abstract: The aim of this essay was to identify new blends that have entered the English language. Firstly six different word-formation processes, including blending, was described. Those were compounding, clipping, backformation, acronyming, derivation and blending. The investigation was done by using a list of blends from Wikipedia. The words were looked up in the Longman dictionary of 2005 and in a dictionary online. A google search and a corpus investigation were also conducted. The investigation suggested that most of the blends were made by clipping and the second most common form was clipping and overlapping. Blends with only overlapping was unusual and accounted for only three percent. The investigation also suggested that the most common way to create blends by clipping was to use the first part of the first word and the last part of the second word. The blends were not only investigated according to their structure but also according to the domains they occur in. This part of the investigation suggested that the blends were most frequent in the technical domain, but also in the domain of society</p>

<p>Background: A coming of age of a generation named Generation Y, which holds negative views on commercial messages, has resulted in the need of special marketing methods which are known to be more alternative. Guerrilla Marketing, being such a method holds beneath it Undercover Marketing which is another method and has the potential of reaching this generation.</p><p>Purpose: Our purpose is firstly to define a theoretical placement of Undercover Marketing, secondly to define the theoretical views on ethics regarding the mentioned term and thirdly to see if there is a future, a will, and knowledge for its usage within the Swedish community of marketing practitioners.</p><p>Method: The research for this thesis is done in a qualitative method through a series of interviews with four advertising firms and one freelance artdirector. The interviews were compared to each other and to the frame of reference during the analysis in order to create a more complete picture.</p><p>Results: In this thesis we have seen that there is a future in the use of Undercover Marketing as it can prove to be the only method able to reach Gen Y. However it must follow certain rules to succeed and companies must take certain factors into consideration prior to attempting a marketing campaign including this particular method.</p>

The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace and Filiaci, 2006) conjectures that adult second language learners (L2 learners) who have reached near-native levels of proficiency in their second language exhibit difficulties at the interface between syntax and other cognitive domains, most notably at the syntax-discourse interface. However, research in this area was limited, in that the data were offline, and thus unable to provide evidence for the nature of the deficit shown by L2 learners. This thesis presents online data which address the question of the underlying nature of the difficulties observed in L2 learners at the syntaxdiscourse interface. This thesis has extended work on the syntax-discourse interface in L2 learners by investigating the acquisition of two phenomena at the syntax-discourse interface in German: the role of word order and pronominalization with respect to information structure (Experiments 1-3), and the antecedent preferences of anaphoric demonstrative (the der, die, das series homophonous with the definite article) and personal pronouns (the er, sie, es series) (Experiments 4- 8). Crucially, this work has used an on-line methodology, the visual-world paradigm, which allows an insight into the incremental interpretation of interface phenomena in real-time processing. The data from these experiments show that L2 learners have difficulty integrating different sources of information in real-time comprehension efficiently, supporting the Interface Hypothesis. However, the nature of the processing difficulties which L2 learners demonstrate in on-line processing was not determined by these studies, resulting in the question: are L2 learners’ difficulties a result of a limitation of processing resources, or the inability to deploy those resources effectively? A novel dualtask experiment (Experiment 9), in which native speakers of German were placed under processing load simulated the results previously obtained for L2 learners. It is concluded that syntactic dependencies were constrained by resource limitation, whereas discourse based dependencies were constrained by processing resource allocation.

Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) processors are wide-issue statically scheduled processors. Instruction scheduling for these processors is performed by the compiler and is therefore a critical factor for its operation. Some VLIWs are clustered, a design that improves scalability to higher issue widths while improving energy efficiency and frequency. Their design is based on physically partitioning the shared hardware resources (e.g., register file). Such designs further increase the challenges of instruction scheduling since the compiler has the additional tasks of deciding on the placement of the instructions to the corresponding clusters and orchestrating the data movements across clusters. In this thesis we propose instruction scheduling optimizations for energy-efficient VLIW processors. Some of the techniques aim at improving the existing state-of-theart scheduling techniques, while others aim at using compiler techniques for closing the gap between lightweight hardware designs and more complex ones. Each of the proposed techniques target individual features of energy efficient VLIW architectures. Our first technique, called Aligned Scheduling, makes use of a novel scheduling heuristic for hiding memory latencies in lightweight VLIW processors without hardware load-use interlocks (Stall-On-Miss). With Aligned Scheduling, a software-only technique, a SOM processor coupled with non-blocking caches can better cope with the cache latencies and it can perform closer to the heavyweight designs. Performance is improved by up to 20% across a range of benchmarks from the Mediabench II and SPEC CINT2000 benchmark suites. The rest of the techniques target a class of VLIW processors known as clustered VLIWs, that are more scalable and more energy efficient and operate at higher frequencies than their monolithic counterparts. The second scheme (LUCAS) is an improved scheduler for clustered VLIW processors that solves the problem of the existing state-of-the-art schedulers being very susceptible to the inter-cluster communication latency. The proposed unified clustering and scheduling technique is a hybrid scheme that performs instruction by instruction switching between the two state-of-the-art clustering heuristics, leading to better scheduling than either of them. It generates better performing code compared to the state-of-the-art for a wide range of inter-cluster latency values on the Mediabench II benchmarks. The third technique (called CAeSaR) is a scheduler for clustered VLIW architectures that minimizes inter-cluster communication by local caching and reuse of already received data. Unlike dynamically scheduled processors, where this can be supported by the register renaming hardware, in VLIWs it has to be done by the code generator. The proposed instruction scheduler unifies cluster assignment, instruction scheduling and communication minimization in a single unified algorithm, solving the phase ordering issues between all three parts. The proposed scheduler shows an improvement in execution time of up to 20.3% and 13.8% on average across a range of benchmarks from the Mediabench II and SPEC CINT2000 benchmark suites. The last technique, applies to heterogeneous clustered VLIWs that support dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) independently per cluster. In these processors there are no hardware interlocks between clusters to honor the data dependencies. Instead, the scheduler has to be aware of the DVFS decisions to guarantee correct execution. Effectively controlling DVFS, to selectively decrease the frequency of clusters with slack in their schedule, can lead to significant energy savings. The proposed technique (called UCIFF) solves the phase ordering problem between frequency selection and scheduling that is present in existing algorithms. The results show that UCIFF produces better code than the state-of-the-art and very close to the optimal across the Mediabench II benchmarks. Overall, the proposed instruction scheduling techniques lead to either better efficiency on existing designs or allow simpler lightweight designs to be competitive against ones with more complex hardware.