Första januari år 2013 trädde den senaste versionen av MARPOL Annex V i kraft. Denna studie har genom en litteraturstudie samt intervjuer med nautiska befäl sökt svar på vilka förändringar som skedde, hur dem implementerats ombord samt hur förändringarna upplevts av sjöfarare. Syftet med studien var att bidra med en pusselbit till bilden av hur avfallssortering utövas till sjöss samt hur arbetet med det upplevs. Litteraturstudien kom fram till att den stora skillnaden är att papper, glas, metall samt aska inte längre får slängas i havet. Inom specialområde får endast matavfall destruerat genom avfallskvarn slängas överbord. Intervjuerna visade att respondenterna inte påverkats nämnvärt av förändringarna då de redan tidigare följt strängare riktlinjer och regelverk för avfallshantering. Den mest betydande arbetsuppgiften för avfallsansvarigt befäl ombord är att underrätta övrig besättning om hur avfall skall hanteras. Dock efterfrågas av samtliga befäl ytterligare internationell lagstiftning riktat mot hamnar för en global likformighet för att underlätta arbetet som annars kan ses som krångligt och omotiverat. / The first of January 2013 came an updated version of MARPOL Annex V. This research has been made with a literature study and interviews with nautical officers searched for answers to what changes have been made, how they are implemented on board and how the changes experienced by seafarers. The purpose of this study was to contribute how the waste handling works onboard, how waste sorting exercise at sea and how the work is perceived. The literature study found that the major difference is that paper, glass, metal and ashes can no longer be thrown in the sea. Food waste inside special areas must have been processed through a food waste disposer before thrown overboard. The interviews showed that respondents are not significantly affected by the changes as they have already followed a more strict version of the regulations for waste disposal. The most important task for the waste responsible officer on board is to inform the rest of the crew on how waste should be managed onboard. All the respondents ask for international legislation directed at ports of a global uniformity in order to facilitate the work that otherwise might be viewed as burdensome and unjustified.

From colonies to nation, this work identifies and emphasizes the influence of interdependent communal relationships on the ascent of the charter school movement. These ideals were made manifest in colonial social covenants that were then compromised by the conformist republican mandate of the common school. These ideals were recovered incrementally as education was affected by broader historical forces, most notably the implementation of court-sanctioned racial apartheid during the Plessy era, the reaction to the underwhelming impact of Brown, and, beginning in the 1980s, the rise of legislation that prepared the way for charter schools. Moreover, this work challenges the assumption that charter schools have proven popular with American citizens due solely to promises of superior academic results. Alternatively, this work suggests that charter schools have prospered because they have challenged the state monopoly in K-12 education, and have thus returned balance to the dynamic between the individual and the state. Finally, this work troubles the idea that charter schools are balkanizing American education, suggesting that the right of citizens to form charter schools, in an effort to sustain unique communities, justifies and is in fact endorsed by the American metanarrative. Research on American charter schools lacks a coherent historical framework. This work provides the charter school movement with an historical narrative that argues for the movement’s legitimacy based on its consistency with the American Republic’s founding philosophy. / Graduate / 0323 / 0337 / 0520 / smg32@duke.edu

In terms of general interest, James V has suffered by comparison with his more famous father, James IV, and his internationally renowned daughter, Mary Queen of Scots. Yet his reign is an important one, embracing the establishment of the court of session, the beginnings of Protestantism in some areas of Scotland, and the growth of royal power to such an extent that the king could leave the country for nine months in 1536-37 without fear of rebellion. Studies of royal finance, of some aspects of the growth of the legal profession, and of religious dissent have already been undertaken; and the politics of the minority of James V has also been the subject of recent research. This thesis aims to demonstrate that the politics practised in the personal rule differed little in kind from those practised by earlier adult Stewart monarchs. The approach has been to examine the major political events of the period, the attitude of the king, the impact of royal policy upon his magnates, and the careers of some of those magnates. For too long James V has been judged to have been a vindictive and irrational king, motivated largely by greed. The assumption has been that he antagonised most of his leading magnates and met his just deserts when they refused to support him in 1542. A different view is offered here. Essentially, many of James' later policies were shaped by the events of 1528-29 when he assumed his royal authority in person. For the rest, his approach closely resembles that of his supposedly more popular father. There were some individual magnates who suffered financially by the application of legalistic sharp practice. But the conclusion is that this king did not lose the support of the majority, even at the end.

Baigiamojo darbo tikslas: ištirti kvapiųjų augalų įtaką varozės profilaktikai ir gydymui. Apibūdinimas: varozė – parazitinė bičių liga, kuri pridaro daug žalos bitininkystei bei sodininkystės, žemdirbystės industrijoms. Varozės gydymui naudojami įvairūs gydymo būdai, tačiau nei vienas neveikia 100 proc. Baigiamojo darbo metodikos: Bandymas atliktas Jurbarko ir Prienų rajono bitynuose 2013 m. Tyrimo metu nustatytas varozės, askosferozės, viduriavimo, puvinių paplitimas 52 bičių šeimose. Tirta erkių populiacijos dinamika, kintant bičių šeimų stiprumui. Nustatytas ligos poveikis bičių kūnelių sausųjų medžiagų cheminei sudėčiai, medaus cheminei sudėčiai, bičių produktyvumui. Tirtas kvapiųjų augalų (sėjamosios petražolės, paprastojo čiobrelio, valgomojo krieno, pipirmėtės, juodojo serbento, paprastojo apynio) poveikis erkėms, jų nimfoms. Bičių kūnelių SM baltymai, riebalai ir medaus cheminė sudėtis nustatyta Lietuvos žemdirbystės instituto agrocheminių tyrimų laboratorijoje. Atliekant eksperimentą su kvapiaisiais augalais, parinkta vienodo stiprumo bei rasės 12 bičių šeimų, šios suskirstytos į 2 grupes (kontrolinę ir bandomąją). Kvapieji augalai buvo susmulkinti ir po 300 g paskleisti viršutinėje avilio dalyje – kas 4 dienas jie keisti ir stebėta, kiek erkių nukrito į erkėgaudį. Pagrindiniai tiriamojo darbo rezultatai: Tyrimais nustatyta, kad daugiausiai erkių, nimfų nukrito nuo paprastųjų apynių žiedų (bandomojoje grupėje į erkėgaudžius nukrito 82,35 proc. (P<0,05) erkių daugiau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim and methods: The test was performed in apiaries of Jurbarkas and Prienai district, in 2013. During the time of the research varosis, chalk brood (askosferosis), diarrhea, rot prevalence were determined in 52 bees families. Mite population dynamics, varying strength of bees families was analysed. Influence of the disease for bees bodies dry matter (DM), chemical composition (protein, fat), honey chemical composition, bees productivity was determined. Aromatic herbs influence (parsley, plain thyme, eatable horseradish, peppermint, black currant, plain hop) for mites, their nymphs was analysed. Bees bodies DM protein, fat and chemical composition of honey determined in Agrochemical Laboratory of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture. Performing experiment with aromatic herbs, 12 bees families of equal strength, race were selected, these were divided into 2 groups (control and experimental). Aromatic herbs were granulated and spread in 300 g, in the upper part of the hive, they were changed in every 4 days, quantity of mites dropped into mite catcher was observed. The main results of the research work: According to data of the research, the largest quantity of mites, nymphs dropped from plain hop flowers (82.35 percent (P<0.05) more mites dropped into mite catchers in experimental group, than in control group) also from black currant leaves (81.82 percent (P<0.05) more mites in experimental group, than in control group), the least quantity,-from parsley (50.00... [to full text]

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Königsberg, Phil. Diss. v. 22. Juni 1929.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Albert-Ludwigs-Universität zu Freiburg im Breisgau, 1968. / Vita.

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Les MOSFET III-V sont considérés comme des candidats potentiels pour les futures générations d'applications à base de logique CMOS, grâce à leurs remarquables propriétés de transport.D'un autre côté, ils souffrent de désavantages physiques (tels que les courants tunnels ou leur faible densité d'états), et de difficultés technologiques (en particulier les états d'interface), qui peuvent détériorer leur performance.Dans cette thèse, un modèle physique et compact du MOSFET III-V est établi. Il inclut une description des effets canaux courts, de la charge d'inversion (considérant aussi les effets de structure de bandes dans les canaux fins), les caractéristiques de transport, les courants tunnels, et les composants externes tels que les résistances d'accès et les capacités parasites.En utilisant ce modèle, la performance des MOSFET III-V est évaluée par rapport à celle du Si, et une feuille de route incluant ces dispositifs est présentée.Il est démontré que les canaux à matériaux III-V pourraient présenter une meilleure performance que le Si, pourvu que le problème des pièges d'interface soit résolu. Si tel est le cas, ils pourraient être introduits au noeud "7nm".La densité de pièges, à partir de laquelle la performance des MOSFET III-V devient pire que celle du Si, dépend de l'architecture considérée.Enfin, les canaux très fins nécessaires pour atteindre une bonne performance avec les matériaux III-V risquent de poser des problèmes de variabilité, qui pourraient avec des répercussions négatives au niveau de la conception du circuit. / III-V MOSFETs are considered as a potential candidate for next generation CMOS logic applications thanks to their remarkable transport properties.On the other hand, they suffer from several physical drawbacks (such as tunneling currents or low density-of-states) and technological difficulties (in particular interface traps), which may deteriorate their performance.In this thesis, a physical compact model of the III-V MOSFET is established. It includes a description of short-channel effects, inversion charge (also considering bandstructure effects in thin channels), transport characteristics, tunneling currents, and external components such as access resistances and fringe capacitances. Using this model, the performance of III-V MOSFETs is benchmarked against Si, and a possible roadmap including these devices is presented. It has been found that the III-V channels may feature a significant performance advantage over Si, provided that the interface traps issue be solved. In that case, they may be introduced at the "7nm" node. The critical trap density, above which the performance of III-V MOSFETs degrades below Si, depends on the architecture considered. Finally, the very thin channels required to achieve a good performance with III-V materials may raise variability issues that could reverberate negatively at the circuit design level.