In this research it was found that the most frequently consumed caffeine drink by the student (men) JU is a tea and caffeinated drinks are most often consumed for thein taste. Processing research results also revelaed that caffeinated drinks have not a hight proportion of respondents it the drinking regime.

In the last decades, there has been a growing interest in studying particular those arthropods who have an important role in agroecosystems. For example, they are natural enemies of pests and therefore they are considered to be beneficial organisms. However, these beneficial arthropods may be negatively affected by the application of chemicals under the management of agroecosystems and their potential to inhibit pests can be significantly reduced. Such organisms certainly include spiders which occure in abundant numbers practically in all types of terrestrial habitats including agricultural ecosystems where they have a role of very important predators. Therefore, the thesis focused on current issues of pesticides, especially from the view of their negative effects on behavioral modification of beneficial invertebrate organisms in agricultural crops. The theoretical part is devoted to a brief characteristics of pesticides, their sublethal effects on non-target organisms and the importance of spiders as natural regulators of pests in agroecosystems. The practical part describes the experiment whereconventionally used agrochemicals were tested the influence of the herbicide and desiccant Basta 15, the Arrest preparation and their combination (mixture Basta 15 + Arrest) on spiders genus Pardosa. I focused on the side effects of these solutions, specifically on the modification of predatory behavior and on the mortality of spiders. It has been shown that agrochemicals affect the predation successfulness of spiders. From the short term and the long term point of view, it has been shown that spiders treated with the tested preparations killed less prey than the individuals in the control group which were treated only with distilled water. The dependence of mortality and the number of killed prey on the size and sex has not been proved. Preparations Basta 15 and the mixture caused significantly higher mortality of spiders. The Arrest preparation did not increase the mortality.

The aim of the thesis is to learn basic information about mediche in general and the impact of media on children's aggression elementary school. The theoretical section defines the basic concepts ? media, mass media and aggression. It also discusses the psychology of the group studied, the effects and deal with the impact of media is the most popular media among children on elementary school. In the practical part I investigate how children prefer to spend their leisure time, whether playing computer games and sitting at the internet is really that popular activity. Finally, I find that it is not indifferent to parents what their children are doing in their free time, all using the questionnaire in the fifth elementary school classrooms. In conclusion verifying hypotheses set.

The main objective of this thesis was to substitute beet sugar with Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni plant extract, and to assess effect of this substitution on sensory quality of selected products. Ten different samples of cherry jam were produced, using different combination of sweeteners in each of them. As sweeteners, beet sugar and Stevia leaf extract was used. This stevia leaf extract is even 400 times sweeter than common sugar. All samples of jam underwent sensory analysis and results have been graphically processed. The results has shown that Stevia has certain effect on sensory quality.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to assess clinical presentation of early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disoders (EO-SSD), the time to first improvement and efficacy associated with selected atypical (AAPs) and typical (TAPs) antipsychotics, as well as two main side effects - weight gain and treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs) during the treatment in patients with EO-SSD. METHODS: This was a systematic chart review of all patients receiving routine clinical care in our department, with selected AAPs (risperidone, olanzapine, ziprasidone, quetiapine and clozapine) and TAPs (haloperidol, perphenazine and sulpiride), for schizophrenic psychoses, between 1997 and 2007. During this period, our review identified 173 patients (85 males, 88 females; mean age 15.8±1.6 years); their treatment included 297 treatment trials. Data on premorbid adjustment, prodromal symptoms and psychopathology at admission, as well as comorbidity were evaluated based on the patients' medical records. The time to first improvement could be estimated in 258 treatment trials; of these, 195 (76%) comprised AAPs and 63 (24%) TAPs. The time to first improvement was assessed in agreement with the methodology established for retrospective studies as the number of treatment days prior to the first record of improvement...

Objectives Main objectives of this doctoral thesis were to review available information on pharmacological properties of benzodiazepines and their age-related changes; to evaluate the prevalence of benzodiazepine use in older patients residing in long term care facilities; to investigate the association between use of benzodiazepines and occurrence of falls in acutely hospitalized older patients; and to describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic. Methods A narrative review of literature focused on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects and association of benzodiazepines with falls in older population was conducted. The evaluation of benzodiazepine use in long term care facilities was analysed in a retrospective cross-sectional study using data from the EC 7th Framework Program SHELTER project (Service and Health in the Elderly in Long Term Care). A prospective cohort study data of acutely hospitalized patients in Australia were used to evaluate association between benzodiazepines and falls. To describe utilization of benzodiazepines in the Czech Republic, data from the State Institute for Drug Control and from databases of General Health Insurance Fund were used. This dissertation thesis is a summary of published articles from above stated works and analyses. Results...

ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Background: The clinical efficacy of tamoxifen therapy may be modified by the drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporting molecules involved into the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CYP2D6, ABCB1 polymorhisms and comedication with efficacy and safety of tamoxifen treatment. Methods: Totally 258 women with hormonal positive breast carcinoma were retrospectively evaluated in relation to CYP2D6, ABCB1 polymorphisms and comedication. Results: CYP2D6 polymorphisms or co-medication affecting CYP2D6 activity demonstrated no statistically significant effect on the efficacy of tamoxifen therapy or adverse event incidence; there was only a trend towards shortening the time to event (TTE) in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers. ABCB1 polymorphism rs2032582 was not associated with clinical outcomes, while a trend towards an increase of TTE in variant allele carriers was noted. The ABCB1 polymorphism rs1045642 demonstrated statistical significance in premenopausal patients (p = 0.0012, HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.21 to 2.31), and its significant association was noted with gynaecological /vasomotor adverse events (p = 0.0221, HR = 1.0588), with no evidence of the influence on the incidence and onset of venous complications. Conclusions: Although this work did not show...

The aim of the thesis is to create methodological papers that will serve to teach or practice massage. There is outlined the history and the beginning of the word massage. There are deseribed the masseur touches, their technique and indications. The suitability and unsuitability of massage, effects, effects on the human body. It lists and uses of funds and equipment for sports massage. Based on the literature and captured images are developed methodology sheets for your convenience and are accompanied by photographs. The leaves have been tested in practice, a masseur in the fitness center.

This thesis is engaged in the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrimidines with anti- inflammatory properties. Such molecules can inhibit production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The aim of this study was to enhance water-solubility and anti-inflammatory efficacy of such derivatives via structural modifications of the lead scaffold. Among applied synthetic tools, the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling was the prevalent reaction, however, many other synthetic procedures (Heck reaction, condensation, borylation, ozonolysis, nucleophilic substitution, etc.) were utilized as well. Overall, 43 final products were prepared. The anti-inflammatory efficacy (inhibition of PGE2 production) was successfully increased as the most potent compound achieved three orders of magnitude higher activity compared to the current lead structure WQE-134. Furthermore, no general influence of the length of the substituent in the C5 position of pyrimidine (C5pyr) on the anti-inflammatory efficacy of synthesized compounds was observed. Significant bioavailability obstacle in future development of the current lead WQE-134 is its poor solubility which was successfully enhanced by introduction of heteroatom bearing moieties to C5pyr. The most water-soluble compound achieved two orders of magnitude higher solubility than WQE-134 while...

The analysis "Framing of immigration in Czech daily newspapers" reveals how Czech daily newspapers framed so called migration crisis in Europe in 2015 when the immi- gration issue belonged to the most important issues in both Czech and foreign news media. This thesis draws from theoretical and analytical concept of media framing and concept of Agenda setting which deal with aspects used by media in describing reality, and their media effects on public opinion. Quantitative content analysis of five national daily newspapers revealed that immi- gration issue was represented mainly as international political problem, followed by security threat as the second most frequent topic of news on immigration. In almost all news articles the immigration issue was framed as problem, whereas cause frame and solution frame were present in approximately a quarter of news on immigration. Czech and foreign politicians and government sources were the most cited or para- phrased actors in Czech daily newspapers. On the other hand, refugees, immigrants and ci- tizens were less frequent speakers, and experts rarely commented on the issue of immigration in Czech daily newspapers. Further results of this analysis revealed that thematic framing rather than episodic was prevalent in immigration news, and human interest...