The main purpose of this diploma thesis is to obtain information on how Matfyz can improve its cooperation with high school students and their physics teachers to increase students' interest in physics. To obtain these information a questionnaire was sent to physics teachers, who had been mentioned by Matfyz students as teachers who had had a positive effect on them. The questionnaire itself consists of four parts - events for students, events for physics teachers, Mat- fyz activities, and teaching. The data was processed using both quantitative and qualitative methods, whereas larger part of research was build on quantitative methods. The collected data showed that according to respondents the most im- portant task is to focus on non-Prague students. Thus, organizers should organize events in various places in the Czech Republic or use modern technologies and organize events on-line (that also applies to events for physics teachers). High school students might also meet with scientists and university physics students, visit laboratories except for visitors' days (e. g. during excursions, internships) or have an opportunity to find out how physics in companies is used. Respondents expressed support for writing a new physics textbook on Matfyz, one containing more difficult parts for talented students.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of work with illustration in kindergarten as support to understanding a text that is read aloud. The aim is to design and verify methods of working with illustrations in kindergarten that support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I deal with illustration, visual literacy, method of working with a book, understanding a text (read aloud) and the characteristics of preschool children with regard to the topic of the thesis. Subsequently, I apply this knowledge in the practical implementations. In the practical part, I propose and verify methods of working with illustration in kindergarten which should support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. The thesis is focused on qualitative research in which I compared differences between research and experimental group sample. First, I tested the level of skill of all twenty children when working with illustrations and understanding of a text read aloud (both research and experimental group samples). Then I put together seven preparations where I focused on the development of reading strategies and I supported the children in the understanding of the text read aloud on the basis of selected expected outcomes...

The thesis is focused on the use of the Marie Montessori method at the second stage of the primary school. The first part explains the principles of Montessori education and training, including the introduction of appropriate didactic recommendations. There are mentioned possibilities of project teaching and description of the cooking project that is the subject of the research. The aim of this work was to find out what changes pupils perceive after completing the annual cooking project. The results showed that pupils learned how to cook, work in a team and how to resolve conflicts. They started eating more vegetables. Cooking is fun. In the future, pupils want to choose whether or not to participate in the project.

<p>У раду се разматра проблем инклузије деце са тешкоћама у развоју у<br />редовне основне школе, кроз сагледавање основних могућности и ограничења за<br />овај процес у нашим основним школама. У теоријском делу рада бавили смо се<br />теоријским полазиштима истраживања, појмовним одређењима, терминологијом и<br />класификацијом деце са тешкоћама у развоју и њиховим положајем у друштву. Дат<br />је приказ различитих модела образовања ове деце и правних докумената који<br />подржавају инклузију. Посебно је размотрен проблем инклузивног образовања и<br />приказано је стање у нашој земљи у погледу образовања ове деце. Анализирани су<br />основни аспекти инклузивног образовања: ставовско-вредносне орјентације према<br />овој деци, улоге наставника и специфичности наставе, интеракције деце са<br />тешкоћама у развоју и вршњака и партнерство школе и родитеља деце са<br />тешкоћама у развоју. Дат је приказ сродних истраживања обављених у нашој<br />земљи и окружењу. У другом делу рада приказано је истраживања које је за циљ<br />имало утвђивање могућности и ограничења укључивања деце са тешкоћама у<br />развоју у редовне основне школе на основу испитивања ставова, искустава и<br />мишљења учитеља, наставника, директора, стручних сарадника и родитеља остале<br />деце о овом процесу, имплицитних педагогија наставника и процена фактора који<br />могу да олакшају или отежају овај процес. Зависне варијабле истраживања су<br />доведене у везу са реализацијом пилот-пројекта инклузивног образовања,<br />образовним профилом, дужином радног стажа и образовним нивоом родитеља.<br />Указано је на кључне могућности и ограничења за укључивање деце са тешкоћама<br />у развоју у нашим школама. Резултати указују на то да је пилот-пројекат<br />инклузивног образовања имао позитиван утицај на ставове наставника и родитеља<br />према овом процесу. Дате су препоруке за припрему школа и наставника као и<br />смернице за даља истраживања у овој области. Главне практичне импликације<br />истраживања односе се на иницијално образовање наставника и њихово даље<br />стручно усавршавање у овој области.</p> / <p>U radu se razmatra problem inkluzije dece sa teškoćama u razvoju u<br />redovne osnovne škole, kroz sagledavanje osnovnih mogućnosti i ograničenja za<br />ovaj proces u našim osnovnim školama. U teorijskom delu rada bavili smo se<br />teorijskim polazištima istraživanja, pojmovnim određenjima, terminologijom i<br />klasifikacijom dece sa teškoćama u razvoju i njihovim položajem u društvu. Dat<br />je prikaz različitih modela obrazovanja ove dece i pravnih dokumenata koji<br />podržavaju inkluziju. Posebno je razmotren problem inkluzivnog obrazovanja i<br />prikazano je stanje u našoj zemlji u pogledu obrazovanja ove dece. Analizirani su<br />osnovni aspekti inkluzivnog obrazovanja: stavovsko-vrednosne orjentacije prema<br />ovoj deci, uloge nastavnika i specifičnosti nastave, interakcije dece sa<br />teškoćama u razvoju i vršnjaka i partnerstvo škole i roditelja dece sa<br />teškoćama u razvoju. Dat je prikaz srodnih istraživanja obavljenih u našoj<br />zemlji i okruženju. U drugom delu rada prikazano je istraživanja koje je za cilj<br />imalo utvđivanje mogućnosti i ograničenja uključivanja dece sa teškoćama u<br />razvoju u redovne osnovne škole na osnovu ispitivanja stavova, iskustava i<br />mišljenja učitelja, nastavnika, direktora, stručnih saradnika i roditelja ostale<br />dece o ovom procesu, implicitnih pedagogija nastavnika i procena faktora koji<br />mogu da olakšaju ili otežaju ovaj proces. Zavisne varijable istraživanja su<br />dovedene u vezu sa realizacijom pilot-projekta inkluzivnog obrazovanja,<br />obrazovnim profilom, dužinom radnog staža i obrazovnim nivoom roditelja.<br />Ukazano je na ključne mogućnosti i ograničenja za uključivanje dece sa teškoćama<br />u razvoju u našim školama. Rezultati ukazuju na to da je pilot-projekat<br />inkluzivnog obrazovanja imao pozitivan uticaj na stavove nastavnika i roditelja<br />prema ovom procesu. Date su preporuke za pripremu škola i nastavnika kao i<br />smernice za dalja istraživanja u ovoj oblasti. Glavne praktične implikacije<br />istraživanja odnose se na inicijalno obrazovanje nastavnika i njihovo dalje<br />stručno usavršavanje u ovoj oblasti.</p> / <p>This paper discusses the problem of inclusion of children with developmental<br />difficulties in regular primary schools through obtaining an insight into basic possibilities<br />and limitations of this process in our primary schools. In theoretical part of the paper, we<br />dealt with theoretical starting points for the research, definition of concepts, terminology<br />and classification of children with developmental difficulties and their position in the<br />society. We provided an overview of different models of education for these children and<br />legal documents supporting the inclusion. The problem of inclusive education was given<br />special consideration and the situation in our country regarding the education of these<br />children was presented. The basic aspects of inclusive education were analysed:<br />attitudinal-value orientations towards these children, roles of teachers and peculiarities of<br />instruction, interactions of children with developmental difficulties with their peers, and<br />partnership between school and parents of these children. We provided an overview of<br />similar research studies published in our country and the surroundings. In the second part<br />of the paper, we presented the research whose goal was to establish the possibilities and<br />limitations of the inclusion of children with developmental difficulties in regular primary<br />schools based on studying the attitudes, experiences and opinions of teachers, principals,<br />expert associates and parents of other children about this process, the implicit pedagogies<br />of teachers and assessment of factors that can facilitate or aggravate this process.<br />Dependent variables in the research are linked with the implementation of the pilotproject<br />of inclusive education, educational profile, years of service, and educational level<br />of parents. It is pointed out to the key possibilities and limitations of the inclusion of<br />children with developmental difficulties in our schools. The results indicate that the pilotproject<br />of inclusive education had a positive influence on attitudes of teachers and parents<br />towards this process. Recommendations for preparation of schools and teachers are<br />provided, as well as the guidelines for further research in this area. The main practical<br />implications of the research refer to the initial education of teachers and their further<br />professional improvement in this field.</p>

THE ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the life of children with communicative disability during their education at primary school. It defines communicative disability, etiology, forms and treatment of speech disorders, and further characterizes three specific forms of communicative disability - developmental dysphasia, balbuties and tumultus sermonis. The thesis also presents the specifics of the developmental stage of younger school age, considering the development of children with communicative disability, and tries to clarify what are currently possible ways of educating children with speech disorders. At the same time it outlines the influence of the family environment on the child with communicative disability, its current possibilities and transformations. It uses information mainly from publications dealing with speech therapy and publications dealing with the development and education of children, primarily the children with speech disorders. Moreover it discovers how parents perceive their child with communicative disability in the context of education at primary schools. It examines what type of education parents chose for their child and what are the reasons, and also how the child feels in a class group or a group of peers according to his parents. It is searching for what parents believe is the...

(in English) In the text of this diploma thesis, the author deals with the realization of healthy lifestyle education within the family and the school. Firstly, this thesis sorts accessible information about health and a healthy lifestyle. It looks into the family and school environments, their interaction, and the possibilities to a healthy lifestyle. It describes the main principles of the "Healthy School" program, a health support program, in the following areas: environment, healthy teaching and learning, and open partnership. The aim of the thesis was to determine whether the elementary school Lesní in Liberec still employs the Healthy School program, which it has been involved in since 2002, for its healthy lifestyle teaching. Structured observation via observation sheets, in-depth interview and school documents analysis were used in the case study. The findings are stated in the practical part of the thesis which brings a real perspective on the healthy lifestyle education on the particular school and the issues that may be connected with it.

This thesis deals with the character of leisure activities offered by kindergartens in České Budějovice. The theoretical part characterizes interest and leisure activities in the general meaning and in a child at preschool age. Next, it describes the relationship of the areas of leisure activities and the areas of preschool education. The practical part - research - presents the characteristics of leisure activities offered in kindergartens in České Budějovice, the extra activities offered, the reasons for their use, and their specific form. The data collected is interpreted in the context of leisure pedagogy and preschool pedagogy.

<p>У раду су приказани резултати програмираног физичког вежбања са акцентом на покретне игре са циљем развоја моторичких способности, морфолошких карактеристика и усвајања почетних математичких појмова код деце првог разреда основне школе. Теоријске основе постављене су на основу Блумове таксономије и повезаности наставе физичког васпитања и математике у корелацијско-интеграцијском методичком систему. Резултати истраживања показују да постоји позитиван утицај програмираног физичког вежбања на варијабле моторичког и математичког простора и да постоје статистички значајне разлике између испитаника и испитаница експерименталне и контролне групе у наведеним просторима у корист експерименталне групе. На основу добијених резултата је добијена повезаност наставе физичког васпитања и математике односно потврђено је да се кроз садржаје физичког васпитања може утицати на усвајање почетних математичких појмова у првом разреду основне школе.</p> / <p>U radu su prikazani rezultati programiranog fizičkog vežbanja sa akcentom na pokretne igre sa ciljem razvoja motoričkih sposobnosti, morfoloških karakteristika i usvajanja početnih matematičkih pojmova kod dece prvog razreda osnovne škole. Teorijske osnove postavljene su na osnovu Blumove taksonomije i povezanosti nastave fizičkog vaspitanja i matematike u korelacijsko-integracijskom metodičkom sistemu. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da postoji pozitivan uticaj programiranog fizičkog vežbanja na varijable motoričkog i matematičkog prostora i da postoje statistički značajne razlike između ispitanika i ispitanica eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe u navedenim prostorima u korist eksperimentalne grupe. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata je dobijena povezanost nastave fizičkog vaspitanja i matematike odnosno potvrđeno je da se kroz sadržaje fizičkog vaspitanja može uticati na usvajanje početnih matematičkih pojmova u prvom razredu osnovne škole.</p>

This thesis deals with the use of comic adaptations in literary lessons at primary and secondary schools. The aim of this work is to map available comic adaptations of literary works written by Czech authors. The comic adaptations of Franz Kafka's novella The Metamorphosis will be evaluated based on pre-selected criteria. Part of the work will also be a comparison of the original text with the selected comic adaptation and noting the changes in the fictional world created by transferring it to the comic medium. The work will help teachers to understand the theory of comics. Theoretical knowledge will be applied in the creation of two teaching blocks built for the purposes of literary education at primary and secondary schools. The concrete implementation of both teaching blocks in practice will be compared.

This diploma thesis deals with problematics of sexual education at primary schools. Its aim is to make an overview of the problematics concerning two chosen primary schools, find out about their attitude towards this field and try to analyse real needs of pupils attending them. This diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with a term of sexual education and its importance in modern society. Other chapters emphasize sexual education in families, at schools and their participation in curricular documents. The practical part deals with a research of real conditions of sexual education at two already chosen primary schools and it tries to find out about these schools' attitudes towards the problematics. It also tries to find out about real needs of pupils in this area and about their knowledge of sexual education not only from their school's point of view, but also that of their families.