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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Φυσική και μηχανική συμπεριφορά πετρωμάτων / Physical and mechanical behavior of rocks

Δασκαλόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος 14 February 2012 (has links)
Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εξετάζει τα φυσικά και μηχανικά χαρακτηριστικά του βραχώδους υλικού δύο διαφορετικών πετρωμάτων και συγκεκριμένα ψαμμιτών και γρανιτών. Οι ψαμμίτες προέρχονται από πέντε (5) επιλεγμένες θέσεις δειγματοληψίας σε αντίστοιχες θέσεις της Δ. Ελλάδας, από την ακολουθία του φλύσχη που ανήκει και στις τρεις αντιπροσωπευτικές γεωτεκτονικές ζώνες της ευρύτερης περιοχής. Η δειγματοληψία έγινε σε βραχώδη δείγματα μεγάλων διαστάσεων (block samples) και στη συνέχεια διαμορφώθηκαν κυλινδρικά δείγματα με εργαστηριακή καροταρία. Οι γρανίτες προέρχονται από δείγματα σημαντικού αριθμού δειγματοληπτικών γεωτρήσεων που εκτελέστηκαν στα πλαίσια της γεωτεχνικής έρευνας θεμελίωσης αιολικού πάρκου (ανεμογεννητριών) στην περιοχή Πισοδερίου Φλώρινας. Η εργαστηριακή έρευνα περιλάμβανε την προσέγγιση κυρίως της φυσικής συμπεριφοράς των ψαμμιτών με «μη καταστρεπτικές δοκιμές» σε 16 κυλινδρικά διαμορφωμένα δείγματα, ενώ για τους γρανίτες και συγκεκριμένα σε 120 κυλινδρικά δείγματα, έμφαση δόθηκε στις μηχανικές ιδιότητες η οποίες και απαιτούνται για τον ορθολογικό σχεδιασμό του συγκεκριμένου τεχνικού έργου. Οι ψαμμίτες ήταν κυρίως χαλαζιακοί, ασβεστιτικοί – χαλαζιακοί και αρκόζες. Τις χαμηλότερες τιμές ταχύτητας υπερήχων και σκληρότητας παρουσιάζουν οι αρκόζες, ενώ αντίθετα οι χαλαζιακοί ψαμμίτες εμφανίζονται σαν μέτρια σκληροί και με αρκετά χαμηλά πορώδη. Οι γρανίτες εμφανίζονται συνήθως σκληροί, υψηλής – πολύ υψηλής αντοχής με τιμές λόγου μέτρου (MR) να κυμαίνονται από περίπου 600 μέχρι <50. Ο σημαντικός αριθμός εργαστηριακών μετρήσεων κυρίως των παραμέτρων αντοχής επέτρεψε την στατιστική επεξεργασία τους και τη διατύπωση εμπειρικών σχέσεων γενικής εφαρμογής που χαρακτηρίζουν το συγκεκριμένο πέτρωμα. / This thesis examines the physical and mechanical characteristics of the rocky material of two different rocks and specifically sandstones and granites. The sandstones come from five (5) selected sampling sites in corresponding locations of Western Greece, from the sequence of flysch that belongs to all three representative geotectonic zones of the surrounding area. The sampling was done in large rock samples (block samples) and then formed cylindrical samples with laboratory karotaria. The granite samples come from a large number of sample drillings that carried out under the geotechnical research foundation of a wind farm (wind turbines) in Pissoderi Florina. The laboratory investigation included the main approach of the physical behavior of sandstones with "non-destructive testing" in 16 cylindrical shaped samples, while for the granite and specifically for 120 cylindrical samples, emphasis was placed on the mechanical characteristics which are necessary for the rational design of this specific technical project. The sandstones were mainly quartz, limestone - quartz and arkozes. The lowest ultrasound speed value and hardness show the arkozes, while the quartz sandstones appear as medium hard and relatively low porous. The granites usually appear tough, high - very high resistance to ratio value measure (MR) ranging from about 600 to <50. The large number of laboratory measurements of the parameters, mainly resistance’s, allowed the statistical processing and the formulation of empirical relationships of general application that characterize this rock.
2

Numerical Investigation of Rock Support Arches

Rentzelos, Theofanis January 2019 (has links)
The Garpenberg mine, owned by the Boliden Mining group, has established a trial area at Dammsjön orebody in order to examine the possibility of increasing the productivity of the mine. The mine uses the rill mining method with a current rill height of 15 m. In order to increase the productivity, the mine is examining the possibility of increasing the height of the rill. The trial area is located at 882 m depth surrounded by dolomite on the hangingwall and quartzitic rock on the footwall side. Rock support arches have been installed, in addition to the regular support pattern, to test their effectiveness on stabilizing the ground around the drifts. The arches have been installed in every 6 m and every 3 m in different parts of the test area. Rock samples from the trial area were brought to the university laboratory for testing. The data gathered from the laboratory tests along with the data from the monitoring of the trial area were used to develop a calibrated numerical model. A three-dimensional (3-D) model was therefore created, by using the FLAC3D numerical code. After the calibration of the model a parametric study was conducted for different rill heights and different arch spacing to investigate the performance of the arches. Specifically, the case of no arch installation along with the cases of an installed arch every 6 m and 3 m were tested, for the rill heights of 15 m, 20 m, 25 m and 30 m. The study concluded that the arches assisted in reducing the ground convergence in the production drift. The results also showed that the total height of the rill bench yields regardless of its height. After the yielding, the rockmass can no longer support itself and caves under its own weight. The larger the rill height, the larger the volume of loose rock that has to be supported and thus, higher the convergence. Furthermore, it was also observed that, significant amount of convergence in the production drift occurred during the drifting of the top drive and less during the stoping of the rill bench. This indicates that, the timely installation of the arches is an important criterion for their performance.

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