本研究以「傳記式問卷」作為預測變項，來探討「傳記式問卷」與大專生「職業選擇」間的關係。 在本研究中，樣本為375名大學生，分別施予「傳記式問卷」及「職業探索量表」。本研究以「職業探索量表」的結果來表示大專生之「職業選擇」，根據Holland的理論，研究者提出三個假設：(1)傳記式問卷資料是否能預測試式者所屬之職業興趣類型；(2)不同職業興趣類型的受試者其生活經驗亦有所不同( 3)Holland六角型模式檢驗──不同職業興趣類型間的差異度，會隨著Holland所提之六角型模式上相鄰距離之不同，而有所不同。 研究結果顯示：(1)「傳記式問卷資料」對受試者所屬之職業興趣類型有良好的預測力；(2)六組職業興趣類型的受試者，在某些生活經驗上有所不同的； (3)不同職業興趣類型間的差異程度，並沒有符合Holland的六角型模式。

本研究主要目的為發展一套有系統、適合用來甄選壽險推銷員的傳記式問卷，並進一步探討該問卷的信度以及其對於壽險推銷員表現的同時效度。 本研究之傳記式問卷共計十個向度，研究者以此為預測變項，探討本問卷與壽險業務員表現的關係。其中，以職等、任期、個人所得、保單成交件數、離職傾向、公司認同及工作滿意七個效標來代表業務員的表現。 本研究正式施測人數713人，有效樣本686人，其中，任期超過一年者390人，為本研究之效度分析樣本。結果顯示，本研究所編製之傳記式問卷內部一致性信度約為.6左右(N=686)，再測信度則約為 .8 (N = 31) 。同時效度方面，以職等、任期、個人所得、保單成交件數、離職傾向、公司認同及工作滿意七個效標，針對北南不同地區業務員，分別求取其迴歸係數。就北部地區而言(N=268)，效度係數中數為.45 ；就南部地區而言(N=132)，效度係數中數為.44。最後研究者提出本研究之限制，與學術研究及實務應用之建議。 / Although biographical information have been shown to be valid predictorsin selection,they have rarely been used in Taiwan, especially in practical field. Toward this end, 713 life insurance salesmen were asked to fill in the biographical inventory to provide personal life history data and 7 easures of the salesmen's performance (tenure,job level, earnings, the number of dealing, intent to leave, identification with the company, and job satisfaction)and 686 were valid. Totlally there are 101 items which can be divided to ten .dimensions in the inventory. The Cronbach alpha value is about .6 (N=686), and retest reliability is about .8 (N=31). Multiple regression analyses of the the factors scores against each of criterion easures of perfromance yield median correlation of .45 (N=268) for the Nouth Taiwan,and .44 (N=168) for the NorthTaiwan. Regression weights were nterpreted to explain the differentialimportance of the factors to the difference performance. The result of the study were interpreted as contributing to the enhanced understanding ofthe life history antecedents of salesmen's performance.

本研究欲探討在模擬甄選情境中，情境因素對降低社會期許之效果。本研究採三因子2×2×2受試者間之實驗設計，所操弄的三個獨變項為： 1.促發(priming)受試者誠實作答的傾向之有無 2.測謊題警告之有無 3.作答時間的限制之有無；依變項為社會期許正、負向題分數與三個人格測驗向度（適應性、親和性、審慎性）的分數。本研究分為研究一、研究二兩階段進行。研究一之受試者包括企業應徵者81人與國小實習老師92人，研究結果顯示：三個獨變項中，只在有「測謊題警告」情境下能顯著降低社會期許正向題的分數。「時間限制」則在無「促發」之情況下，會提升「親和性」人格之分數。針對研究一的結果，研究者改變「促發」與「時間限制」的操弄方式，其它研究程序相同，進行研究二。研究二之受試者為503位大學生，研究結果顯示：「促發」會提升社會期許負向題的分數，且在有「時間限制」、無「警告」的情況下，亦可提升「適應性」分數。「測謊題警告」可降低社會期許正向題的分數，並有降低「親和性」分數之趨勢。「時間限制」仍然沒有任何效果。 研究者分別就研究一、研究二之結果加以討論並提出可能的解釋。此外，研究者亦嘗試驗證與討論社會期許量表中正向題與負向題之建構。最後研究者檢討本研究之限制，並對未來之研究方向提出若干建議。 / The influence of three situational factors on reducing social desirability bias under simulated selection context was investigated in 2 studies. A 2×2×2 experimental design was used in these 2 studies. The three independent variables were: 1.’’Priming’’ the honest responding tendency. 2.Warning of having a lie scale. 3.Time limit for each question. The dependent variables included: 1.Two dimension scores of social desirability scale (positive keying items and negative keying items). 2.Scores of three personality dimensions (adjustment, likeability, prudence). Subjects of study1 were 81 job applicants and 92 elementary school interns. The results indicated that “warning of having a lie scale” could reduce the scores of positive keying social desirability scale. “Time limit” increased the scores of “likeability” under “no priming” situation. According to the results of study1, the author modified the manipulations of “priming” and “time limit”, and conducted study2. The subjects of study2 were 503 college students. The results indicated that “priming” could increase the scores of negative keying social desirability scale. “Priming” also increased the scores of “adjustment” under “time limit” and “no warning” situation. “Warning of having a lie scale” could reduce the scores of positive keying social desirability scale, and also had the trend to reduce the scores of “likeability”. “Time limit” still didn’t have any main effect on dependent measures. Base on the results for study1 and study2, the author discussed the effects of 3 situational factors on reducing social desirability bias, and also tried to clarify the construct validity of two-dimensional social desirability scale. The author also discussed the limitations of the present research, and made some suggestions for future research.