1 |
臺北市明星國中學區房價分析-兼論十二年國教之影響 / A Study of Housing Price of Popular Junior High School Districts in Taipei-Impact of 12-year Compulsory Education張晏瑞, Chang, Yen Jui Unknown Date (has links)
過去已有諸多研究證實位於明星國中學區之住宅相較於普通學區之住宅擁有較高的價格。然而,我國於103 年(2014 年)起實施十二年國教政策,其最大變革即是提供免試入學,則該政策是否會動搖明星國中之優勢,進而衝擊明星國中學區的房價應有探討之必要。本文取自實價登錄資料庫之資料,並以2012年8月至2016年底台北市明星學區及其周遭普通學區為地理範圍,建立特徵價格理論之傳統迴歸模型、空間迴歸模型與分量迴歸模型,探討以額滿學校與高升學率之不同定義下明星國中學區對房價之影響,再結合差異中之差異法,觀察十二年國教實施後是否會打破臺北市明星學區的溢價迷思。
根據實證結果顯示,額滿學校與高升學率學校將分別使學區住宅每坪價格上升1.9%-5.3%與5.3%-14.2%,顯示消費者對於高升學率學校有較高之偏好。然而,隨著住宅價格上升,明星學區的溢價卻隨之下降。而十二年國教實施後,僅對位於明星學區2 的住宅產生顯著負面影響,每坪價格下跌1.6%-2.4%;而對明星學區1 之住宅價格則未有顯著影響。本研究推測原因應為十二年國教對於高中職入學篩選標準之改變對高升學率學校有較大之影響,而額滿學校因多數為完全中學國中部,有特殊之直升管道,故受政策影響不大。此外,本研究也發現使用升學率高低作為明星學校之標準比是否為額滿學校更符合消費者之認知且與國外定義較相近。 / In the past, many studies have confirmed that the house in the popular school district has a higher price than the ordinary school district. However, since the implementation of the 12-Year Compulsory Education Policy in 2014, it provided the exam-free admission, and whether the policy will impact the housing prices of the popular schools districts should be discussed. In this paper, we use the full-school and the high enrolment rate school as the popular school, and analysis the popular school district of housing price by using hedonic price theory OLS, spatial and quantile regression as model, and selecting the sale price of real estate in Taipei city from August 2012 to December 2016 as sample. Besides, we also applied Difference-in-Differences method with spatial regression to analyze whether the 12-Year Compulsory Education Policy will reduce the Popular School premium of Taipei.
According to the empirical results, housing price in the full-school district has 1.9%-5.3% premium per floor, and high enrolment rate school has 5.3% -14.2% premium per floor, showing that consumers prefer high enrolment rate school. However, with the rise in housing prices, the premium of the popular school district has fallen. In addition, after the implementation of the 12-Year Compulsory Education, only a significant negative impact on the housing price in the school district of high enrolment rate school, the price fell 1.6% -2.4% per floor; and the housing prices of full-school district were not significantly affected. We speculate that the reason should be 12-Year Compulsory Education of entrance examination of high school changes, resulting high enrolment rate schools have a greater impact. On the contrary, the majority of the full-school is affiliated junior high school, it has a special way to enter a higher school, so little impact on the policy.
|
2 |
十二年國教新課綱對教科書編寫與審定運作之影響—以社會領域為中心 / How 12-year Basic Education Curriculum Guide Influences Editing, Writing and Accrediting of Textbooks: A Case Study on Social Studies Textbooks俞文婕, Yu, WenJie Unknown Date (has links)
自2011年「十二年國民基本教育實施計畫」核定之後,課綱的修訂也隨之而來,在這次修訂的十二年國教社會領綱草案中,不但包含總綱所強調的以學習者為主體、素養導向的精神;也有其領域特色,例如將原本的單元式內容編排改為主題式、強調探究與實作的活動設計、以及跨科目的橫向連結等等。對於教科書的編寫與審定而言,教科書的編纂需以課綱之規範為憑依,而課綱亦為教科書實質審查的主要依據,當課綱有所改變時,教科書的編、審不可避免地受其影響。
本研究旨在了解普通型高中教科書審定制度實務運作的現況、困境,並以十二年國教新課綱為焦點,分析其對教科書編寫與審定運作的影響,進一步了解既有問題是否因課綱的轉變及相關的配套措施而獲得改善?抑或者是產生新的問題需要處理?而本研究參考Winter, S(1990)政策執行整合模式的變項,轉化為探究十二年國教新課綱對教科書編寫與審定之影響的基本架構,並透過文獻分析、深度訪談來進行資料蒐集。
藉由上述方式,本研究發現,過去高中教科書在審查運作上有溝通沒有效率、審查缺乏一致性、以審代編等困境;而新課綱亦對教科書的編審帶來如何正確理解新課綱、如何將課綱精準轉化為教科書、教科書審查的範圍與方式等挑戰。對此,政府在教科書編寫進行前,有舉辦出版社工作坊、發展教材與教學模組等協助措施;在三方座談前,有提高課綱研修委員在審查委員中的比例、建立共同審查基準、舉辦審查委員說明會等規劃;在審定開始前則有三方座談的安排,此外也對高中的教科用書審定辦法進行調整與修訂。而在新課綱的推動下,教科書審定政策中有三項兩難:課綱是教科書編寫的「天花板」還是「門檻」、素養導向在編審中落實的「教育理想」與「現實考量」、教科書審定制度在「鬆綁」與「緊縮」間的拉扯。然而在領綱還沒正式定案、教科書還沒開始進行編、審時,各項配套措施與準備工作都還在研議或進行中,最後會呈現什麼態樣還待後續的觀察。
|
Page generated in 0.1033 seconds