本論文是針對一九二○年代台灣人在政治社會運動中所培養形成的「台灣共同體意識」，以及列寧主義的「殖民地解放」論述的分析，來解釋日治時期台灣共產黨之所以會提出「台灣民族獨立」論述的原因，以及該論述主張的內涵與意義。 台共之所以會提出「台灣民族獨立」論述，是因為在日本殖民統治之下台灣人逐漸形成了「台灣共同體意識」。而為了實現脫離日本帝國的統治，達成「台灣是台灣人的台灣」的目的，運用了符合台灣當時情況的列寧主義的「殖民地解放」論述，所形成的一套「台灣獨立」的主張。 在一九二一年開始推動「台灣議會設置請願運動」，打出了「台灣是台灣人的台灣」的響亮口號之後，台灣人逐漸開始覺醒，慢慢的凝聚了台灣人的「台灣共同體意識」。然而，雖然同樣是出於「台灣共同體意識」，但透過對社會主義的信仰、透過對國際共產主義的「殖民地解放」論述的期待，使得台灣的左派產生與右派保守主義完全不同的思維，使左派他們更勇於、更大膽的去想像台灣的未來。而左派這種對台灣未來想像的具體呈現，就是一九二八年台共成立時所提出的「台灣民族獨立」論述。 隨著一九二○年代台灣共同體意識的形成，台灣人努力著多方嘗試為當時的台灣尋找出路。而由於台灣人所具有的台灣共同體意識，使得台灣人產生強烈脫離日本帝國統治的願望，而列寧主義的「殖民地解放」論述就是提供台灣人一個似乎可行的出路。

as English abstract / Oppressed by the severe surveillance of the Japanese police in Taiwan, short-lived Taiwanese Communist Party (TCP) (1928-1931) marked a significant step in the Taiwan’s anti-Japanese movement and social thought. The TCP was the first political organization in Taiwan to put forward the slogan of Taiwan’s independence. Following the Comintern’s activation in the East in 1920s, the first contacts between the Taiwan’s leftists and the Comintern representatives took place in early 1920s. Starting from 1927, the Comintern pursued the policy of activation of the communist movement in the colonies and establishment of communist parties in these countries. Established on the Comintern directive in Shanghai with the help of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and being subordinated to the Japanese Communist Party (JCP), the TCP was developing quite independently under the leadership of Xie Xuehong and in the close alliance with the Taiwan Cultural Association and the Taiwan Peasants Union, until the end of 1930 when the TCP established a contact with the Far Eastern Bureau (FEB) of the Comintern through the TCP Shanghai representative, Weng Zesheng, who served as liaison with the Comintern. As the result, the Comintern activated its work toward Taiwan, started dispatching emissaries to Taiwan who in the framework of the Comintern’s rhetoric of that time promoted the Party’s reform to eliminate the “opportunistic errors”. The activation of the Party’s work followed, the Union for Reorganization was established. The Comintern did not have chance to adjust the activity of the reformed TCP as within few months after the beginning of actual interaction between the Comintern and the TCP, the TCP was destroyed by arrests. The thesis is devoted to the Comintern’s role in the TCP’s establishment, development, reform, establishment of the Union for Reorganization, the Party’s activation and destruction. The research is based on the TCP files deposited in the former archive of the Comintern. The documents include the correspondence of the representative of the TCP, Weng Zesheng, with the Comintern FEB. The correspondence between Weng Zesheng and the FEB sheds light on the inner-party processes in the TCP, clarifies the essence of the inner-party struggle and reform, and explores the role of personal relations in the inner-party struggle which resulted in the UFR establishment without direct involvement of the Comintern. The available now text of the consultations of Weng Zesheng with the CCP representative Qu Qiubai makes it possible to clarify the CCP’s involvement in the TCP’s development and reform and to conclude as to whose directive it was to commence the struggle against Xie Xuehong. The TCP’s history was short but very intensive. Abandoned by its superior, the JCP, and not having relations with the international communist leadership, the TCP suffered lack of the financial and ideological support, and was left for the mercy of unpredictable fate of the exhausting inner factional struggle, still was able to survive under the “white terror” until the Party’s reorganization in 1931. According to the research results, the TCP inner-party struggles during 1928-1931 were in fact the result of resistance to emigrant party groupings who were attempting to take control over the TCP’s Taiwan based Party organization. Neither the JCP and the CCP, nor the Comintern had a real opportunity to influence the activities of the Taiwan-based communists. Taiwan’s communists overseas used the Comintern’s rhetoric and their contacts with the Comintern and the CCP to promote their agenda in the inner-party struggle. The implementation of the plans of Weng Zesheng and the opponents of Xie Xuehong in Taiwan on the Party’s reform and activation led to the Party’s destruction by the Japanese administration.