台灣地區數十年來隨著社會經濟的快速發展，都市計畫地區內之人口數，自民國50年以來，平均每年約以7.45%的速度增加。為了滿足日益增加的都市人口活動需求，故需不斷地在有限的都市土地資源上進行開發活動。然而，由於在規劃、組織、管制等方面的不周延，導致土地開發常缺乏計畫性指導原則，產生例如交通擁擠、環境污染、公共設施與開放空間的不足、生態環境的破壞等許多不同性質的問題，而無法真正健全都市的發展，對於都市型態與都市機能亦產生許多的負面效果。 本研究以台灣地區目前公部門常實施之市地重劃與區段徵收為例，藉由文獻資料的整理分析與問卷深入訪談的方式，探討相關的政府承辦人員及專家學者們對於上述兩種土地開發方式所產生的土地開發問題性質之看法。期以美國成長管理理念為基礎，並透過管理的規劃、組織、指導、管制四大功能的分析，提出成長管理策略與相關配合措施之建議，俾指導土地開發活動的進行得以滿足促進都市發展，健全都市機能的目標。 本研究基於上述的理念，對於市地重劃與區段徵收所產生之土地開發問題的分析，研擬適當的成長管理策略，作為政府在土地開發管理上的參考。首先在規劃方面應建立明確的土地開發原則，配合相關技術工具的實行，以指導土地開發活動的進行；在組織方面應加強各相關單位之協調整合；在管制方面則是擬定適當的管制性計畫並透過電腦技術的運用，監測與掌控土地開發的速度與都市發展、公共設施之間的配合；在指導方面則是須有效整合土地開發各相關單位之意見及解決其發生之衝突，清楚界定土地開發相關單位間的權責以達成彼此間的共識。此外，亦須加強民眾在土地開發過程中的參與機制，以爭取民眾的支持而減少土地開發所受到的阻力。 / For decades, Taiwan has experienced rapid social and economic development. Since 1961, the population has increased about 7.45 percent annually in the urban planned districts. In order to accommodate the increasing urban population and activities, it has to develop scarce land resources. However, weakness in existing planning systems, government structure, policy context, and control strategies for managing development and growth has led to many problems, such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, public facility provision, open space deficiency, and ecological environment destruction. Those problems produce negative impacts on urban development, urban pattern, and urban firnction. Based upon the functions of management, such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, this study investigates the problems of urban development in Taiwan, particular in the development by urban land consolidation and zone expropriation programs. The approaches of literature review and questionnaire are adopted in order to understand deeply the problems of land development in Taiwan. Furthermore, the strategies of growth management of American experiences are discussed. Finally, some practical suggestions for land development in Taiwan are presented. This thesis explores the background of existing problems related to urban land consolidation and zone expropriation programs and develop workable growth management strategies and suggestions. First, in planning aspect, government should establish clear land development principles associated with relative technical tools to guide development which is satisfactory in timing, location, and quantity. Second, in organizing aspects, government should bring more about integration and coordination among relative institutions to yield administrative efficiency. Third, as for controlling aspects, government should develop feasible land use plans and apply the computer techniques for monitoring land development pace and service level. Fourth, in leading aspects, government should regulate the clear responsibilities among relevant institutions and resolve the possible conflicts to bring more about consensus. Finally, government should strengthen citizen participation in the land development process to win public support.

伴隨著永續發展思潮之興起，「大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-oriented development, TOD）」已成為都市規劃之重要理念。相關研究雖曾就TOD緊密、混合使用發展帶來之永續效益進行探討，然高密度之發展模式亦會加速都市內資源消耗，並影響生活環境品質。為解決前述課題，相關文獻因而提出「綠色大眾運輸導向發展（Green transit-oriented development, Green TOD）」理念，以期待在TOD與綠色都市主義（Green urbanism）之結合下，形塑更為友善環境發展之都市型態。國內外雖有相關研究對Green TOD之規劃理念進行探討，並建立評估架構與準則，然規劃上仍未以該理念建構土地使用規劃模式，以協助規劃者研擬規劃方案；此外傳統土地使用規劃模式建構亦較少將土地使用配置現況與變更限制納入考量，規劃模式因而無法反映實際之規劃問題，並使其應用受到限制。 　　基此，本研究係由通盤檢討面向切入建構「綠色大眾運輸導向土地使用規劃模式」，規劃上並以高密度發展、混合使用配置、親生物開放空間追求、非機動運具可及性提升、停車需求抑制、資源配置效益追求、都市機能健全發展為追求目標建構多目標規劃模式；模式考量限制則包含通盤檢討變更可行性、配置區位限制、規模與容量限制、預算限制、運輸場站自明性、自行車道連續性等；模式求解則修正最小偏差法，並設定不同之權重組合尋求非劣解集合；最後則模擬實例情境設計假想例，以測試模式之可用性，並透過敏感度分析探討規劃模式之應用特性。 　　研究結果發現，規劃模式部分目標因追求方向相同而不具有償付關係，然各目標規劃理念、衡量面向與決策內容皆有不同，規劃上因而有保留之必要性，規劃模式並可依據此特性追求整合性之規劃效益，且著重高密度發展策略之應用。而敏感度分析則顯示，預算額度多寡將影響模式之規劃彈性與償付關係之表現程度，規劃前應妥善分析土地使用配置現況後編列適當之預算資源，以確保規劃偏好達成。本研究建構之土地使用規劃模式可於Green TOD 理念下研提不同之替選方案，並輔助規劃單位進行土地使用、自行車路網、水資源配置之規劃作業。 / Transit-oriented development (TOD) has become a main concept of urban planning as the advocacy of sustainable development. Previous studies, though, have explored the benefit of TOD which features of compact development and mixed land use, excessive density would also accelerate the resources consumption in inner city and decrease the quality of living environment. To solve the aforementioned problems, studies have proposed the concept of “Green transit-oriented development (Green TOD)”, which combines the concepts of “TOD” and “Green Urbanism” in anticipation of shaping an environmentally friendly urban form. However, most of the studies about Green TOD mainly focus on defining the planning concept or establishing the evaluation framework and criteria of it, it still lacks a land use planning model for Green TOD which aims to generate planning alternatives objectively for planners. With regard to the land use planning model, prior studies seldom took the current zoning and rezoning restriction into consideration during the model formulation, which not only made the formulated model fail to represent the real planning problem but also decrease the application value. This study, therefore, develops a multi-objective land use planning model for Green TOD from the aspect of overall review of urban planning. The objectives of the model include “maximizing the development density”, “maximizing the mixed land use degree”, “maximizing the biophilic open space”, “maximizing the accessibility of non-motorized vehicle”, “minimizing the parking demand”, “maximizing the benefit of resource allocation” and “minimizing the rezoning scale of available land”. The constrains of the model include “the rezoning feasibility of overall review”, “the restriction of allocated location”, “the allocated restriction of minimum scale and maximum volume”, “budget limitation”, “identification of transit station area” and “connectivity of bikeway network”. The revised minimum deviation method with different weight settings was used to search the non-inferior solutions set for the simulated case to verify the applicability of the developed model. Besides, sensitivity analysis was used to explore the model characteristic. The result found that some of the objectives, which cannot be integrated due to the difference of planning concept, assessing aspect and decision contents, feature of non-trade-off relationship due to the same pursuing direction. The application of the model can therefore apply this characteristic to pursue the integrated benefit accordingly and focus on the planning approach of high density development. Besides, the sensitivity analysis showed that budget amount influences the planning flexibility and trade-off degree significantly. Budgeting should therefore be dealt appropriately after analyzing the current zoning to ensure the achievement of planning preference. The land use planning model developed by this study can be applied to generate planning alternatives under the planning concept of Green TOD and support the authorities for land use allocation, bikeway design and water resource allocation.