本研究旨在探討臺北市國民小學知識管理與學校競爭優勢之現況與兩者間的關係。本研究主要以問卷調查進行研究，以分層取樣方式選取臺北市57所國民小學之877名教師為受試樣本，回收問卷共803份，回收率91.6﹪，有效問卷784份。調查結果以t考驗、單因子變異數分析、積差相關與多元逐步迴歸進行資料分析，所得研究結果如下： 一、臺北市國民小學教師在知識管理各層面中，知覺知識取得最高，知識分享為最低。 二、男性教師在知覺知識分享層面高於女性教師。 三、臺北市國民小學教師在學校競爭優勢各層面中，知覺環境設備優勢最高，學生學習表現優勢最低。 四、男性教師在知覺整體學校競爭優勢及其各層面上的得分，高於女性教師。 五、學校歷史不同的教師在知覺整體學校知識管理及學校競爭優勢確實有差異。 六、整體學校知識管理與學校競爭優勢二者之間呈現高度正相關，意即教師知覺學校知識管理的程度愈高，則學校之競爭優勢愈強。 七、學校知識管理對於整體學校競爭優勢及其各層面的影響均為正向。 最後依據研究結論提出建議，以供教育行政者、學校教師以及後續研究者之參考。 / This study aims at probing the current situations and the relationship between knowledge management and school competitive advantage in elementary schools of Taipei City. Questionnaire was employed to conduct the study. 877 teachers of 57 elementary schools of Taipei City were selected as subjects through stratified sampling method. 803 copies of questionnaires were retrieved. The retrieval rate was 91.6%. There were 784 copies of valid questionnaires which were analyzed by means of t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis, and the results were as follows: 1.Among all facets of knowledge management, the elementary school teachers of Taipei City scored highest in perceptive knowledge, and lowest in knowledge sharing. 2.Male teachers scored higher in perceptive knowledge sharing than their female counterparts. 3.Among all facets of school competitive advantage, the elementary school teacher of Taipei City scored highest in perceptive environment facilities advantage and lowest in students’ learning performance advantage. 4.Male teachers scored higher in holistic perceptive school competitive advantage and its related facets than their female counterparts. 5.Teachers from schools with different historical backgrounds showed differences in holistic perceptive school knowledge management and school competitive advantage. 6.High positive correlation was shown in holistic perceptive school knowledge management and school competitive advantage, meaning the higher teachers’ degrees in perceptive knowledge management the stronger school’s competitive advantage. 7.The impacts of school knowledge management onto the holistic school competitive advantage and its facets were all positive. Suggestions made based on the study results are meant for use as reference for administrators, teachers, and future researchers.

教育改革近年來在世界各國蔚為風潮，而藉由市場的力量促進學校間彼此競爭是其中一項重要的理念，但促使教育市場化的結果，衍生出許多的爭議和問題。本研究以學校競爭、幼兒園品質、組織創新為主要變項，希望透過本研究來釐清三個變項間之關係，並瞭解學校競爭影響幼兒園品質、組織創新之情形。 本研究以台北市文山區和萬華區兩區立案之公私立幼兒園為實徵研究之對象，有效樣本共81份。並以描述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及相關分析等方法來分析並驗證本研究所提出之各項假設。 本研究之主要發現如下： 一、本研究釐清學校競爭之概念內涵，並與幼兒園品質、組織創新作相關連結。 二、文山區和萬華區之幼兒園競爭程度分佈不均。 三、文山區之幼兒園競爭程度較萬華區高。 四、文山區和萬華區之幼兒園園長認為自身園所幼兒園品質之現況佳。 五、文山區和萬華區之幼兒園園長認為自身園所知識活動品質之現況尚待加強。 六、文山區和萬華區之幼兒園園長認為自身園所採用組織創新之現況佳。 七、學校競爭與服務品質呈中度正相關。 八、教學創新與行政創新呈中度正相關。 九、公立幼稚園採用行政創新比私立托兒所多。 最後研究者根據研究結論，就實務面和後續研究方向提出具體的建議，以期對未來幼教的發展有所助益。 / Educational reform has been a trend in western countries. School competition is one of the concept in market-oriented reforms. Yet, evidence on the actual benefits of market-oriented reforms is at best mixed. The purpose of the article is to integrative school competition and the relationship between ECE program quality and organizational innovation in kindergarten. A questionnaires survey are adopted for the study and were distributed to 153 kindergartens in Wenshan district and Wanhua district of Taipei City. The number of valid return rate was 54.2%. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Person correlation, t-test, and ANOVA. The results were as follow: 1. This study investigated the concept of school competition, and linked up school competition with ECE program quality and organizational innovation. 2. This study revealed that the degree of competition between kindergartens was not equal. 3. This study showed that the competition in Wenshan district was higher than in Wanhua district. 4. This study indicated that ECE program quality was good in Wenshan district and Wanhua district. 5. This study showed that knowledge activity quality of kindergarten needed to strengthen in Wenshan and Wanhua district. 6. This study indicated that organizational innovation of kindergarten was good in Wenshan district and Wanhua district. 7. This study demonstrated a positive relationship between school competition and service quality. 8. This study showed a positive relationship between instruction innovation and administration innovation. 9.This study revealed that administration innovations in public school were adopted more than in private school. Overall, findings from this study pointed to several relevant implications for the early childhood education practice and follow-up research.