本文主要探討高職學生中輟之社會影響因素，並藉由中輟生輟學後之追蹤，了解中輟生輟學後的工作或復學生活狀態。研究中將整體樣本稱為「全體中輟生」，中輟後未繼續就學者簡稱為「未復學組」，中輟後復學生簡稱為「復學生組」，並進行其中輟社會因素之比較分析研究。 中輟生在每位教師的眼中，除了是個問題學生之外，其實內心對他們是感到十分痛心及惋惜的，他們總是天真的以為休學一陣子後就會再回到學校就讀，但是復學的學生卻在少數，因為休學時所稱之總總因素的影響，並沒有隨著時間而改善，且社會的大染缸反而將他們越推越遠，無法再回到學校生活。 本研究為探討高職中輟生之中輟社會因素，試圖比較「中輟未復學生」與「中輟後復學生」兩組間的各項分析差異，並從以下幾個因素著手探討：家庭結構因素、家庭經濟因素、特殊社會身分、校系選擇因素及中輟生之社會連結關係等五大因素切入，探索幕後影響其中輟行為之動力。另一個研究重點是詳述中輟生目前的生活狀態，及分析他們重返校園的可能性。 本研究希冀研究結果能提供各界參考高職學生中輟之共同特點、因素，使教育單位越加重視高職學生之就學情況，莫因高職教育非義務教育，就如此忽視他們的中輟情形，致使高職生在中輟之後就一去不復返，沒有任何單位追蹤、了解其後的動向，導致中輟生之低學歷、低工作地位，而造成日後社會的負累。 / Dropout issue have been highly valued in the educational sociology for decades of years. While dropouts are normally regarded as the “outside system” ones comparing with students who are still inside the system of compulsory education, the dropouts who depart the non-compulsory education are less discussed. This study therefore demonstrates the problems after their suspension of schooling and tries to find the social factors that influence their decisions of dropouts. Thirty dropouts are selected in this research from Nation Keelung Maritime School and defined as “resume” and “non-resume” ones. They are analyzed throughout their family structure, family income, social status, majors, and social network bonding by the comparison between these two groups. Moreover，this research represents the non-resume dropouts’ working adaptation after their suspension, and the re-adoption of schooling those who chose to resume. This thesis is aimed to appeal attention on the suspension problems especially in the non-compulsory educational system and provide elaborating information for the Taiwan education.

本研究旨在探討國民中學中輟學生返校復學成功之案例，主要研究目的有四：一、分析中輟學生復學的原因與過程；二、探討中輟復學生之需求；三、了解學校幫助中輟復學生之安置措施及其困境；四、探析成功輔導中輟復學生之輔導策略，以供輔導國民中學輔導中輟復學生參考。 研究方法採用半結構式的訪談和焦點團體之質性研究，首先以文獻探討與本研究有關之理論與相關研究，以作為論文研究架構之基礎；本研究以台北縣某國中八位中輟復學生為研究對象，另再進行兩場教師焦點團體，深入探討學生中輟復學的相關因素。 本研究的研究結果歸納如下： 一、中輟復學生整體復學原因與過程 1、安置回原班的穩定效果；2、設計溫暖及接納的學習環境；3、畢業證書的誘因；4、案主的自覺；5、同儕團體的協助；6、家庭功能的改善；7、外在誘因的消失等等。 二、中輟復學生需求 1、家庭功能改善；2、能接納、包容的導師；3、他人的認同、尊重、關懷與包容；4、課業方面的協助；5、正向示範引導的友伴等等。 三、中輟復學生之安置措施及其困境 在中輟復學生返校復學後，學校經常有的安置措施：1、中輟復學生返回原班；2、以專案輔導機制協助，如邀請參加認輔制度、技藝班或是高關懷班；3、專任輔導老師長期協助；4、轉介請社會局或是鄰近醫院協助處理。在安置困境方面：1、教師輔導知能專業不足；2、輔導黃金時段無法掌握；3、家庭功能不健全；4、學校課程設計的不利因素；5、社會誘因仍大等等。 四、成功輔導中輟學生復學的輔導策略 1、協助復學生做好心理建設；2、建立學校協助父母的諮詢及輔導管道；3、提供讓中輟生具成就感的教學，開發復學生的潛能；4、師生關係平日即能建立情感，老師對學生一視同仁；5、〈1〉、把握契機〈2〉、耐心陪伴、等待個案成熟〈3〉、與復學生一起設定目標等策略運用；6、建立復學生正向楷模的同儕關係；7、家庭訪問等等。 最後，本研究針對上述研究發現加以討論，並提出具體性建議，供各國民中學輔導中輟復學生之參考，及未來後續研究之建議。 / The purpose of this research is to discuss the successful cases of drop out junior high school students to go back to school, and the four major research purposes are: 1. Analyzing the reasons and process for drop out school students to go back to school; 2. Discussing the needs of them; 3. Realizing school’s arrangement measures and difficulty in assisting them; 4. Analyzing the assistance strategy that assist them successfully, and propose to junior high schools as the reference to assist them. The research methods are semistructured interviewing and qualitative research of focus group. First step is to discuss the theory relevant to this research and relevant researches by literature, and as the basis of the framework of thesis research. The research objects are 8 drop out school students of one junior high school in Taipei County; furthermore, two teacher focus groups are held to discuss factors relevant to drop out school students’ back to school. The research results are concluded as below: 1. Reasons and process for drop out school students to go back to school 1.1 Stability effect of arrange them to original classes; 1.2 Designing warm and accepting learning environments; 1.3 Attraction of diploma; 1.4 Self-awareness of them; 1.5 Assistance from same generation group; 1.6 Improvement of family function; 1.7 Elimination of outside attraction. 2. The needs of them 2.1 Improvement of family function; 2.2 Teachers that could accept and tolerate them; 2.3 Identification, respect, care and tolerance from others; 2.4 Assistance in study; 2.5 Friends that could guide them positively. 3. Arrangement measures and difficulty in assisting them Frequent arrangement measures by schools after they back to school: 3.1 Arrange them to original classes; 3.2 Offer project assistance system, such as inviting them to join assistance system, skill training class or class with high care; 3.3 Long term assistance by specialized assistance teacher 3.4 Introduce and transfer them to department of social welfare or nearby hospitals for assistance. For the difficulty in arrangement: 3.5 Teachers do not have enough specialized assistance knowledge; 3.6 Could not handle the best time for assistance; 3.7 Family function is not complete; 3.8 Disadvantage factors of school’s course design; 3.9 Social attraction is still high. 4. Assistance strategy that assist them successfully 4.1 Assist them to establish their psychology; 4.2 Establish consulting and assistance channel to help parents; 4.3 Provide teaching that could make them feel accomplished and develop their potential; 4.4 Establish emotion between teachers and students in daily life, and teachers shall treat all students alike; 4.5 (1) Hold the turning point, (2) Accompany them patiently and waiting them to become mature, (3) Set up goals with them; 4.6 Establishing their relation with same generation of positive example; 4.7 Family interview. Finally, specific suggestions are addressed after the discussion of the above research results, and propose to junior high schools as the reference for assisting drop out school students and suggestion for follow-up researches.

青少女未婚懷孕已是我國重要的社會議題之一。多數的青少女在發現懷孕後，面臨一連串的抉擇，少女將思考是否生育，以及選擇將孩子留養、出養或寄養。然而，選擇留養後的青少女，多數面臨親職與經濟的壓力而無法持續就學。 本研究以質性研究深度訪談的方式，企圖瞭解青少女母親在留養後，回歸學校的校園生活，探討青少女母親的復學因素、復學適應，以及學校輔導系統提供的服務內涵。研究最終訪談九位青少女母親，研究結果發現： 1. 青少女母親的復學因素，包含主要因素與使能因素。主要因素為少女個人對於完成學業的想望；使能因素共有四項，包括：「家庭因素」、「學校因素」、「社會因素」及「其他因素」。此外，少女的復學因素與擔任親職及婚姻狀態(生活經驗)相關聯。 2. 青少女孕期的校園生活經驗，與物理空間環境、老師與同儕的態度有關。在復學適應部分，面臨「學習適應」與「人際關係適應」，少女復學適應與少女的生活經驗具有關聯性，少女亦隨著學校風氣規範及老師、同儕的態度不同，其適應的議題有所差異。 3. 青少女母親就學之學校輔導部分，包含懷孕與復學期間兩部分。孕期的學校輔導服務分為學校支持性措施、個人輔導與重要他人協談；復學之輔導服務將與學校的作法和少女接受輔導服務之意願具有關聯性，亦影響少女所接受的服務內涵。 研究結果證實青少女母親穩定就學原因，與少女不同的生活經驗、不同的就學歷程，再加上學校風氣與上課規範不同，少女所要適應的議題具有個別性。少女在就讀學校選擇的考量，包含上課路程近、上課時間短，以及選擇規範不嚴格的學校為主要。在學校部分，校方提供通融作法、學校輔導服務以及家庭支持程度是少女回歸校園的重要關鍵。研究者依據研究結果提出實務上與學術上的建議。 / “Unmarried pregnant adolescents” has become one of the important social issues in Taiwan. When most adolescent girls were found pregnant, they are facing a series of choices, they need consider whether to give birth, whether to keep and raise the baby, as well as the option to leave the baby to child support or foster care. However, when adolescent girls choose to keep and raise the babies, a majority of them are facing financial stress and the pressure of parenting. Thus their education can no longer sustained. In this qualitative research, we use in-depth interviews in order to understand the following aspects. First, when adolescent mothers choose to keep and raise the baby, what their campus lives are going to be like when they return to school. Second, to explore the factors of adolescent mothers’ re-enrolling, as well as the adaptation for continuing their education. Third, the counseling service content provided by the school counseling system. This study finally interviewed nine adolescent mothers, and the findings are as followed: 1. The factors for adolescent mothers to re-enroll include main factors and enabling factors. The main factors are teenage mothers’ personal desire to complete their studies. As for the enabling factors, there are a total of four prospects, including: "family factors", "school factors", "social factors" and "other factors." In addition to this, re-enrolling factors for teenage mothers are related to their roles in parenting and marital status (life experiences). 2. The campus life these adolescent mothers experiences during pregnancy, are related to the physical environment, as well as teachers and peers’ attitudes. In the aspect of “Re-enrolling Adaptation, these girls are facing “learning adaptation” and "interpersonal adaptation". Teenage mothers’ re-enrolling adaptation is related to their life experiences. Besides, with different school climate, teachers’ and peers’ attitudes, these influences can also affect teenage girls’ adaptations. 3. Teenage mothers’ enrolling school counseling service, includes two parts; the pregnancy part and the re-enrolling part. Pregnancy counseling services are divided into “school support measures”, “individual counseling” and “joint counselling with significant others”. Counselling service after their returns to school is related to school measures and the teenage mother’s willingness to accept counselling service. And these aspects would also affect the service content these adolescent mothers receive. The study results confirmed that, the reason for adolescent mothers to have a stable re-enrolling are related to their different life experiences, different school histories, coupled with the different school climates and regulations. Thus teenage girls’ adaptation issue is individualized. Their choices for attending school includes, distance from home to school, the length of school time, and a more tolerant school regulations. Beside, with the school offering accommodating standards, counseling services and also with family support; these are the key for adolescent mothers to re-enroll. The researcher has made the recommendations above, both in practical practice and academic fields, based on this research.