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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

臺灣傳統商業團體臺南三郊的轉變(1760-1940) / The transformation of Taiwan traditional merchants association-Tainan-San-Jiao,1760-1940

黃懷賢, Huang, Huai Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
臺灣在郊出現以前縱使農商業經濟已經開展,卻並無商業團體存在。18世紀中葉以後,進入臺灣開墾貿易的商民倍增,如何協調生意上的糾紛、應付官府攤派的地方公務,成為商人亟需面對的課題,郊就在這樣的背景之下形成於臺灣。 因此本文聚焦於臺灣歷史上規模最大的商業團體—臺南三郊,探討臺南三郊在各個時期與地方政府及地域社會之間的互動。嘉慶元年(1795),臺南三郊正式出現後,三郊並透過各種公共事務的參與,例如驅逐海盜、運榖平糴、調解華洋糾紛、修築軍工廠港道、辦理團練,換來清政府賞賜公戳記、匾額、花紅以及免納租息的土地業權。 清代與日治政權交替之際,許多商人紛紛停業內渡清國,臺南三郊一時大為衰退,直到明治32年(1899)才重興。本文指出殖民政府對於臺南三郊重興,扮演了關鍵決策者的角色,並且在日後引導臺南三郊建立臺南商工會。日治初期臺南三郊重建以後,商人透過傳統的商業團體,進行現代性的投資,建立了臺南信用組合與維新製糖會社。 大正時期以後,三郊的商業團體機能轉移到臺南商工會。轉型後的臺南三郊積極參與社會活動,卻也遇到了市區改正拆毀三郊街屋,而三郊被定位為祭祀公業無法領取賠償金的問題,因此規劃申請將組織社團法人化,然而社團法人化的議題,卻因為三郊內部的派系鬥爭遭到擱置。昭和13年(1938)舊派控告新派虧空郊產、收取回扣,經過纏訟後,雙方在昭和15年(1940)經州廳指示,將臺南三郊解散,而其產業納入臺南商工經濟會名下,戰後由臺南市商會接收。 / Even though the agricultural and business activities in Taiwan had developed at certain extent, however there was not any associations of merchants until Jiao(郊) appeared. After the middle of the 18th century, with the increasing number of Chinese merchants entering Taiwan for land development and trading, the mechanism of resolving the dispute in business, handling the public affairs assigned from the local government had become an urgency. In this context, Jiao came into being in Taiwan as a result. This article will be focusing on the biggest associations of merchants that ever appeared in Taiwan—Tainan-San-Jiao(臺南三郊), and investigating its interaction with the local government and with the regional society in each period. After its formal appearance in Jia-Qing(嘉慶) 1st year (1795), through participating in various public affairs such as driving out the pirates, transporting and purchasing grains at fair price, dealing with disputes between local and foreign merchants, building canals that connected military factories to sea, organizing and training militia(Tuanlian團練), Tainan-San-Jiao obtained the official seal, plaques, reward and land property rights without paying land tax. Upon the change of regime from Qing Dynasty to Japanese government, many merchants chose to suspend their business and returned to mainland China, the function of Tainan-San-Jiao had declined for a period of time. It was not until Meiji(明治) 32nd year(1899) did it revive. This article will point out that the colonial government has played a key role in policy making which contributed to the revival of Tainan-San-Jiao, and later led Tainan-San-Jiao to establish the Shoukoukai(商工會). After the revival of Tainan-San-Jiao, the merchants made modern investments through this traditional merchant organization, and built up Tainan Credit Cooperative(Shinyoukumiai信用組合) and Ishin Sugar Company(Ishin seitoukaishixya維新製糖會社) . In Taishou(大正) period, the function of merchant organization of Tainan-San-Jiao has been transferred to the Chamber of Commerce. After transformation, Tainan-San-Jiao which was no longer merchant organization, actively participated in social activities, in the meanwhile the house property belonged to Tainan-San-Jiao was tore down due to the Urban Renewal in progress. However, Tainan-San-Jiao failed to receive compensation since Tainan-San-Jiao was then seen as a property-owning ancestral worship association(祭祀公業). Tainan-San-Jiao therefore planed to apply for transforming to Corporation Aggregate, yet the issue was postponed owing to the conflicts among factions within the organization. In Shouwa(昭和) period, the old faction accused the new faction of the embezzling property and receiving sales commission. After a period of litigation, the two factions eventually decided to dismiss Tainan-San-Jiao under the order of the government, and its property was shifted to the Chamber of Commerce, later was taken over by the Chamber of Commerce of Tainan City aftermath of World War 2.
2

從社會資本的觀點探討組織法人化對員工認知行為之研究-以台灣科技大學為例 / A study of administrative corporation of organization on staffs' cognition behavior from social capital perspective -The case of NTUST

蔡秀枝, Tsai, Hsiu Chih Unknown Date (has links)
由於少子化與全球化趨勢,近年來高等教育經營環境競爭日趨激烈,政府在推動組織再造的方案中,其中一項重要的變革,就是推動文教機構「行政法人化」,其具體落實的特色之一就是可彈性進用約用人員,故現階段國立大學行政法人化規劃的變革發展,在組織結構與人事制度方面的調整上,對於員工行為及態度也產生極大的影響。 許多學者將員工間彼此互動的關係稱為社會資本,社會資本的建立需要極長的時間,其不僅影響員工工作績效的表現,亦直接影響組織績效,因此,在法人化過程中是否會影響員工間的相互信任等社會資本,亦是國立大學推動「行政法人化」政策成敗的關鍵之ㄧ。 本研究針對個案以深度訪談法了解行政法人化變革發展過程,對員工帶來的轉變及影響為何,評估進用公務人員或約用人員的優缺點;並從社會資本觀點探討公務員與契約人員間彼此工作的調適與衝突問題等。研究顯示員工對行政法人化均不了解且安於現狀,領導者除了重視用人彈性外,應更重視行政法人化變革發展的說明與溝通,以化解員工心理負面態度,使行政法人化推動更臻完善,而面對組織雙軌制的人事制度以及人員更迭頻繁,員工間仍需磨合適應,所以組織社會資本需要建構、培養與累積。 關鍵詞:社會資本、行政法人化、公務人員、約用人員
3

學術自由發展對公立大學組織變革法制之探討 / A study of the legal system for academic freedom development on the transformation of public university organization

陳惠珍, Chen, Huei Jen Unknown Date (has links)
大學發展的歷史,即是一部大學爭取學術自由之歷史。德國最早將學術自由納入憲法以基本權保護,並推演大學自治為學術自由制度性保障,賦予大學公法社團之獨立法人格,建立學術自由圍籬,法人化遂成為學術自由落實之主要途徑。 只是,隨著外在知識經濟、全球化競爭等環境變遷,大學除教學與研究基本功能,同時具有知識工廠、文化傳承、提昇國家國際競爭力、服務社會等多元功能。而經濟衰退,使政府對大學預算減少,在經費窘迫下,大學組織運營面臨經費與資源有效運用等議題。如何有效運用資源、發揮大學被期待之多元功能?成為各國大學改革重要議題。 我國大學法制改革,1994年以學術自由、大學自治為主張,期建立德國「學者共和國」,防止國家政治干預,擬將國立大學法人化,賦予大學獨立法人格地位。2002年配合政府改造,提出講求效能與效率的行政法人制度,並擬改制國立大學為獨立行政法人,在立法院審查修訂大學法時,將行政法人化專章刪除,委由未來制定專法,形成我國大學法人化似又退回原點。 本篇論文以時間(中世紀迄今)、與空間(德國、日本、美國)雙軸向形成之環境,進行有關學術自由理念、大學自治制度發展歷程等文獻整理,釐清學術自由對大學理念與組織法制之定位及其影響(第二章及第三章);及現代環境變遷導致大學功能多元,加以政府預算緊縮,使大學需面臨營運成效議題,而公共管理理論對各國政府改造實務經驗對大學組織變革之啟發與影響(第四章);取法近代德國大學組織型態鬆綁(第五章)、日本國立大學法人化等改革經驗(第六章);重新審視我國大學法人化追求時,如何在兼顧學術自由理念價值與組織營運效能下,建構大學外部組織型態與內部組織法制(第七章)

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