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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

在不同實驗設計下藥物個體生體相等性檢定力之比較

董雅萍 Unknown Date (has links)
傳統上,判定一種學名藥(generic drug)與原廠藥(innovator drug)是否具有生體相等性所常用的統計方法為:比較兩種藥物的生體可用相對值(relative bioavailability)的母體平均數是否相等,此即所謂的平均生體相等性(average bioequivalence)。然而就兩種藥物可互用的觀點而言,似乎更需要考慮的是每位受測個體在服用藥物後,不同藥物在個體內反應的差異性,因此 Anderson and Hauck (1990)提出個體生體相等性(individual bioequivalence)的觀點。 本文採 Schall (1995)所建議的判定準則來作為評估一種學名藥與原廠藥是否具有個體生體相等性的依據。內容重點為透過模擬(simulation)實驗的方式,對判定藥物為個體生體相等性的檢定力(power)作一評比,研究的項目有:(1)檢定力在不同交叉實驗設計(crossover design)下表現的異同;(2)檢定力在不同參數組合情況下表現的趨勢;(3)樣本數(sample size)對檢定力的影響。 / Conventionally, that a generic drug and an innovator drug are regarded as having the same treatment effects is based on the concept of average bioequivalence,i.e., that average responses between individuals on the two formulations are similar. Anderson and Hauck (1990) argued that it was not sufficient to expect that an individual patient would response similarly to the two formulations. The thought has received a lot of attention lately, and quite a few methods have been proposed to deal with the issue of the individual bioequivalence. According to the "unified" approach proposes by Schall (1995), a simulation study on power to declare bioequivalence and coverage probability of confidence intervals is carried out here to compare their performance under different experimental designs.
2

藥劑溶離率比對方法之應用與研究 / The Application and Research of Comparative in-Vitro Dissolution Data

廖淑真, Liaw, Shu-Jean Unknown Date (has links)
目前在國內外藥界對比對溶離資料之處理方法有很多種.在本文以常用之二維隨機集區實驗設計,共變異數分析法,單變量分裂區集變異析法,Chow(1995)所提出之時間數列分析法,及美國食品藥物管理局在1995年11月所提出的方法,比較此五種方法並以電腦模擬不同情形之資料再對其結果予以分析. / There are various ways of comparing dissolution profiles between two drug products. In this thesis, we compare five statistical methods often used,namely, two-way randomized block design, analysis of covariance, split-plot,time-series analysis method proposed by Chow (1995), and the method proposed by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November, 1995. The five methods are compared via simulation studies under different conditions, analyses arealso provided.
3

藥劑生體可用及相等性在兩個單尾檢定下樣本數之研究 / Sample Size Determination for the Two One-Sided Tests Procedure in Bioavailability/Bioequivalence

吳嘉翰, Wu, Chia-Han Unknown Date (has links)
藥劑生體可用及相等試驗,對於藥品的研發佔有非常重要之地位.如何在各種交叉實驗設計中選取適當的樣本,以達到我們要求的檢測能力,是本文的主要目的.Liu and chow(1992a)根據Schuirmann(1987)的區間假設檢定以正負20決策準則,針對二乘二交叉實驗設計,提出了一個簡易的樣本數計算方法.本文將對高階交叉實驗設計之樣本數計算方法,做進一步的研究.
4

平均生體相等與個體生體相等之比較研究 / A Comparison between Average Bioequivalence and Individual Biorquivalence

張永珍 Unknown Date (has links)
人的一生避免不了大小病痛,一但身體不適、罹患疾病,就須由醫師診斷、服用藥物;而藥物之生產首重有效與安全,要能有效的治療疾病,也要限制其毒性不超過安全限制以避免危害人體。   藥品之開發需要極為龐大之成本,故而各藥廠對於可以節省開發成本的藥品新劑型與學名藥之研究深感興趣;相對的,也就對於如何證明藥品新劑型(或學名藥)與原廠藥為生體相等可互用的方法多加探討。   美國FDA對於生體相等之評估準則,擬由過去的平均生體相等轉換成為個體生體相等評估準則;更改後的準則考慮面向較為完整周全,但是其應用卻須要更為繁複的試驗方式與更多的成本來配合,為了保留新準則之評估概念並簡化試驗與降低評估成本,本篇論文試圖找出新、舊評估準則之關聯,並以舊有準則為基礎做調整,盼能透過對舊準則之調整達到與新準則相類似之評估結果。如此一來,可沿用舊有試驗方法完成新準則所欲進行之評估,降低此評估研究之耗資,同時確保藥品新劑型(或學名藥)與原廠藥為生體相等可互用,具有相同療效與安全保證。

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