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藥師對藥局經營型態之選擇--交易成本實證之研究 / The choice of the business styles between pharmacists -- the transaction cost analysis research鄭明麒, Jane, Minky Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要針藥師對藥局經營型態的選擇,以交易成本及人格特質作一分析,探討職業藥師對交易成本的認知及其所具備的人格特質,在經營型態上,是否有影響。
本研究以社區藥局藥師為研究對象,包括康是美、屈臣氏、華特、博登及傳統藥局等,共郵寄936份問卷,回收有效問卷127份。經資料分析,所得重要結論為當藥師認為資產特殊性、交易頻率、環境多樣性愈低者,其所選擇經營型態傾向於市場型的結構,亦即獨立自營與會員店;當藥師認為資產特殊性、交易頻率、環境多樣性愈高者,經營型態傾向於階層型的結構,亦即加盟連鎖與直營受聘。隨著「藥事法」與「全民健保法」先後落實「醫藥分業」制度的規定,面對未來可能的發展,經營型態的選擇依據,可供藥師做參考。
目錄
第一章緒論……………………………………………………………………….1
第一節研究背景與動機…………………………………………………..1
第二節研究目的…………………………………………………………..4
第三節研究範圍…………………………………………………………..5
第二章文獻探討…………………………………………………………………7
第一節產業現況…………………………………………………………..7
第二節連鎖體系………………………………………………………….12
第三節交易成本………………………………………………………….32
第四節人格特質………………………………………………………….55
第三章研究方法…………………………………………………………………58
第一節研究架構………………………………………………………….58
第二節模式發展與假說推演與建立…………………………………….59
第三節研究設計………………………………………………………….74
第四節信度效度檢定…………………………………………………….79
第四章統計分析…………………………………………………………………80
第一節交易成本與藥局選擇型態之分析……………………………….80
第二節個人特質與藥局選擇型態之分析……………………………….83
第三節鑑別分析………………………………………………………….85
第五章研究結論與建議…………………………………………………………89
第一節研究結論………………………………………………………….89
第二節研究限制………………………………………………………….93
第三節研究建議………………………………………………………….94
第四節後續研究建議…………………………………………………….96
附錄一:台灣藥局產業的概況………………………………………………..102
附錄二:問卷…………………………………………………………………...114
表次
表2.2連鎖店之分類………………………………………………………….15
表2.3傳統式與垂直式行銷通路特性的比較……………………………….17
表2.4四種經營型態的比較………………………………………………….21
表2.3.1交易成本的來源與類型……………………………………………..34
表2.3.2交易成本分析研究摘要……………………………………………..43
表3.2.1交易成本之操作型定義……………………………………………..64
表3.2.2經營型態操作型定義………………………………………………..69
表3.3.1有效母體統計表……………………………………………………..75
表3.3.2問卷回收率之狀況表………………………………………………..77
表3.3.3各研究階段之資料分析方法………………………………………..78
表3.4.1本研究各項衡量變數信度值表……………………………………..79
表4.1.1交易成本與經營型態………………………………………………..81
表4.2.1個人特質與經營型態選擇…………………………………………..83
表4.2.2不同經營型態間藥師經驗年數的比較分析………………………..84
表4.3.1經營型態之理論分群與實際分群交叉表…………………………..86
表4.3.1.1經營型態重新分群之理論分群與實際分群交叉表……………...86
表4.3.2分群誤差比率………………………………………………………..86
表4.3.2.1分群誤差比率……………………………………………………...86
表4.3.3區別函數變數相對重要性…………………………………………..87
表5.1假設檢定彙總表………………………………………………………91
表5.2藥局經營型態選擇模式………………………………………………92
圖次
圖1.1研究流程圖…………………………………………………………….6
圖2.1製藥產業上、中、下游產業體系圖…………………………………7
圖2.2垂直行銷系統…………………………………………………………16
圖2.3.1組織市場失靈架構………………………………………………….37
圖3.1本研究觀念性架構……………………………………………………58
圖4.3.1區域圖………………………………………………………………..88 / The thesis investigates the business styles of pharmacists, by considering the difference of transaction cost and personality between pharmacists.
The subjects of this research are mainly the pharmacists of the community drugstore, including Cosmed, Watsons, Walts, Medicine Shoppe and traditional drugstores.
Questionnaires were sent to 936 sample drugstores, out of which 127 were valid..
The result of survey indicates that pharmacists perceive the lower of asset specificity, transaction frequency and environmental diversity, the higher chance they will choice the market structure, for example, wholly-owned or voluntary chain. On the other hand, the higher the asset specificity, transaction frequency and environmental diversity, they tend to choose hierarchical structure, such as franchise or regular chain. Due to the medical practice in the Law of Pharmaceutical Affairs and the NHI Act, implication from this study could be beneficial to the pharmacists in choosing an appropriate organization structure.
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台灣遠端醫療的商機之研究 – 遠端藥事為例 / The business opportunities of telepharmacy in taiwan賴宗佑, Lai, Tsung Yu Unknown Date (has links)
全球遠端醫療產業蓬勃發展,各國家的法規也越來越明朗化,未來醫療需求將隨人口老化而大幅上升,如何利用新型態的醫療方式來解決醫療問題,便成為國際上討論的趨勢。本文以遠端藥事做為研究目標,透過「iHealth政昇處方宅配藥局」服務全台的經營模式,以及「春森藥局」服務社區式的經營模式,比較兩家藥局的施行歷程,如何以不同的形態達成遠端藥事。
本研究以Osterwalder提出之經營模式圖(Business Model Canvas)做為基礎,論文以商業畫布、市場機會的發掘與辨識、興業的商業概念、興業的執行、興業的成果呈現,探討機構的獲利方式、民眾的營收方式、藥事服務的形式、慢性病照護,以及政策性的醫療網絡建構等…議題,皆可做為政府規劃醫療政策之參考,本研究有別於其他遠端醫療研究多半選擇科技之論述,以藥局經營做為研究對象,探討產業商機所在。
研究結果顯示,台灣遠端藥事可以符合在現有的法規之上,藥局經由的通訊科技聯繫到病患,提供連續處方箋獲利,不需要依靠業外收入,達成藥事服務營利。比較特別的事,不同藥局要施行遠端藥事的動機不同,分別有企業藥局的經營導向,協助機構評鑑、提供民眾的宅配,此模式下的遠端藥事僅為企業願景的一部分,最終以平台建製作為目標;另一種模式為個人藥局的經營導向,藥師透過政策接觸到社區病患,提供居家服務、甚至安寧服務,實現全人照護之目標。
本研究認為,台灣的遠端藥事尚有發展之潛能。企業經營的方向,需要以機構做為穩定現金流的基礎;個人經營的方向,依然以自身的使命感為主,然而配合「遠端醫療法案」鬆綁、「居家照護政策」的補助,建製完善的社區醫療網絡,將有助於提升社區藥局參與遠端藥事服務之意願,形成新型的產業模式。 / As the telemedicine industry flourishing, the regulations became clear among the countries, the medical needs will also increase in the future. As the goal of the research, this dissertation focused on telepharmacy, the research compared two pharmacies with two different models: serves-the-entire-Taiwan bussiness model from 「iHealth政昇處方宅配藥局」, and serves-the-community bussiness model from 「春森藥局」, hoping to be able to present the telepharmacy with different forms and conditions.
This research used the Business Model Canvas which was presented by Osterwalder as the foundation, Unlike other telemedicine researches, this research explored the industry opportunities, and focused on the pharmacy management perspective, instead of the science perspective.
The result shows that the telepharmacy in Taiwan can be consistent with the existing regulations. What is more special is that, different pharmacies have different motivations for telepharmacy, and the telepharmacy under this model is only part of the enterprise vision, and creates Platform as the final goal; another model is the business directoin of personal pharmacy, pharmacist contacts patients in the communities through policies, provide home services, and hospice home care to achieve the goal of holistic care.
This study considers that telepharmacy still has the potential for development. The direction of enterprise management needs to be based on institutions as the basis of stable cash flow; the direction of personal management sill based on their sense of mission. However, with the help of telepharmacy laws and home care policies, through building the well rounded community medical network, can help increasing the wills of the community pharmacies to participate in telepharmacy.
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