隨著全球化與網際網路的發展，生活方式也不斷地改變中。紡織品也從二戰之後的貧困而期待擁有，轉變為展現個人生活品味的標誌。個人化與特性化，漸成主流趨勢。過去單一樣式大量化生產的模式，已被量少多樣與客製化訂單所取代。 企業管理的方法，也跟隨著資訊科技進步與網際網路發展，從解決單一作業模式，進入統整規劃的階段，所以整合業務管理系統、財會系統、物料管理系統和生產管理系統的企業資源規劃系統因運而生。各式各樣的ERP流行於市面，但往往因產業特性與個別企業作業流程差異，難以完整地滿足企業需要。加之軟硬體建置成本，與日後維護的考量，使得企業評選ERP產生極大的困難。加之客製化風潮的興起，企業管理也極需要高度彈性，以因應客戶與市場的多樣化需求。ERP的管理彈性，也受到極大的考驗。尤其，市面流行之套裝軟體，其授權方式禁止對其核心程式變更，更造成導入企業過程的難度。然而客製化ERP可依企業或產業特性量身訂製，可有效地克服套裝ERP的僵固性。然而相對於發展成熟的套裝軟體，於軟硬體建置與日後維護的優勢，客製化過程需要更多前置規劃作業與後續發展思考。 本研究透過研究紡織業代表性個案在ERP從品選過程、導入過程的差異性，探討客製化ERP對於企業的影響性。透過此一探討，發現客製化ERP對於企業轉型的角色，從單純的電腦軟體，轉變成為推動企業作業革新、製程變革的主力。特別是K公司內部同時採用套裝與客製化ERP，直接比較此二類系統對於企業的個別影響。對於低變動性的事業體，套裝軟體即可滿足其絕大多數的需求性。小規模的客製功能模組，克服不同產業特性需求。而高變動性的事業體，如K公司H事業部與M公司，往往面臨量少多樣或客製化需求，僅能透過客製化ERP解決多樣化的原物料採購管理、生產調配。然而，從客製化ERP的規劃建置到導入完成的過程，企業人員重新檢討工作流程，並且融入未來發展所需要之彈性，直接促進企業轉型。人員的參與感、降低人力需求等週邊效益，提高公司向心力與降低人力成本。 由本研究的結果可知，選擇ERP系統首重企業目標，依循企業目標選擇適當與適性的ERP。客製化ERP可有效應付企業特殊需求，提升作業的彈性度。建置客製化ERP過程，亦推動企業的流程變革，改善工作效率，為企業轉型提供極大的助力。 / Textile industry is one of ancient industry around the world. It is deeply correlated with culture, lifestyle and economics. In the early of 20th century, two globalized wars made economic collapsed and countries reformed. Textile industry run massive production to fulfill global market. However, globalization and maturation of internet push new concepts, based on personalization, to every country. More and more customized orders instead. Management of textile industry faces to the new challenge from designing to manufacturing. Information technologies are introduced into management that integrate the processing from designing to manufacturing. Enterprise Resource Planning, ERP, was settle since 1992 and referred to integration and data-linking of sales and design, manufacturing and accounting. Various ERP systems have been bundled as commercial software for enterprises. It is very hard to be chosen an ERP software for fully fitting every industry, because of specific working process and demands. Somehow, authorizing of ERP is restricted to modify source code that function modules for some special working flows are coded as plugins, increasing of cost for setting and maintaining. At presence, customization as the main stream in the textile industry need more flexibilities of manufacturer to coordinate whole departments to co-work. Weakness of commercial ERP software is unable to efficiently integrate working processing of textile industry. Hereby, the study analysis some cases that introduced ERP to treatment working processing. We compared the commercial and customized ERP from selection to introduction. Commercial ERP was easy to set up and maintain, but restricted authorizing made hard to code new modules for solution of some working flow. Users were forced to modify flowing for the ERP, creating additional steps to finish a function. Otherwise, procedures for introduction of customized ERP were totally different from commercial. All of working flow have to be reconsidered and verified; than the ERP team which is composed with employee, consultant, and software engineers kick go to plan the map of ERP. Therefore, customized ERP has more flexibilities for corporate transformation. The result is presented that the most important criterial to selection of ERP is the vision of the enterprise. Customized ERP flexibly solute special requirements of industry and improve working efficiency.

面臨紡織貿易自由化之時代來臨，全球紡織產業之競爭勢必更加劇烈，通路商與品牌商之議價能力也將逐漸增強，相對而言，製造廠商勢必在成本、交期、品質與配銷上更需符合客戶需求，因此未來國內中下游之大型成衣廠、織布廠必須更落實多點佈局、全球分工之營運模式，方能面對中國大陸、印度等低成本國家之價格競爭。而對於高附加價值產品在國內生產仍具競爭利基，則可加強產品之協同設計，以提供客戶更完善之服務，並延伸價值鏈之價值活動，以建構更強有力的競爭優勢。 本研究主要探討紡織產業如何運用產業電子化以創造全球競爭力，除分析國內外紡織業者導入產業電子化之之現況與未來發展外，並以個案分析實際驗證紡織產業導入產業電子化系統之過程與成效。 本研究分析重點以產品協同設計及全球運籌管理系統之導入為主軸，同時藉由商業模式(Business Model)分析、流程模式(Process Model)分析及資訊科技模式(IT Model)分析瞭解如何導入電子化系統及預估導入之可能效益。 研究結果發現，目前國內並無紡織專用之產品協同設計系統，需藉由國內相關單位共同努力建立一套協同設計平台，以加強與客戶之協同作業。而全球運籌管理系統則可參考資訊產業之營運模式，並導入國內IT供應商已建立之相關模組，同時再配合相關作業流程之改造，必能以最有效率之方式建置相關系統。

配額制度在全球成衣產業運行超過五十年之久，深深影響整個產業生態與供應鍊的模式。WTO於1994年烏拉圭回合談判中決定分十年的時間逐步解除配額管制，並於2005年1月1 日起全面廢除配額。全球成衣產業在配額制度運作的數十年間原已形成穩定平衡的關係，但在配額制度取消之後，不管是受到配額限制或是配額保護的成衣生產國彼此之間的生產優勢均會回歸到最基本的全流程速度與成本的比較，全球成衣市場因此進入更開放、更全面的競爭，成衣生產業者也將面臨更為嚴酸的挑戰。 台灣成衣產業曾有過非常輝煌的歷史，迄今也一直是台灣最重要的創匯來源之一。在歷經1980年代末期至1990年代初期因為產業變遷所造成的淘汰與外移的困境之後，倖存的台灣成衣業者很早就開始進行全球佈局，以供應鍊管理深耕美歐市場，走出自己的一片天。 在配額制度取消前台灣業者已開始針對未來的變化做佈局上的調整，提升生產技術能力，並加強自身與客戶前端協同開發和供應鍊管理的能力，藉由與上下游垂直整合程度的提高，讓台灣業者在後配額時代來臨前已具備有成衣開發、生產至物流配送全流程中的競爭優勢。 本研究主要是以個案分析配合全球成衣主要消費市場的進口統計資訊，探討兩家傑出台灣成衣生產業者在面對後配額時代所採取的策略思維與行動方案，比對其在後配額時代所繳出的不錯成績，歸納出後配額時代全球成衣生產業者在面對降低成本、快速反應與提高服務價值等市場趨勢時所應考量的基本競爭策略。

台灣B2C電子商務市場無疑已經突顯出越來越大的商機。在網際網路的世界裡，E-commerce平台的演進、社群網路的興起、智慧行動裝置及移動科技的出現帶給B2C電子商務平台的影響，及如何運用於紡織產業，是本研究的主要研究項目。 傳統紡織業市場中，布料商有群聚效應，雖然商家眾多，但市場規模太小、且涵蓋率過低。擺設空間有限，布料、產品種類繁雜，無法將所有產品上架，而且生產布料屬大量標準化規模生產，客製化的空間有限，容易產生大量存貨。因此，布料商和消費者之間產生許多資訊不對稱，消費者的需求往往未能被滿足。經由五力分析、電子商務、價值鏈管理、STP理論等文獻探討，以及紡織產業電子化、供應鏈管理實施情況之資料蒐集分析中，了解紡織產業電子化上下游合作廠商配合情形。 本研究提出紡織產業價值鏈管理B2C電子商務平台之構想，闡述B2C平台架構、內涵及功能、推動策略等。同時，以Hyperbola作為個案研究的對象，探討公司過去經營概況、市場地位，現有的B2B平台、以及顧客服務系統，對企業在B2C電子商務平台下之運作情形。分析發現B2C平台能簡化多對多的資訊連結，增加與下游品牌商及終端消費者的溝通，並有利於提供全球化的客戶服務、加速企業在市場中的反應能力。唯有綜合佈局，全面提升競爭力，才能突出重圍，再創台灣紡織產業新一波高峰。 / Taiwan's B2C e-commerce market has undoubtedly highlighted the growing business opportunities. In the world of Internet, E-commerce platform evolution, the increase rate of social networking, mobile devices, and smart phone technology to brings the impact of B2C e-commerce platform, and how used in the textile industry, is the main focus of this study. In the traditional textile market, the fabric suppliers have cluster effect, although many businesses, but the market is too small, and the coverage is too low. Display space is limited, fabrics, products include a wide variety, not all products can go into the market, and production of fabric is a large-scale standardized production with limited space for customized work, which can cause a large qty of leftover storage. Therefore, much misunderstanding and communication between fabric supplier and customers would occur, hence the needs of the customers cannot be satisfied. Through the five forces model, e-commerce, value chain management, STP theory literature review, and digitized textile industry, supply chain management implementation of data collection analysis, brings to understand how digitized textile industries in both upstream and downstream co operation together with the relevant vendors. This study proposes the textile industry value chain management concept of B2C e-commerce platform to explain the B2C platform architecture, content and function, and promote strategies. Meanwhile, the object of Hyperbola as a case study to explore the company's past operating profile, market position, the existing B2B platform, and customer service systems, B2C e-commerce platform for enterprises operating under the mentioned circumstances. B2C platform to simplify the analysis found many to many links to information, increase with the downstream end consumer brands and communication, and facilitate the provision of global customer service, accelerate enterprise in the market response. Only with comprehensive layout, enhancing competitiveness one can be ‘out-the-box’, thus a new peak of Taiwan's textile industry appears.

過去紡織產業為台灣的主力產業，由於本國廠商掌握純熟的製造技術與低廉的勞力成本，促使產品達到高品質、低成本之優勢。然而，產業環境逐漸全球化，導致台灣廠商面臨中國大陸及東南亞地區勞力成本低之威脅，而喪失成本優勢，因而促使些許廠商採取海外設立製造據點策略，以因應客戶低成本的需求。但此海外擴張策略需要組織投入大量資金於建置廠房，除了提高組織之營運風險外，此策略並無法有效維持及強化自身與客戶的長遠關係，此外，台灣紡織廠商應運用研發技術之優勢，提供差異化產品以創造更高利潤。而當紡織廠商欲達到此目標且藉此拓展海外潛在客戶合作關係時，唯有利用海外業務據點之成立，才能降低營運風險，且貼近客戶端以了解需求，並提升雙方合作關係之緊密度。 本研究將採取質化個案研究方法，深度訪談台灣紡織產業內的標竿企業─A公司，且輔以蒐集隸屬於同集團下─B公司之次級資料，並加以運用Dunning(1980)之折衷理論，探討個案公司如何運用自擁優勢、區位優勢及內部化優勢，及組織與內外部重要利害關係人之網絡關係，以提高組織設立海外業務據點之成功機會，此外，本研究也蒐集大量之次級資料，分析組織分別設立海外業務據點及製造據點所需具備OLI理論各層面優勢之差異性。 研究結論顯示，於OLI架構下，文化距離差異度愈低之自擁優勢、廠商專屬程度愈高之資產；產業聚合密度較高與人力專屬性較高之區位優勢；母公司掌控程度越高之內部化優勢皆正向影響組織設立海外業務據點；而於內外部網絡關係層面，廠商與相關企業間業務人員銷售能力共用程度高之網絡關係、廠商間相互依存度高之外部網絡關係及地主國政府所提供的資源豐富性越高之外部網絡關係，皆能對於廠商設立海外業務據點形成助益。 / In the past, the textile industry was prosperous in Taiwan because of professional techniques and low labor costs. However, these advantages disappear gradually because of the economic growth of developing countries such as China and Vietnam. Therefore, the managers in textile enterprises in Taiwan have to develop some strategies to overcome the challenges. Most of these companies strengthen their R&D skills to make differentiated products and then gain more profits. At the same time, they will reduce the operational risk and build the strong customer relationships by establishing the overseas sale and marketing sites. The study uses qualitative research method to interview the vice president and the assistant manager in the case company. Furthermore, the research applies the “Eclectic Paradigm”, which was published by Dunning in 1980, to discuss how the case company used the ownership advantages, location advantages, internalization advantages and the network relationships to increase the possibility of expanding the business overseas by establishing the sites. Moreover, the research also compares the differences between the production sites and sales and marketing sites. To sum up, there are some findings in the research. When the ownership advantages with low cultural difference and high specific assets, the location advantages with high cluster density of the industry and high specific labor assets, the internalization advantages with high control by the headquarter will encourage the company to set the sales and marketing sites overseas. On the other hand, the internal social networks about the sale resources between the organization and affiliated companies, the external social networks with high dependency from the customers and the supporting from the host government will encourage the company to implement the global expansion strategy.