1 |
區分客語中之分類詞 / Identifying Classifiers in Hakka廖家昱, Liao, Jia Yu Unknown Date (has links)
臺灣客家語(以下簡稱客語)在分類詞與量詞的界定上一直是處於模糊的灰色地帶,先前文獻對客語分類詞的看法因界定方法不夠精確而導致有些量詞被視為分類詞,或認為分類詞與量詞並無差別。導致了分類詞在客語教學中未受到重視。本論文的研究目的如下:一、藉由精準的分類詞判定方法,重新找出文獻中的分類詞,並盡可能提供客語分類詞的清單。二、以這些清單為基礎,歸納出客語分類詞語意歸類系統。三、比較客語與華語、閩南語的分類詞語意歸類系統。最後,根據兩方言的差異,提供給客語分類詞教學的依據。
因此,本論文利用Her & Hsieh(2010)與Her(2012)所提供的分類詞與量詞的語法測試、集合論、語意數值為基礎,重新界定歷年文獻中的語料。文獻來自教育部、國科會研究計劃、專書、碩士論文、字典。本文將這些文獻依其對分類詞的界定分成兩類:將量詞與分類詞視為相同、區分分類詞與量詞但不夠精準。
|
2 |
臺灣客語強化程度副詞之分析:以口語語料庫為本 / Degree Intensifiers in Taiwan Hakka: a study based on a Spoken Corpus胡雪瀅, Hu, Hsueh-Ying Unknown Date (has links)
日常生活中,由於表達的需要,說話者常會使用強化程度副詞,作為增強或強調其所欲言的一種手段。本論文旨在藉由觀察口語語料庫中的對話,將臺灣客語六個常見強化程度副詞「恁、當、蓋、盡、異、還」視作強化程度副詞詞群,進一步以[DI. + X] 結構討論以下面向:(一) 探討其後接修飾之成分在句法、語意層面之表現。本文發現其後接成分可分為典型成分類與非典型成分類,以形容詞一類為大宗,其後接成分會受到等級性(gradability)、有界與無界性(boundedness)等參數影響語意的解讀。(二) 探討強化程度副詞[DI. + X]結構於句法所扮演的角色。本文發現此結構多半出現在謂語之位置,除了強化語意外,同時也展現說話者之態度或對某主題之評價。(三) 探討強化程度副詞[DI. + X] 結構於口語使用中的語法化與詞彙化現象,本文認為這些現象由於溝通需要,亦會伴隨提升主觀性(subjectivity),尤其是強化程度副詞「恁」的主觀性為詞群中最高。藉由上述不同面向探討與分析臺灣客語六個強化程度副詞「恁」、「當」、「蓋」、「盡」、「異」、「還」之表現,以期能更系統性解釋強化程度副詞是如何在口語使用中展現與運作。 / The aim of the present study is to examine the [DI. + X] construction manifested by the six degree intensifiers 恁an2, 當dong1, 蓋goi3 , 盡qin3 ,異i3 , and還han5 in Taiwan Hakka based on their authentic usages in a spoken corpus. Three findings can be reported as follows. First, by exploring the modified elements from the aspect of their structure and meaning, the study classifies the modified elements into canonical and non-canonical usages. X as AP takes up the majority of the occurrences of the syntactic categories. Such manifestation can be accounted for various linguistic behaviors of gradability and boundedness. Second, the [DI. + X] construction usually serves as a predicate, the prominent grammatical function, in a clause. This implies that the [DI. + X] construction is generally adopted by different speakers to not only add intensity but also make judgements or comments. Third, the [DI. + X] construction displays grammaticalization and lexicalization. Due to communication needs, these linguistic phenomena can also motivate the subjectivity. It is found that the [恁an2 + X] construction can display the highest subjectivity among the six. To sum up, this study, with its analysis of different syntactic and semantic aspects of the six degree intensifiers in Taiwan Hakka, offers useful insights into explaining the manifestation of degree intensifiers during speech.
|
Page generated in 0.1878 seconds