1964年的東京灣事件可說是美國參加越戰的一個觸發點。雖然美國在甘迺迪總統時期就已經以派駐軍事顧問團的方式介入越南內部事務；但美國真正派軍隊進入越南，實地參與越戰的進行，卻要等到東京灣事件發生，國會通過《東京灣決議案》(Joint Resolution of Congress H.J. RES 1145, The Tonkin Gulf Resolution)後，才正式點燃美國與北越間的戰火。因此有人將《東京灣決議案》通過的日子—1964年8月7日，作為越戰正式爆發的日子。 本論文著重焦點是1964年的東京灣事件，美國政府於2004年、2005年與2006年先後針對東京灣事件將許多過去重要的機密檔案進行解密，使大眾能一窺四十年前歷史的真相。雖然在東京灣事件之後，不斷有懷疑的聲浪出現，但過去研究皆未能夠提出足夠官方證據證明此事件的真偽。本論文藉由資料收集、整理、分析，將此一歷史事件完整的呈現；並以此事件為點，向外擴大到探討此點對於美國的越南政策的確發生了變化。這樣的變化，對美國、南北越，甚至是國際社會來說，也帶來某種程度的衝擊。 本文在寫作時前半部份主要利用歷史分析法，還原東京灣事件之始末；後半部份則運用文獻分析，著重於資料的歸納與分析，探討美國政府對越南政策上，如何進行內部各單位、部會之間的意見交換及辯論，以有助於觀察美國對越南政策形成之背景與經過。

隨著我國壽險業資產比率快速增加，投資績效不但影響眾多保戶的權益，更影響整體經濟之安定，但面臨現今全球金融和經濟環境劇烈動盪，加上壽險同業間激烈競爭的情況，我國壽險公司如何訂定投資策略做好資產配置，對壽險公司的營運健全而言相當重要。現行保險法第一百四十六條限制壽險公司的投資上限，但法令限制對壽險公司資產配置的影響為何，本研究將透過Markowitz的平均數－變異數投資組合模式對我國整體壽險業及國泰人壽、南山人壽、新光人壽及富邦人壽探討之；並以夏普指數、崔納指數及詹森指數，評估上述四家壽險公司之資金運用績效；另藉由分析壽險業之資金成本是否低於實際投資率，以達成研究壽險業長期資產配置之穩健度。 本研究主要結論如下：1.運用Markowitz 投資組合模型所推導出的效率前緣，以最大Sharpe Measure評估，不受法令限制下所建立之最佳投資組合，較有受法令限制下所建立之最佳投資組合的期望報酬率高，且分散風險的效果較佳。2.整體壽險業及前四大壽險公司之實際投資報酬率皆低於其實際投資組合之期望報酬，顯示壽險業於資金運用的靈活度及績效性有改善的空間。3.以績效評估指標求出前四大壽險公司的資金運用績效，發現新光人壽在此三項評估指標皆位居最後；國泰人壽在評估中皆名列前茅。4.新光人壽的平均實際報酬率低於平均資金成本，應控管好資金成本並加強投資組合之績效；富邦人壽平均實際報酬率高過平均資金成本最多，顯示富邦人壽在資金成本控管及投資績效有良好之表現。整體壽險業的實際報酬率亦高於平均資金成本，顯示我國壽險業於營運狀況正常。 / With the life insurance companies’ assets ratio rapidly increasing, the investment performances affect not only the right of a number of policy holders, but also affect the economic stability. However, facing the dynamic global financial and economic environment and the keen competition in the domestic life insurance industry, the life insurance companies need to adopt the proper investment strategy. Law of Insurance 146th p restricts the investment upper limit of the life insurance company. This research will use Markowitz MV model to discuss the influence of this investment restriction on life insurance companies’ asset allocation by the samples of Life industry, Cathay Life Insurance, Nan Shan Life Insurance, Shin Kong Life Insurance, and Fubon Life Insurance, and evaluate the performances of these four life insurance companies by Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen’s measure. This research also analyze the cost of capital and real rate of return of these companies to examine the stability of life insurance industry’s long term asset allocation. The conclusions of this research are as follows: 1.Evaluated by the Markowitz efficient frontier and the Sharpe measure, there is the higher expected rate of return and better diversification with no investment restriction. 2.The actual rates of return of the life insurance industry and the above four life insurance companies are below the expected rates of returns of their portfolio evaluated be the Sharpe measure, which means the life insurance industry need to prove their capital allocation. 3. Comparing the performance of the life insurance companies by the performance indicator, we find the then Shin Kong Life Insurance is the last, while Cathay Life Insurance has a good score. 4. We also find the real rate of return of Shin Kong Life Insurance is lower than its cost of capital, which means Shin Kong Life Insurance need to adjust its cost of capital and the investment performance. Meanwhile, Fubon Life Insurance is the excellent in controlling the cost of capital and investment. The real rate of return of the Life insurance industry is higher than its cost of capital, and that shows the Life insurance industry has normal operation.