在軟體開發的過程中，有效的需求管理能促成高品質的軟體及管理。在CMMI中與需求管理有關的議題包括需求發展(Requirements Development)流程領域-屬於CMMI成熟度第三級，提供一些目標、執行方法(practices)和相關資訊作為指引，協助開發團隊發展顧客需求和產品需求。另一個相關議題-需求管理(Requirements Management) 流程領域，屬於CMMI成熟度第二級，可用於幫助需求管理的規劃與控制，建立追蹤機制，以及評估改變衝擊。 本篇論文以達成CMMI中需求發展和需求管理流程領域目標為前提，利用概念形成(Concept Formulation)和系統展示(System Representation)研究方法，並調適RUP中的需求工作流程(workflow)，最後發展出一個整合的需求管理架構-稱為IREQM(Integrated Requirements Management)，用於處理需求面的問題。本研究亦根據IREQM架構進行實作，發展出一套可協助軟體需求發展與管理的支援系統。最後，我們利用自我評鑑表，評估IREQM及依據IREQM實作的雛型系統與CMMI目標和執行方法相符的程度。 / Effective requirements management can help the software development process to ensure a high-quality software development and management process. In CMMI, the process area RD (Requirements Development) provides a set of goals, practices, and related features to develop customer and product requirements, and the process area REQM (Requirements Management) is to help establishing and appraising the quality of requirements management. Both issues are covered by the generic requirement management concerns. This study is conducted by the Concept Formulation and System Representation method to develop a systematic process to deal with the requirements issues in the software development process, in order to meet the RD and REQM goals in CMMI. The study proposes an integrated requirement management framework, called IREQM, tailored from the requirements workflow in RUP. A CMMI support system, to implement IREQM is established to facilitate the REQM and RD activities during the software development process. Finally, a self-appraisal checklist is used to evaluate the compliance of the IREQM framework and its implementation to the CMMI model.

台灣現代零售通路之省電燈泡需求管理 / THE DEMAND MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY-SAVING BULBS IN TAIWAN MAJOR MODERN RETAIL CHANNELS: THE FORECAST PERSPECTIVE

由於環保意識抬頭及商界和社會之間日益惡化的情況下，企業正在努力尋找新的商業模式來重塑資本主義。麥可·波特主張創造共享價值，試圖找尋新一波創新的商業模式來重塑資本主義。共享價值模式能夠為企業和社會創造財富，因此為越來越多的企業紛紛加入創造共享價值的行列。 本論文主要使用個案分析法和次級資料分析法進行研究。研究係透過了解利害相關人對於智慧電網的態度，以及解析智慧電網產業價值鏈來分辨共享價值之所在。透過對於智慧電網相關的研究，以及共享價值的學術文獻來建立研究架構。同時也蒐集了IBM公司以及智慧電網相關產業的動態訊息支持研究分析。其目的是要找出IBM公司的商業模式是否符共享價值模型之定義。研究彙整了智慧電網的利害相關人的意見，並且進行IBM所提供智慧電網方案與共享價值的關聯性分析。然後建議IBM對於創造共享價值可能的發展方向與模式。 研究結果發現IBM提供的智慧電網方案與創造共享價值其實是有關聯性的。然而，大部分的價值是透過與產業鏈結合而間接被創造出來的。在智慧電網方面，IBM並無法獨立創造出共享價值。因而提出了在面對利害關係人時，需要清楚辨認誰是最主要的影響者。透過連鎖效應的方式使得智慧電網能夠更符合創造共享價值。 另外，由於智慧電網應用技術的複雜性使得本研究的力度受到限制。 / Due to the rise of environmental awareness and the worsening situations between the business community and society, corporations are trying to find a way to reinvent capitalism. Michael E. Porter advocates that Creating Shared Value might be the answer for how business will able to reinvent capitalism and unleash the next wave of business and innovation. More and more corporations have jumped on the CSV bandwagon to create wealth for both the business and the society. Case analysis and secondary data analysis techniques are employed in this paper as the research method, through analyzing the stakeholders that are in the smart grid landscape. Academic literature, research papers, publications and information from relevant websites are used to support the analysis. The purpose is to find out whether IBM Company’s business model is in accordance with the shared value model by analyzing the opinions of stakeholders of smart grid and the proposes values of IBM’s smart grid solutions. The results are that most of the solutions that IBM has for smart grid are somehow relevant to the concept of CSV. However, most of the values proposed are rather indirect　as they are often created through collaborating with other players in the value chain. IBM alone would not be able to create a shared value model of its own. Therefore, suggestion has been made to emphasize on the importance of clearly identifying who has the biggest influence among stakeholders. Through chain effect between the stakeholders to enhance Smart Grid to become a more distinct shared value model. Also, due to the complexity of technologies involved in smart grid, the research has many limitations.