Objetiva-se, nesse estudo, analisar os novos processos de modernização que se impõem nos cerrados piauienses produzidos pela presença da agricultura moderna. Tal movimento teve inicio nos anos 1970 com os primeiros projetos agropecuários e de reflorestamentos instalados através de incentivos fiscais e financeiros públicos, mais se consolida somente em meados dos anos 1990 com a ampliação do deslocamento de migrantes sulistas e de empresas do agronegócio para aquela área. Resultou dessa ocupação a apropriação privada de amplas parcelas de terras devolutas dos platôs planos onde havia uso comunitário pela população local, as quais são transformadas em mercadorias valorizadas no mercado imobiliário. As manifestações de mudanças aparecem tanto sobre o espaço agrícola que se altera diante da incorporação dos aparatos da técnica e da ciência tornando-se homogêneos, e sobre o espaço da cidade que ganha novas formas e funcionalidades. Tanto o rural quanto o urbano do sul do Estado do Piauí revelam os processos contraditórios da recente modernização, pois se transformam, simultaneamente, em espaços de produção de riqueza e de manifestação de crises. Ao mesmo tempo em que se anunciam formas inovadoras que aceleram o ritmo de produção e de circulação das mercadorias sob a liderança de empresas globais, evidencia-se a expropriação de levas de camponeses cujas únicas possibilidades disponíveis passam a ser a de venderem sua força de trabalho nas lavouras modernas de grãos em condições de extrema precarização, ou a de se instalarem nas periferias miseráveis das cidades do agronegócio. Acrescenta-se, ainda, como elemento da crise o agravamento das condições de degradação dos ambientes naturais por conta do avanço acelerado das lavouras modernas nos domínios dos gerais, afetando os ecossistemas locais. Busca-se, nesse sentido, apontar que a atual modernização dos cerrados piauienses se faz produzindo descompassos sócio-espaciais. Ela se configura, portanto, como um processo essencialmente excludente. / This study analyzes the new modernization processes raised at the cerrados in Piauí due to modern agriculture. This movement started in the early 1970´s together with the first cattle breeding and reforesting projects developed through state financial and fiscal incentives. These projects only started to consolidate around 1990´s as the displacement of people and agricultural business firms from the south of Brazil (?sulistas?) to Piauí increased. The result of this land occupation was the appropriation of vast plain plateaus escheated lands of communitarian use that turned to be commodities. These lands were valorized by housing market. Signs of these changes appeared both on the agricultural space, transformed by means of applying scientific and technological objects, which turned the space homogeneous, and the city space, that gained new shape and functionalities. Piaui´s southern urban and rural areas reveal contradictory process of this recent modernization, transformed simultaneously into spaces where richness and crisis manifestations are both produced. While innovation accelerating the production rhythm and the circulation of goods under global companies´ leadership is announced, the expropriation of peasants groups stands out. Now their possibilities only depend on selling their task force in the new corporate farming business in extremely hard working conditions or installing themselves at the poor outskirts of this agricultural business related cities. Furthermore, natural environment?s worsening conditions are a result of modern agricultural technology at those gerais. These conditions affect local ecosystems and add up another element to the crisis. In this way we intend to point out that the modernization of the cerrados piauienses is generating a socio-spatial imbalance, which configures itself as an essentially excluding process.

A ocupação urbana de Rondonópolis, até a década de 1970, restringia-se ao Centro Principal e seu entorno com predomínio da atividade residencial. Com o aumento da produção no campo, a área urbana demandava novos serviços, profissionais, além de novos espaços para moradia e instalação das atividades relativas ao comércio e prestação de serviços. Assim, objetivamos analisar as mediações existentes entre a modernização no campo e a produção do espaço urbano de Rondonópolis, particularmente após a década de 1980, tomando como referência a participação dos promotores imobiliários na produção de centralidades, a partir de dados censitários, mapeamentos, entrevistas e séries fotográficas. Durante a década de 1980, foram implantados no tecido urbano o maior número de conjuntos habitacionais e loteamentos de iniciativa particular e, públicos financiados pelo Sistema Financeiro de Habitação. Tal situação contribuiu para a criação de condições para que os promotores imobiliários e proprietários fundiários expandissem a área loteada, nem sempre edificada, intercalada aos grandes vazios urbanos, com terrenos baldios destinados à espera de valorização. As vilas formavam um arco contornando o Centro Principal e eram ocupadas por população com atividade no centro urbano, no campo ou dela proveniente, atraindo cada vez mais a massa trabalhadora para a cidade, elevando a taxa de crescimento urbano, entre 1980 e 1991, com incremento de 74%. As novas áreas intraurbanas apresentam certo grau de heterogeneidade entre elas, pois a área central da cidade alterou-se com o surgimento das avenidas especializadas e do Rondon Plaza Shopping Center, distantes do Centro Principal. O entorno dessas áreas favorece ao crescimento horizontal e vertical, com aparecimento de novos espaços de consumo, mudando a estrutura interna da cidade, passando de monocêntrica para a cidade multi(poli)cêntrica. A descentralização das atividades econômicas em Rondonópolis é um processo ainda não concluído, mas demonstra uma tendência pela dinâmica econômica, políticas locais e regionais e, pela infraestrutura e evolução industrial, caminhando para a formação de novas centralidades. / The urban occupation of Rondonópolis, until the 1970s, was reduced to the city center and its surroundings with the predominance of the residential activity. With the growth in the countrysides production, the urban area required new professional services, besides new spaces for housing and construction of activities related to the commerce. In this way, we aim to analyze the existent mediation between the modernization in the countryside and the development of the urban space in Rondonópolis, mainly after the 1980s, taking as a reference the involvement of real state brokers in the development of centralities, beginning from the computation of inhabitants data, mappings, interviews and photographical sets. During the 1980s, a greater number of housing buildings as well as private and public divisions of lands was created, financed by the Housing Financial System. Real state brokers and landlords have enlarged their lands, not always constructed, intercalated by great empty urban lands, with vacant lots waiting for valorization. The villages made an arch surrounding the city center and were occupied by population with activities in the urban center or in the countryside, attracting each time more workers to the city, raising the urban development rate, between 1980 and 1991, with increment of 74%. The new intraurban areas present a certain degree of heterogeneity among them, because the central area of the city has changed with the development of specialized avenues and Rondon Plaza Shopping Center, far away from the main city center. The surrounding of these areas favours the vertical and horizontal development, with the beginning of new consuming spaces, changing the internal structure of the city which was monocentric and started to be multi(poly)centric. The decentralization of the economical activities in Rondonópolis is still an unconcluded process, however it demonstrates a tendency for the economical dynamics, local and regional politics and, for the industrial infrastructure and evolution, leading for the constitution of new centralities

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) represents a major change to U.S. food policy. Because several FSMA rules require that covered businesses comply with standards by 2019 at the latest, the legislation is expected to have considerable effects on the U.S. food system in the near future. This research examines potential challenges associated with two different FSMA rules. The first essay uses farm-level data from the 2012 Census of Agriculture to estimate the number of farms and acres covered by the FSMA Final Rule on Produce Safety in the California, the Northeast, and the entire U.S. Industry information and interviews with stakeholders are assessed in conjunction with the Census data to hypothesize how farms in two distinct U.S. production regions, California and the Northeast, will fare under the rule. For the second essay, we developed unique datasets containing information on 425 food certification standards and 581 certification bodies. The certification data is used to develop a descriptive analysis of patterns in the international food certification industry. We show how offices of certification bodies that offer food safety certification services are distributed geographically, which serves as a basis for assessing international auditing capacity under the FSMA Final Rule on Accredited Third-Party Certification.

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The master´s thesis deals with the determination and assessment of the complete costs of reconstruction and renovation of kindergarten in the village Blažovice, located in Brno – venkov, in the South Moravian Region. Two options were chosen to assess the complete costs. The first option contains the condition of preserving the existing building with subsequent reconstruction or modernization of the building to such an extent that the building can continue to be used for the operation of the kindergarten. The costs of reconstruction are determined using the itemized budget compiled according to the project documentation of the actual state. The second option contains the demolition and the construction of a completely new building of kindergarten. In the second option, budgets are implemented by using budget indicators combined with an itemized budget. In the end, the results of the mentioned variants are evaluated.

The work deals with the issue of the current solution of on-board network regulation in aircraft using Walter-made Czech engines, especially Walter M137 and M337. The work deals with the style of the currently used solution for operating the generator and the possibilities of its replacement using modern technologies. The design and production of the newly designed device follows. An essential part of the work is also the identification of the system of the original solution and the associated design of a new controller. The work compares the original and proposed solution in several defined points. The following text also includes the certification page of the proposal, financial evaluation and recommendations for further direction.

The aim of the diploma thesis is study of modernization of Žilina railway junction. In the railway station is modified passenger station, reduced stabling station and canceled sorting station. In the diploma thesis is proposed new rail line of Košice – Bohumín track and parallel track from Bratislava. Original line speed 40 km / h is increased to 80 km / h.

The objective of my masters thesis is to design a modernization of the railway station Hanušovice. Main requirements of this thesis include the reconstruction of both end sections of the station, increasing the speed of the main track and to design the platforms for persons with reduced mobility. At least four platform edges are required. The last requirement is the design of substructure including drainage.

The aim of Diploma thesis was to suggest method of determine technical improvement building and determine effect technical improvement for the price of flat. The work is listed legal standards of technical improvement, modernization, reconstruction and repairs. These definitions are used on a practical example and base on these calculated prices of flats in a area.

The goal of this diploma thesis is the proposal and realization of modernizing experimental equipments for company named Strojírenský zkušební ústav, s.p. The company equipments deals with testing of fireplaces and stoves for solid fuels for heating. This company equipments is certified and therefore it has to realize demands for accurate measurement, reliability and subsequent manipulation of measured data. The modernizing is embodied in automation of the whole process of testing, measured data, evaluation and print of final report which is the measurement record.