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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Etude de composants électroluminescents à fluorescence retardée thermiquement activé à base de la 1,3,5 triazine et leur application au sein de la troisième génération des diodes organiques électroluminescentes (OLEDs) / Investigation of delayed fluorescence materials based on the 1 3 5 triazine and its application for the third OLED's generation

Marghad, Ikbal 03 December 2015 (has links)
La nouvelle technologie innovatrice OLEDs (diodes organiques électroluminescentes) ne cesse de susciter l'engouement des scientifiques ainsi que les recherches à leurs égards. Ces dispositifs à base de matériaux organiques s'appliquent dans quasiment tous les domaines tels que l'éclairage, l'affichage...Une découverte récente vient d'apporter sa pierre à l'édifice en mettant au point une nouvelle troisième génération d'OLEDs. Cette révélation consiste en la réduction du coût des matériaux des OLEDs en utilisant des matériaux peu onéreux dits à fluorescence retardée. C'est dans cette optique que s'inscrit ce travail de thèse qui porte sur l'étude de ce type de matériaux pour les applications dans les OLEDs. Cette thèse est décomposée en deux principales parties. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié et synthétisé des matériaux pour cette nouvelle génération d'OLED en se basant sur un modèle de molécules existant. Ce dernier représente des dérivés de triazine-carbazole connus pour leurs propriétés adéquates aux OLEDs. Cette étude a démontré pour la première fois le caractère de fluorescence retardée de ces molécules. Nous avons par la suite caractérisé ces molécules au sein des OLEDs. Les résultats montrent l'efficacité de ces molécules. Dans un deuxième temps nous nous sommes intéressés à l'étude de molécules innovantes. Ainsi, des molécules dotées de fluorescences retardées et innovantes ont été synthétisées. Cette synthèse a été effectuée par une méthode très avantageuse. Par ailleurs, la structure et propriétés de ces molécules indiquent qu'elles sont dotées de fluorescences retardées. Ainsi, il est important de poursuivre ce travail, en évaluant les propriétés de ces molécules synthétisées, ainsi que de les caractériser au sein des OLEDs. / Recently, the synthesis of free metal materials for organic LEDs by Uoyama et al adds a third kind of luminescence, named thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The added value of this discovery is to lower significantly OLED cost thanks to the metal-free structure of these so-called hyper-fluorescent molecules. This work reports on this recent discovery in OLED's. We first studied the thermally activated delayed fluorescence from an existing molecular model. The latter, fulfil the condition of the delayed fluorescence and are based from triazine-carbazole derivatives. The results revealed for thefirst time the exhibition of the delayed fluorescence from this existing model. In a second part, a novel hyperfluorescent molecule have been synthesized following the design rules for the delayed fluorescence molecules. The synthesis was done by a method based on an attractive process. Furthermore, the structure and properties of these new materials indicate that these molecules are expected to exhibit delayed fluorescent. Thus, it is important to continue this work by evaluating the properties of these molecules and the OLEDs made from these materials.
2

Synthesis of small molecules targeting filovirus inhibition / Synthèse de petites molécules ciblant l'inhibition filovirus

Niemiec-Plebanek, Elzbieta 19 December 2014 (has links)
Les virus sont au centre de problème de santé publique. En raison de l'apparition de nouveaux virus et pour certains de leur résistance aux traitements existants il est toujours d’actualité de développement de nouveaux agents antiviraux. En général, la stratégie de lutte contre les infections virales est basée sur la vaccination ou sur l'activité des petites molécules, interférant avec un ou plusieurs processus biologiques participant au cycle de vie du virus. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conçu et synthétisé des petites bibliothèques de molécules visant des propriétés anti-filovirus. Dans ce projet de recherche, nous avons mis l'accent sur le développement de composés ciblant la protéine Niemann-Pick C1, les protéases cathepsine et le processus de réplication. Lors du développement des inhibiteurs de Neimann-Pick C1 plus de 70 composés ont été synthétisés, portant le squelette pipérazine. Afin d'obtenir des inhibiteurs de cystéine cathepsines pouvant être impliqués dans la réplication du virus Ebola, nous avons synthétisé une petite bibliothèque de composés porteurs de groupement 1,3,5-triazine et possédant des activité de l’ordre du nanomolaire sur les cathepsines B, K, L et S. Enfin, pour inhiber la réplication du virus en ciblant SAH hydrolase, nous avons proposé une série de C-nucléosides carbocyclic ayant motif de 4-aza-7,9-dideazaadenosine. / The viruses cause the problem of public health. Due to the appearance of new viruses and their resistance to existing treatments there is still relevant to develop new antivirals. Generally, the strategy to combat viral infections is based on vaccination or on the activity of small molecules, interfering with one or more biological processes participating in virus life cycle. In this context, we took an effort to design and synthesize the library of small molecules possessing anti-filovirus properties. In this research project, we were focused on the developing of compounds targeting Niemann-Pick C1 protein, cathepsin proteases and replication process. In our effort into the development of the inhibitors of Neimann-Pick C1 we prepared the series of about 70 compounds, having in common the piperazine moiety. Diverse 1,4-N,N - substituents of piperazine, differencing in a size and shape were studied. In order to obtain efficient cysteine cathepsins inhibitors, we synthesized the small library of compounds bearing 1,3,5-triazine moiety. Finally, to inhibit the virus replication by targeting SAH hydrolase, we proposed the series of carbocyclic C-nucleosides having motif of 4-aza-7,9-dideazaadenosine.
3

Toward particle size reduction by spray flash evaporation : the case of organic energetic crystals and cocrystals / Réduction de la taille des particules par spray flash évaporation : le cas des cristaux et cocristaux organiques énergétiques

Pessina, Florent 05 October 2016 (has links)
La cristallisation en continu de nanoparticules énergétiques est un défi de longue date. Le Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) est une technique majeure développée et brevetée en interne, pour la production en continu de matériaux énergétiques submicroniques ou nanométriques ; la technologie se base sur la surchauffe d’un solvant pulvérisé dans le vide et s’évaporant de manière flash. Ce présent travail de recherche a pour but de comprendre et contrôler la cristallisation au sein du procédé SFE. Le RDX et le cocristal CL-20:HMX 2:1 sont étudiés. La sursaturation, concernant le SFE, est une fonction du temps et de l’espace liée aux tailles et vitesses de gouttes : elle fut variée par un anti-solvant et par l’amélioration du SFE avec un système double buse. Ensuite, PVP 40K et PEG 400 ont été utilisés afin de contrôler la nucléation et la croissance. Les particules ont pu être ajustées d’une taille de 160 nm à 5 µm, avec des morphologies facettées ou sphériques et avec des sensibilités moindres. / The continuous formation of nanosized energetic material is a long-standing challenge. Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) is a major technique, internally developed and patented, for continuously producing energetic materials at submicron or nano scale; it relies on the superheating of a solvent sprayed into vacuum and thus flashing. This present research project aims to understand and control the crystallisation occurring in the SFE process. RDX and the cocrystal CL-20:HMX 2:1 was studied overcome the limited in situ characterizations also. The supersaturation is a function of time and space in SFE, linked to the size distribution and velocity of droplets. Supersaturation was raised with an anti-solvent and by the enhancement of the SFE with a dual nozzle system. Then PVP 40K and PEG 400 were successfully used to alter the nucleation and the growth. The particles were subsequently tuned from 160 nm spheres to 5 µm grains and were less sensitive, especially toward electrostatic discharge.
4

Síntese de novos heterocíclos benzazólicos fluorescentes e sua incorporação em matrizes de celulose

Kuplich, Marcelo Domingues January 2007 (has links)
Neste trabalho é apresentada a síntese e a caracterização de compostos do tipo 2-(2’- hidroxifenil)benzazóis derivados da 1,3,5-triazina, fluorescentes devido a um mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (TPIEE). Foram preparados quatro novos corantes diclorotriazinil-(hidroxifenil)benzazólicos, que apresentam emissão de fluorescência na região azul-verde do espectro visível e deslocamentos de Stokes compatíveis com substâncias que sofrem o fenômeno da TPIEE. Estas substâncias foram caracterizadas por diversas técnicas espectroscópicas (IR, RMN e HR-MS), enquanto que as análises fotofísicas (absorção no ultravioleta-visível e emissão de fluorescência) foram realizadas em solução e no estado sólido. Os ensaios preliminares realizados indicam a possibilidade de emprego desses corantes como sondas fluorescentes de material celulósico. / The synthesis and characterization of new 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)benzazoles derivatives from 1,3,5-triazine, fluorescent due to an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, were presented in this work. The four new dichlorotriazinylbenzazole derivatives synthesized present fluorescence emission in the blue-green region of the spectra and Stokes shift compatible with ESIPT compounds. The characterization of the new fluorescent reactive dyes by means of spectroscopic (IR, RMN, UV-Vis and fluorescence) and spectrometric (HRMS) techniques, and the study of the possibilities to dye cellulose fibers were carried out. Fluorescent cellulose fibers were prepared using the dyes and a methodology used in the industry and show no color change when observed in the visible light (white cellulose) and a blue-green fluorescence when irradiated with UV light.
5

Síntese de novos heterocíclos benzazólicos fluorescentes e sua incorporação em matrizes de celulose

Kuplich, Marcelo Domingues January 2007 (has links)
Neste trabalho é apresentada a síntese e a caracterização de compostos do tipo 2-(2’- hidroxifenil)benzazóis derivados da 1,3,5-triazina, fluorescentes devido a um mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (TPIEE). Foram preparados quatro novos corantes diclorotriazinil-(hidroxifenil)benzazólicos, que apresentam emissão de fluorescência na região azul-verde do espectro visível e deslocamentos de Stokes compatíveis com substâncias que sofrem o fenômeno da TPIEE. Estas substâncias foram caracterizadas por diversas técnicas espectroscópicas (IR, RMN e HR-MS), enquanto que as análises fotofísicas (absorção no ultravioleta-visível e emissão de fluorescência) foram realizadas em solução e no estado sólido. Os ensaios preliminares realizados indicam a possibilidade de emprego desses corantes como sondas fluorescentes de material celulósico. / The synthesis and characterization of new 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)benzazoles derivatives from 1,3,5-triazine, fluorescent due to an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, were presented in this work. The four new dichlorotriazinylbenzazole derivatives synthesized present fluorescence emission in the blue-green region of the spectra and Stokes shift compatible with ESIPT compounds. The characterization of the new fluorescent reactive dyes by means of spectroscopic (IR, RMN, UV-Vis and fluorescence) and spectrometric (HRMS) techniques, and the study of the possibilities to dye cellulose fibers were carried out. Fluorescent cellulose fibers were prepared using the dyes and a methodology used in the industry and show no color change when observed in the visible light (white cellulose) and a blue-green fluorescence when irradiated with UV light.
6

Síntese de novos heterocíclos benzazólicos fluorescentes e sua incorporação em matrizes de celulose

Kuplich, Marcelo Domingues January 2007 (has links)
Neste trabalho é apresentada a síntese e a caracterização de compostos do tipo 2-(2’- hidroxifenil)benzazóis derivados da 1,3,5-triazina, fluorescentes devido a um mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (TPIEE). Foram preparados quatro novos corantes diclorotriazinil-(hidroxifenil)benzazólicos, que apresentam emissão de fluorescência na região azul-verde do espectro visível e deslocamentos de Stokes compatíveis com substâncias que sofrem o fenômeno da TPIEE. Estas substâncias foram caracterizadas por diversas técnicas espectroscópicas (IR, RMN e HR-MS), enquanto que as análises fotofísicas (absorção no ultravioleta-visível e emissão de fluorescência) foram realizadas em solução e no estado sólido. Os ensaios preliminares realizados indicam a possibilidade de emprego desses corantes como sondas fluorescentes de material celulósico. / The synthesis and characterization of new 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)benzazoles derivatives from 1,3,5-triazine, fluorescent due to an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, were presented in this work. The four new dichlorotriazinylbenzazole derivatives synthesized present fluorescence emission in the blue-green region of the spectra and Stokes shift compatible with ESIPT compounds. The characterization of the new fluorescent reactive dyes by means of spectroscopic (IR, RMN, UV-Vis and fluorescence) and spectrometric (HRMS) techniques, and the study of the possibilities to dye cellulose fibers were carried out. Fluorescent cellulose fibers were prepared using the dyes and a methodology used in the industry and show no color change when observed in the visible light (white cellulose) and a blue-green fluorescence when irradiated with UV light.
7

Préparation et dérivatisation de 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazinones : une contribution à la diversité chimique / Preparation and derivatization of 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazinones : a contribution to chemical diversity

Le Falher, Laetitia 07 November 2014 (has links)
Ce manuscrit porte sur la synthèse et les applications d'une nouvelle série de composés hétéroaromatiques : les 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones. La première partie de ce manuscrit présente la préparation de ces squelettes via une réaction d'O-arylation intramoléculaire. La seconde partie du manuscrit repose sur la réactivité de ces entités chimiques et de leur utilisation en tant qu'intermédiaires de synthèse. La fonctionnalisation des 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones, via des réactions de couplage pallado-catalysées, a permis d'obtenir des systèmes polyfonctionnalisés plus complexes. Les pyrido-oxazinones ont également été transformées, en une étape, en divers petits hétérocycles d'intérêt : les 1,3,5-triazines, les 1,2,4-triazoles et les 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. La dernière partie du manuscrit est consacrée à l'utilisation des molécules synthétisées comme potentielles sondes fluorescentes pour la détection de protéines oxydées. / This work focused on the synthesis and applications of a novel series of heteroaromaticcompounds: the 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones. The first part of this thesis presents thepreparation of these pyrido-oxazinones via an intramolecular O-arylation reaction. The secondpart of this work relies on the reactivity of these chemical entities and their use as buildingblocks. The functionalization of the 4H-pyrido[e][1,3]oxazin-4-ones has been studied viacross-coupling reactions to obtain more elaborated structures. The pyrido-oxazinones werealso converted, in one step, into other diverse small molecules of interest: 1,3,5-triazines,1,2,4-triazoles and 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. The last part of this thesis was devoted to the use of theobtained heterocycles as potential fluorescent probes for the detection of carbonylatedproteins.

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