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Earlier studies investigated the genetic structure of fragmented or isolated elephant populations by comparing the genetic characteristics of pre-defined populations. This study aimed to determine if there was genetic evidence for spatial structuring in a continuous elephant population in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA-TFCA). I sequenced one mtDNA gene region for 88 individuals and genotyped 100 individuals for 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. Bayesian Clustering Algorithms incorporated in the program Geneland were used to identify groups of genetically similar individuals. An Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) determined if these groups (henceforth referred to as subpopulations) were significantly differentiated. I used a Geographic Information System (GIS) landscape genetic toolbox to identify areas in the landscape with high genetic divergence between individual samples to determine if there were identifiable genetic barriers in the landscape. There were three significantly differentiated mtDNA sub-populations (Fst = 0.787), and two nDNA sub-populations that were not significantly differentiated (Fst = -0.02; Rst = -0.045), implying obstructed mtDNA, but high nDNA gene flow across the study region. Also, gene flow was apparent between Chobe and Kafue National Parks, where telemetry data has as of yet not recorded inter-population movements between these parks. The three mtDNA sub-populations were geographically differentiated and followed political boundaries as apparent sub-populations in Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The differences between mtDNA and nDNA genetic structuring may be explained by i) historical events that shaped the current genetic structure (e.g. through founder-effects and persistent poaching hotspots) and ii) intrinsic variables that influence genetic structure at a local scale (e.g. through resource dependencies and social behaviour). The KAZA elephant population has a genetic diversity (mtDNA diversity as the pairwise number of differences (π) = 2.59; nDNA diversity as the mean alleles/locus and He = 7.5, 0.71) higher than other southern African populations, and inter-population movements may be responsible for maintaining this genetic diversity. I recommend continued support for conservation initiatives that aim at maintaining and restoring connectivity between populations through landscape linkages, which in so doing may ensure inter-population gene flow and uphold the current genetic state of the KAZA-TFCA elephant population. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Zoology and Entomology / unrestricted

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The background of the mass may be considered from many angles. This present discussion concerns itself with the early development of the form. Since the mass is a Catholic rite, the Catholic viewpoint is followed in religious matters. The purposes of this paper are to provide backgrounds for the Catholic tradition of mass and for Austrian composer Franz Schubert, and to analyze the masses written by Schubert.

Sonata in A major, Opus 120, was written by Franz Schubert in 1819. The sonata was chosen for this study because of its proximity to the middle of the span of time in which Schubert wrote his piano sonatas. His first piano sonata was written in 1815 and the last in 1828. Since no sonatas were written in either 1821 or 1822, the years in the middle of this span, the sonata written in 1819 was chosen.

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The word "necrophilia" brings a particular definition readily to mind – that of an act of sexual intercourse with a corpse, probably a female corpse at that. But the definition of the word did not always have this connotation; quite literally the word means "love of the dead," or "a morbid attraction to death." An examination of nineteenth-century literature reveals a gradual change in relationships between the living and the dead, culminating in the sexualized representation of corpses at the close of the century. The works examined for necrophilic content are: Mary Wollstonecraft’s Mary, A Fiction, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights, and Bram Stoker’s Dracula and The Jewel of Seven Stars.

Orientador: Robert Wayne Andrew Slenes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T03:36:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_MaykonRodriguesdos_M.pdf: 2543973 bytes, checksum: ed11e9b21b339e9c6b5fabe99af5a05c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos as escravas e libertas do grupo étnico Mina que atuaram no pequeno comércio de Vila Rica entre os anos de 1753-1797. Enfatizaremos como um saber aprendido ainda na África, atuação no pequeno comércio, foi utilizado por tais mulheres para construir uma identidade relacionada ao passado e em torno da procedência comum, como também ser parte das estratégias de ascensão social que envolveu a compra da liberdade e de escravos, inserção em irmandades e acúmulo de patrimônio. Tal processo se consolida na formação de um grupo étnico: o Mina. Assim, estudamos os registros de licença de vendas de Vila Rica com o objetivo principal de comprovar a alta participação forra e escrava na atividade. Após isso, cotejamos tal fonte com testamentos para identificar nosso objeto, mulheres do grupo étnico Mina, e a partir das pretas Mina comerciantes deciframos o universo social e econômico do grupo étnico / Abstract: In this paper, it was studied the slave and freed women from the ethnic group Mina which took part in the small scale commerce in Vila Rica between the years 1753-1797. It is emphasized how the knowledge learned back in Africa, participation in small scale commerce, was used by those women to build such identity related to the past and around their common origin, as well as being part of strategies for social mobility that involved the purchase of freedom of slaves, insertion into brotherhoods and heritage accumulation. This process was consolidated in the formation of an ethnic group: Mina. Thus, records of sale license from Vila Rica were studied aiming at proving the high participation of freed and slave women in the activity. Then, that source was compared to testaments in order to identify our object, women of the ethnic group Mina, and the social and economic universe of the ethnic group was deciphered from Mina black traders / Mestrado / Historia Social / Mestre em História