One of the major text-oriented movements of the twentieth century, structuralism interests itself in the structural patterns of literary works. Gerard Genette, renowned French structuralist, examined the complex relations between the narrative and the story it tells. Among others, he dealt with tense,which works with the relationship between the time of the story (histoire) and the time of the text (recit). Thus he order concerns the relationship between the succession of events in the story and their arrangement in the text, duration has to do with distortion of narrative speed, while frequency denotes the relationship between the number of times an event appears in the story and the number of limes it is narrated or mentioned in the text (Chapter 1). Rooted in the aforementioned tenets, this study examines time order, i.e.order relations, in three novels of Northern Sotho author 0 K Matsepe, viz LeSitaphiri (Chapter 2), meqokqo ya Bjoko (Chapter 3) and Letsofalela (Chapter 4). By reconstructing the story from the text in each case, the remarkable extent to which Matsepe deviated from linear chronology was revealed The investigation disclosed numerous discrepancies between story-time and text-time, in Genette's terms known as anachrolis: analepsis which implies a "return to the past" and prolepsis denoting "a leap into the future". All three works begin in medias res, which means that the starting point of the text is not the starting point of the story. Through his abundant use of analepsis Matsepe manages to blur the distinction between past and present, creating a literary portrait of simultaneity and timelessness, a reality, yet different from the real world. In a world fraught with magic, turmoil and strife, peace can only be enjoyed when the inhabitants have moved to a new locality. In so doing, Matsepe hints at another world as the eventual peaceful destination of man. The few instances of prolepsis similarly stress that longing for a better dispensation: on earth man is but a sojourner on his way somewhere (Chapter 5). / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

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One of the major text-oriented movements of the twentieth century, structuralism interests itself in the structural patterns of literary works. Gerard Genette, renowned French structuralist, examined the complex relations between the narrative and the story it tells. Among others, he dealt with tense,which works with the relationship between the time of the story (histoire) and the time of the text (recit). Thus he order concerns the relationship between the succession of events in the story and their arrangement in the text, duration has to do with distortion of narrative speed, while frequency denotes the relationship between the number of times an event appears in the story and the number of limes it is narrated or mentioned in the text (Chapter 1). Rooted in the aforementioned tenets, this study examines time order, i.e.order relations, in three novels of Northern Sotho author 0 K Matsepe, viz LeSitaphiri (Chapter 2), meqokqo ya Bjoko (Chapter 3) and Letsofalela (Chapter 4). By reconstructing the story from the text in each case, the remarkable extent to which Matsepe deviated from linear chronology was revealed The investigation disclosed numerous discrepancies between story-time and text-time, in Genette's terms known as anachrolis: analepsis which implies a "return to the past" and prolepsis denoting "a leap into the future". All three works begin in medias res, which means that the starting point of the text is not the starting point of the story. Through his abundant use of analepsis Matsepe manages to blur the distinction between past and present, creating a literary portrait of simultaneity and timelessness, a reality, yet different from the real world. In a world fraught with magic, turmoil and strife, peace can only be enjoyed when the inhabitants have moved to a new locality. In so doing, Matsepe hints at another world as the eventual peaceful destination of man. The few instances of prolepsis similarly stress that longing for a better dispensation: on earth man is but a sojourner on his way somewhere (Chapter 5). / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre a vida e obra do compositor Lupicínio Rodrigues, associada a experiência de vida de um grupo de pessoas ligadas à boemia de Porto Alegre. Constituiu-se numa retomada do gênero biográfico sob uma perspectiva historiográfica, estabelecendo relações entre este tipo de abordagem e as histórias de vida, história social da música e história do cotidiano. / This paper is on the results of a research about life and work of the composer Lupicínio Rodrigues, associated with the life experience of a bohemian group of people in Porto Alegre. It consisted of a retaking of the biographical branch under a historiographic scope establishing relations between that approach and life history, social history of the music and daily history.

Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre a vida e obra do compositor Lupicínio Rodrigues, associada a experiência de vida de um grupo de pessoas ligadas à boemia de Porto Alegre. Constituiu-se numa retomada do gênero biográfico sob uma perspectiva historiográfica, estabelecendo relações entre este tipo de abordagem e as histórias de vida, história social da música e história do cotidiano. / This paper is on the results of a research about life and work of the composer Lupicínio Rodrigues, associated with the life experience of a bohemian group of people in Porto Alegre. It consisted of a retaking of the biographical branch under a historiographic scope establishing relations between that approach and life history, social history of the music and daily history.

Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre a vida e obra do compositor Lupicínio Rodrigues, associada a experiência de vida de um grupo de pessoas ligadas à boemia de Porto Alegre. Constituiu-se numa retomada do gênero biográfico sob uma perspectiva historiográfica, estabelecendo relações entre este tipo de abordagem e as histórias de vida, história social da música e história do cotidiano. / This paper is on the results of a research about life and work of the composer Lupicínio Rodrigues, associated with the life experience of a bohemian group of people in Porto Alegre. It consisted of a retaking of the biographical branch under a historiographic scope establishing relations between that approach and life history, social history of the music and daily history.

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The primary intent of this thesis is to content analyze four Nigerian dailies in an attempt to look at press freedom under the civilian rule (1960-1965) and the military rule (1966-1978); and compare to see how both governments' control affected the content of the Nigerian newspapers. It also attempts to determine how both governments relate to the press and the level of press freedom in Nigeria. This newspaper analysis was significant for several reasons: It was the first research up to date that has looked at the civilian/military government control (as it affects the Nigerian newspapers' content; and furthermore, to see the form of government under which press freedom was attained more. The old, effective, traditional oral communications gradually disintegrated as the development of the press in Nigeria surfaced. The nature of press-government relationships in Nigeria today is in large part due to the legacy left by the British colonial administrators. The main sources of information were four Nigerian newspapers: Daily Times, New Nigerian, Nigerian Tribune and the Daily Express. Also a wide variety of secondary information, books and periodicals were used.

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Recent studies of bassoon music in twentieth-century Russia have unearthed a rich trove of previously little-known repertoire. Despite the abundance of original Russian bassoon music, little of it approaches the sophistication of the bassoon writing within the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russian symphonic tradition. One work which does come close to equaling those aesthetic standards is Lev Knipper’s Concerto for Bassoon and String Orchestra (1970), which confronts the bassoonist with far greater expressive and technical demands than previous Russian solo bassoon works. In order to facilitate this concerto’s incorporation into the standard bassoon repertoire, the present study has produced the first-available critical edition of the score, piano reduction and solo bassoon part to this concerto. The edition is framed by a concise biography of the composer, including an overview of his various compositional style periods, historical background on the concerto itself and an assessment of its musical contents.