William Thomas Sutherlin was born on April 7, 1822 in Pittsylvania County, Virginia. He worked in tobacco on his father's farm until 1843. He then moved to Danville and embarked on a career in tobacco manufacturing. Sutherlin's ventures in the tobacco industry allowed him to become the second wealthiest man in the state of Virginia. In 1849, Sutherlin married Jane Erwin Patrick of Greensboro, N. C. Seven years later the couple moved to their newly built country manor which has been preserved as a museum today. Sutherlin generously supported numerous industries in his hometown and constantly strove to protect the interests of his fellow Danvillians. In 1851, he began his illustrious career as a public servant. He served on the Danville Council from 1851-1855 and as Danville's mayor from 1855 to 1861. The year 1861 found Sutherlin expanding his political interests. He was one of Pittsylvania County's two delegates to the Virginia State Convention of that year. / Master of Arts

The treatment of gamma-Fe₂O₃ with cobalt(II) is an important commercial process since the product is used extensively as a magnetic material for magnetic recording. The preparation of cobalt-doped gamma-Fe₂O₃ consists of interacting Co(II) with particulate gamma-Fe₂O₃ in solution under alkaline conditions. The surface of cobalt-treated gamma-Fe₂O₃ was characterized using the surface analysis techniques of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Characterization was also accomplished using infrared spectroscopy and quantitative analysis. Surface analysis results suggest that the Co(II) is initially adsorbed as a hydrous precipitate during base addition (NaOH or NH₄OH). Following base addition, the reaction suspension was heated to 90-95°C. Results from surface analysis indicate that during this warm up period there is a conversion from the hydrous surface to a surface with a composition near CoFe₂O₄ (cobalt ferrite). No oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III) was observed. Surface analysis also suggests that cobalt-treated γ-Fe₂O₃ prepared using NaOH has a different surface chemistry than cobalt-treated γ-Fe₂O₃ prepared with NH₄OH. Following the adsorption of Co(II) on γ-Fe₂O₃ the product underwent a thermal treatment to enhance the coercivity. Surface analysis results indicate that the thermal treatment causes a significant diffusion of Co(II) into the bulk γ-Fe₂O₃. The results also suggest that the coercivity enhancement following thermal treatment is largely due to the inward diffusion of Co(II) and not a change in the surface composition of the cobalt-treated γ-Fe₂O₃. / Master of Science

A rapidly scanning directionally-sensitive three-velocity - component laser Doppler anemometer has been developed. It permits scans through 3-dimensional flows to obtain space-time velocity information. Since it has lower signal-averaging bias than pointwise measurements, only short record times are required to obtain sufficient data for statistical averages and, hence, it enables rapid mapping of the U, V, and W velocities in such flows. A flexible optical system allows for easy variation of the fringe spacings as well as the location and the size of the measurement volume. The optical paths are equalized without use of any additional optical components. A Ronchi Ruling is employed to create a horizontal stationary fringe pattern, and a dual Bragg cell is used to produce sets of moving vertical fringes. It is also shown that a scheme proposed by other workers, relying on a fringe pattern moving in the on-axis direction, will not work. The Doppler frequency is independent of the position of the receiving optics, and only one photomultiplier tube is needed to receive the signals for all three velocity components. Measurements made on a stationary solid object as well as in a dispersion of particles in water show that signals with low noise level and high fringe visibility are obtained. / M.S.

This study investigated the relative effectiveness of two group approaches to weight control, one which used a standardized diet with recipes (Redbook Wise Woman's Diet) and the other with an individualized exchange diet and one individual dietary counseling session with the investigator. Except for the dietary component, the two groups had eight identical weekly program outlines. Both groups were compared to a control group receiving standard out-patient treatment approach of one individualized dietary counseling session followed by weekly weigh-ins. There was no significant difference between treatment groups using either change in body weight or change in triceps skinfold measurements as the variable, at either the end of the treatment or at follow-up. This study also looked at eight of the Adjective Check List (ACL) Scales (defensiveness, self-confidence, personal adjustment, interception, heterosexuality, change, abasement and counseling readiness) as a means of predicting successful weight loss (more than five pounds) and the likelihood of completing the program. Participants who lost more than five pounds scored significantly lower on the change scale (p< .05) of their initial ACL questionnaire. Participants who dropped out of treatment scored significantly higher on the self-confidence (p<.05) and counseling readiness (p<.05) scales. Finally, this study evaluated changes in dietary intake before and after treatment. At the end of treatment, dietary intake of total kilocalories and percent of calories consumed as fat both significantly decreased, while the percentage of calories consumed as protein increased significantly. / M.S.

This study investigated the potential use of wide skidder tires for forest harvesting operations on steep slopes. During the summer of 1984, field tests were conducted to compare the performance characteristics of 24.5-32 and 66-43 rubber tires on a JD-640 grapple skidder loaded with tree length material. The skidder was operated on 20%, 25% and 30% slopes on Piedmont soils near Rome, Georgia. Video recorders were used to document the field measurements and observations of machine travel time and wheel slip over defined courses. Soil compaction was evaluated by comparing soil cone penetrometer readings taken in the wheel tracks of the test lanes to those taken in undisturbed adjacent areas. Skidder lateral stability was analyzed using the mathematical model developed in this study. Based on the results of statistical analyses of the data and field observations obtained under the test conditions, the skidder equipped with wide tires generally attained higher average speeds, tended to cause less wheel slip, resulted in smaller increases in soil cone penetrometer readings, and had significantly greater stability on sideslopes than the skidder equipped with the narrow tires. The stability model developed in this study predicted the critical sideways tipping angle for a JDâ 64O grapple skidder to be approximately 32° when fitted with the 24.5-32 tires, and 44° when fitted with the 66-43 tires. / Master of Science

Soil water movement and desorption studies were conducted on two agriculturally important soil series. The soils selected were the Norfolk soil (a fine loamy, siliceous, thermic, Typic Paleudult) and the Cecil soil (a clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Hapludult). Water desorption properties were investigated in the laboratory and in situ. The soil water desorption curves developed in the laboratory for both soils were relatively uniform. This observation was also true for most horizons for the desorption curves developed from the field data. The results for the B horizons of the Cecil soil showed the greatest variability, with the field data being the most variable. Comparisons of the field and laboratory water contents at given tensions show the field values were lower than laboratory values for horizons with over 40 percent sand and less than 30 percent clay. Field values were higher than laboratory values in the B horizons of both soils. In all other horizons, the field values were close to those obtained in the laboratory. The Norfolk soil was found to contain more plant available water than the Cecil soil. The selection of an upper limit for plant available water estimation is critical, especially for the Norfolk soil. The Cecil soil yielded little water between -.05 and -.30 bars, whereas the Norfolk soil yielded a relatively large amount of water (more than 3 times greater) in this range. This would nearly double the predicted plant available water for the Norfolk soil. Results of this study show that the irrigation management of the Cecil soil would require smaller amounts of water applied frequently, whereas the Norfolk soil could hold larger amounts of plant available water applied less frequently. This would allow more time between irrigations. / Master of Science

Master of Architecture

One hundred and eighteen (118) Campylobacter strains were studied by DNA homology experiments and characterized phenotypically. These strains formed eleven (11) distinct DNA homology groups (species) corresponding to C. fetus, C. "hyointestinalis", C. jejuni, C. coli, C. laridis, C. nitrofigilis, C. sputorum, C. mucosalis, C. concisus, and two unnamed groups currently referred to as the aerotolerant campylobacters and the "catalase-negative or weak" (CNW) strains. For practical reasons, we propose retaining the subspecies fetus and venerealis designations for C. fetus. In addition, we propose that the subspecies sputorum and bubulus designations for C. sputorum be dropped and replaced with biovars sputorum, bubulus and fecalis, the latter biovar including the catalase-positive strains formerly known as C. “fecalis". Biotyping schemes are also presented for C. jejuni and C. coli. Growth at 25 and 42°C, sensitivity to nalidixic acid and cephalothin, growth in semisolid medium containing 1% glycine, 1% oxgall or 3.5% NaCl, growth in a semisolid minimal medium (MM), anaerobic growth in 0.1% trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), H₂S production in Sulfide-Indole-Motility (SIM) medium, or on triple sugar iron (TSI) agar slants, hippurate hydrolysis, aerobic growth on agar plates, a requirement for H₂ or formate for microaerophilic growth or H₂ or formate and fumarate for anaerobic growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity proved to be the most useful phenotypic characteristics for identifying these strains at the species, subspecies and biovar levels. / Ph. D.

The purposes of this study were to (a) explore the relationship between the nursing faculty member's perception of the climate for research and the research productivity of nursing faculty members; and (b) identify educational and administrative interventions possessing the potential for increasing research productivity. The questionnaire consisted of a modification of Likert’s <i>Profile of Organizational Characteristics</i> Form S, perceptions of the influence of organizational climate on research productivity, several aspects of institutional support, job-related data, and research productivity for the period June 1980-May 1983. Data were analyzed using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. Descriptive statistics were compared for types of institutional support. Research productivity ranged from 0-40 research publications and presentations in the 3 year period. Twenty-five percent of the faculty produced 80 percent of the research. Almost half of the respondents did no research for the period studied. Organizational climate ranged from System 1 (Exploitative-Authoritative System) to System 4 (Participative Group) with the predominate climate being System 3 (Consultative System). Although faculty perceived components of organizational climate as affecting their research productivity, the finding revealed only a low positive correlation (.173, p <.05) between organizational climate and research productivity. The relationships (p <.05) between two other measures of climate (number of current facilitators and number of additional research knowledge needs) and research productivity were low (.252, -.162 respectively). No relationship was found between other climate measures (number of facilitators needing change and number of types of research training faculty desired) and research productivity. Faculty indicated that primarily monetary-related facilitators and rewards for research were most frequently available and that time-related and knowledge and skill-related facilitators were least frequently available. High producers had some of the same needs as other producers, e.g., workload policy providing time for research. Other needs, particularly knowledge and skill needs, differed by productivity level. Two interventions were suggested: (a) a workload policy with time for research, and (b) educational interventions for faculty with various productivity levels. / Ed. D.

Four studies were performed to examine peripheral factors involved with food intake regulation in the domestic fowl. In the first study, the mechanism by which tryptophan depresses food intake was clarified. Intraperitoneal injections of tryptophan methyl ester were demonstrated to inhibit feeding in Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) cockerels. Intragastric intubations of tryptophan inhibited food intake and decreased body temperature of SCWL cockerels. These results, in conjunction with previous findings, indicate that tryptophan's inhibitory influence on food intake is peripherally rather than centrally based. The second study explored the role of the duodenum in food intake regulation. Intraduodenal glucose loads had no effect on food intake of SCWL or Rock Cornish (RC) commercial broiler cockerels. In addition, splanchnicectomized birds did not respond to intraduodenal glucose infusions any differently than sham-operated controls. Apparently, the duodenum does not play a significant role in food intake control in the fowl. Hepatic involvement in appetite regulation was examined in SCWL and RC cockerels in the third study. Amino acid solutions failed to influence food intake when infused intraportally in either strain of chicken. Relatively small glucose or lipid solutions depressed food intake significantly when infused intraportally in the SCWL birds but had no effect in the RC cockerels. The liver appears to be integrally involved in controlling food consumption in the SCWL chicken. In the final study, the existence of a "hunger" factor in the peripheral circulation of two lines of chickens divergently selected for body weight was explored. Intrahepatic infusions of plasma from food deprived high-weight line chickens stimulated food intake of sated low-weight line chickens. These studies indicate that peripheral mechanisms are important in regulating appetite in light-breed chickens such as the SCWL, however, such mechanisms in heavy-breed chickens such as the RC appear to be less sensitive. This desensitization in heavy-breed chickens suggests that genetic selection for increased growth has affected the food intake control systems. / Ph. D.