The way in which design proposals are presented strongly influences the evaluation of the designs themselves. Experienced designers know how to deal with these effects. However, the understanding of the parameters of the design representations and their impact on the design evaluations remained vague. In this research, drawing parameters have been identified and stimulus material with systematically varied representation parameters (such as shading or contours) has been developed. The impact of the representation parameters on the subjective evaluations has been investigated in a multivariate experimental setting. Finally, very concrete findings could be obtained and statistically proven – some of which corresponded to the formulated hypotheses, but some of which were unexpected. The results can be used in further research, in design education and also in recommendations as well as supporting (AI) tools for design practice.

Over the past few decades, additive manufacturing (AM) evolved from rapid prototyping (RP) into mature manufacturing technologies for complex high-performance end use products. The transition in the industrial application of these technologies necessitates a design methodology tailored to the potentials and restrictions of AM. This contribution presents a new application system for opportunistic and restrictive component design, which can be integrated into design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) methodologies. For the first time, methods for AM part design are being drawn from standards and integrated into an application system, supporting professionals in the practical implementation of design for additive manufacturing methods.

Volatile markets and the integration of products into cyber physical systems state new challenges for companies. Especially products with long development times are more difficult to design since the quality of market forecasts decreases and the rate of change increases. It becomes necessary to continuously develop products and implement smaller changes according to current market trends to keep them attractive and remain able to offer them at a competitive price. To manage the challenging market development, companies need to increase their flexibility. Therefore, the product family and the production system must be redesigned together to facilitate the implementation of unpredictable product changes in the product family and the corresponding production system. This paper presents a case study conducted at a German car manufacturer, which is used to derive criteria for the comparison of modular product concepts in terms of flexibility from a product development and production perspective.

For manufacturers of complex interdisciplinary system solutions, the Digital Thread is an essential element that serves as the backbone of technical and organizational data flows. This study proposes a graph-based Digital Thread that integrates a Digital Model and a derived Digital Twin in a native graph database in a polyglot architecture. The approach includes dynamic processes such as advanced interdisciplinary change management and additional data from different lifecycle phases, using objects and relations described by attributes to minimize redundancy while enabling view creation and filtering. Companies often have discipline-oriented IT landscapes that create data silos and prevent contextbased integration of data and process models. The Digital Thread as a backbone represents an approach to overcome these silos as a system lifecycle-spanning system.

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit zeitlichen Gestaltungsparametern. Forschungsergebnisse und Anwendungsbeispiele belegen, dass Zeit in hohem Maße gestaltbar ist, jedoch in Gestaltungsprozessen bislang wenig Berücksichtigung findet – und das obwohl der Produkt- bzw. Serviceerfolg anhand von zeitlichen Parametern gemessen wird. Betrachtet werden Methoden, um die zeitlichen Bedürfnisse des Benutzenden zu identifizieren und in einen zeitlichen Kontext zu setzen. Anhand von greifbaren Anwendungsbeispielen werden Gestaltungsprinzipien für Zeit erläutert und deren Bedeutung für einen positiven Impact auf Gesellschaft, Umwelt und insbesondere Geschäftsmodelle skizziert. Die Aktivierung des zeitlichen Gestaltungspotenzials ist Nährboden und zugleich Ermöglicher für zukünftige Produkt- und Serviceinnovationen. Lesezeit: 14 Minuten.

Dieser Artikel behandelt die vielfältige Einbeziehung von NutzerInnen- und Betroffenenperspektiven in einem gegebenen Projekt- und Zeitrahmen. Mit einer bewussten Zusammenstellung von meist qualitativen Designforschungsmethoden, können zukunftsfähige und innovative Ergebnisse erarbeitet werden. Die grundlegende These ist: durch eine wirkungsvolle ProbandInneneinbindung und Integration von Bedarfen kann in der Umsetzungs- und Nachbereitungsphase des Projektes Zeit eingespart werden, da es zu weniger Konflikten und Unstimmigkeiten kommt. Diese Bedarfe variieren je nach Kontext: in einer Gestaltung von Betreuungsdienstleistungen und -räumen für Kinder könnten mehr Rückzugs- oder Bewegungsmöglichkeiten berücksichtigt werden oder im öffentlichen Raum könnten Orte für einen variablen Aufenthalt adressiert werden. Um zu zeigen, wie solche Bedarfe sinnvoll erhoben und identifiziert werden können, gibt der Artikel Einblicke in ein Fallbeispiel zum Thema Wohnungslosigkeit, welches im Masterstudiengang Transformation Design an der Technischen Hochschule Augsburg entstanden ist. In diesem Kontext geht es um eine komplexe strukturelle Veränderung, um wohnungslose Menschen mit unterschiedlichen Ansätzen langfristig zu unterstützen. Für manche kann diese strukturelle Unterstützung bedeuten wieder eine feste Wohnumgebung zu erhalten, für andere bedeutet es einen planbaren, sicheren Schlafplatz in der Nacht zur Verfügung gestellt zu bekommen. In der Ergebnisdiskussion soll der angewandte Prozess für Forschungsprojekte anderer transferierbar gemacht werden.

In the realm of Artificial Intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as a new technology, rapidly gaining prominence across various domains due to their impressive capabilities. This paper investigates key concepts, potentials and obstacles associated with integrating LLMs into the product development process. The initial focus lies on clarifying the underlying mechanisms and capabilities of LLMs to provide a clear and practical understanding. Building upon this foundation, the exploration shifts to the potential applications of LLMs in product development. An assessment matrix evaluates the capabilities of LLMs with regards to engineering challenges, highlighting how these models could potentially improve key aspects of the development process. Additionally, the obstacles associated with implementation in a product development context are addressed.

La gestion des flottes vieillissantes conduit à étudier les effets de la corrosion sur la tenue mécanique des structures en alliages d'aluminium, depuis les défauts de corrosion de surface jusqu'à la fissure mécaniquement active.<br />Nous avons caractérisé la sensibilité de l'alliage 2024-T351 à la corrosion intergranulaire. Il se forme en 7h d'immersion dans NaCl 0.5 M un défaut semi-elliptique de 200 µm de profondeur. Puis la corrosion intergranulaire ralentit fortement. <br />Nous avons étudié les mécanismes de propagation en fatigue à partir de ces défauts, en particulier la transition entre la corrosion intergranulaire et les fissures transgranulaires courtes de fatigue. A chaque étape de l'endommagement, une estimation des cinétiques, du Delta-K et la morphologie des défauts sont données. Deux mécanismes ont été distingués : un mécanisme de corrosion sous contrainte (cyclique) intergranulaire et un mécanisme de fatigue corrosion transgranulaire. Un critère de transition est proposé

Industrial products of high-strength Al-alloys are currently manufactured by thermo-mechanical processes, which are only applicable in the integrated plants requiring high investment cost. Moreover, reduction of the average grain size not less than 10 &mu / m and re-adjustment of process parameters for each alloy type is evaluated as disadvantage. Therefore, recently there have been many research studies for development of alternative manufacturing techniques for aluminum alloys. Research activities have shown that it is possible to improve the strength of Al-alloys remarkably by severe plastic deformation which results in ultra-fine grain size. This study aims to design and manufacture the laboratory scale set-ups for severe plastic deformation of aluminum alloys, and to characterize the severely deformed samples. The stages of the study are summarized below: First, for optimization of die design and investigation of parameters affecting the deformation finite element modeling simulations were performed. The effects of process parameters (die geometry, friction coefficient) and material properties (strain hardening, strain-rate sensitivity) were investigated. Next, Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) system that can severely deform the rod shaped samples were designed and manufactured. The variations in the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2024 Al-alloy rods deformed by ECAP were investigated. Finally, based on the experience gained, a Dissimilar Channel Angular Pressing (DCAP) system for severe plastic deformation of flat products was designed and manufactured / then, 6061 Al-alloy strips were deformed. By performing hardness and tension tests on the strips that were deformed by various passes, the capability of the DCAP set-up for production of ultra-fine grain sized high-strength aluminum flat samples were investigated.

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