Varje år träder ca 50 000 människor ur Svenska kyrkan och avsäger sig därmed rätten att begravas i Svenska kyrkans ceremoniella ordning och lokaler. Man träder ut ur kyrkans ordning, och ut ur kyrkans rum, men man träder inte in i något annat. Mitt kandidatarbete är ett försök att visa på en annan ordning och andra rum. / Every year some 50 000 people exits the Swedish Church and disclaims thus the right to be buried in the Swedish Church ceremonial order and premises. They leave behind the order of the Church, and exits the church room, but they do not enter anything else. My graduate work is an attempt to present an alternative order and alternative rooms.

<p dir="ltr">Printed Circuit Boards have become a vital component in the connected world in which we live in today. They can be found in all electronic devices, but their shape and function has been limited by the manufacturing capabilities of PCBs. The methods for manufacturing PCBs are well researched and optimized but have pitfalls as they are only capable of producing two dimensional, planar devices. As the demand for more integrated circuitry and electronics in devices like wearable technologies increases so will the need for a more flexible method for producing PCBs.</p><p dir="ltr">The purpose of this study was to create and analyze a method of creating PCBs using multi-material 3D printing and an electroplating process. The analysis includes an experimental procedure that will conclude whether the specimens created can conduct electricity at the same level of traditionally manufactured PCBs. This research proposed a procedure for manufacturing the PCBs and a testing apparatus designed to inject current at a specified level into the specimens so that the voltage could be measured. This allowed for the resistance of the specimens to be calculated and compared to known values for common materials used in PCB manufacturing.</p><p><br></p>

I dagsläget har 3D-skrivning blivit en stor del av vårt samhälle. Vi använder 3D-skarvarna för att bygga allt från dekorationer till proteser. Det mest populära materialet för 3D-skrivning är PLA. Den är lätt att smälta och använda och den är enkel att producera. Med ökade popularitet av 3D-skrivning ökar också avfallet från dessa skrivare. Enlig statistik så kan upp till 40% av filamentsmassan som används omvandlas till avfall, som slängas bort. Under detta examensarbete kommer jag att beskriva olika metoder för hantering av PLA-avfall. Med stort fokus på metoder för materialåtervinning, som skulle ge oss förmågan att använda materialet igen. Huvudmetoden för att återvinn materialet ur PLA-avfall är att använda en extruder, för att smälta ner avfallet och pressa ut ny filamenttråd. För att få en extruder för hemmabruk så erbjuder marknaden några färdiga lösningar, eller så kan man köpa komponenter och bygga en egen modell. Fast marknaden för extruderkomponenter är mest orienterad för att samarbeta med producenter och inte med privatpersoner. Majoriteten av komponenter måste antingen anpassas med tunga maskiner för metallbearbetning eller ha begränsad funktionalitet. Som resultat får man ett högre pris jämfört med en färdig variant. Självklar materialåtervinning är inte den enda variant man kan också återvinna mineraler för att ge näring till växter och naturen eller återvinna energi genom att förbränna material. I rapporten jämför jag alla varianter som är tillgängliga för återvinning av PLA i dagsläget, med avseende på kostnader och miljöpåverkan. Och även med avseendet av behovet på campus KTH Södertälje, beskriver jag varför vissa lösningar är bättre än de andra. / Nowadays, 3D writing has become a large part of our society. We use the 3D joints to build everything from decorations to prostheses. The most popular material for 3D printing is PLA. It is easy to melt and use and it is easy to produce. With the increased popularity of 3D printing, waste from these printers is also increasing. According to statistics, up to 40% of the filament mass used can be converted into waste that must be thrown away. During the degree project, I describe various methods for handling PLA waste. With a strong focus on methods for material recycling that would give us the ability to use the material again. The main method to recycle the material from PLA waste is to use an extruder to melt down waste and squeeze out new filament wire. To get an extruder at home, the market offers some ready-made solutions, or you can buy components and build your own model. However, the market for extruder components is mostly oriented towards cooperating with producers and not with private individuals. The majority of components must either be adapted with heavy-duty metalworking machinery or have limited functionality. As a result, the price is higher than for a finished version. Of course, material recycling is not the only variant, you can also recycle minerals to nourish plants and nature or recycle energy by burning materials. In the report, I compare all variants that are available for the recycling of PLA in the current situation with regard to costs and environmental impact. With regard to the needs of the KTH Södertälje campus, I describe why some solutions are better than others.

ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / In this work, a 3D-printable multilayer phased array system is designed to demonstrate the applicability of additive manufacturing technique combining dielectric and conductor processes at room temperature for RF systems. Phased array systems normally include feeding networks, antennas, and active components such as switches, phase shifters and amplifiers. To make the integrated system compact, the array system here uses multilayer structure that can fully utilize the 3D space. The vertical interconnections between layers are carefully designed to reduce the loss between layers. Simulated results show good impedance matching and high-directive scanning beam. This multilayer phased array will finally be 3D printed by integrating thermal / ultrasound wire mesh embedding method (for metal) and fused-deposition-modeling technique (for dielectric).

Theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the relationship of open source licensing to innovation, rapid prototyping and technologies used for 3D printing. There is also a comparison of selected RepRap printers. The main objective is to explore the possibilities and limitations of RepRap 3D printers while also analyzing their use in the Czech market. The aim of the application part is to test selected RepRap printer and explore the possibilities of 3D printing on these devices. In the last part of the thesis research has been conducted on the use of 3D printers. It's objective is to answer the main research question - who and for what purpose uses and aquires 3D printers

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the mechanical properties of commercial digital denture base materials. Materials: The materials used were Lucitone 199 denture base disc (Dentsply Sirona), AvaDent denture base puck (AvaDent), KeyMill denture base disc (Keystone), Lucitone digital print denture base resin (Dentsply Sirona), Formlabs denture base resin (Formlabs), and Dentca denture base resin II (Dentca). METHODS: For each material, 60 bar-shaped specimens were prepared for flexural testing, which were divided into 5 groups including control, fatigue, thermocycling, and repairing using 2 types of materials. 24 square-shaped specimens were included in the bond testing, bonded to tooth and composite resin. Additionally, 48 square-shaped specimens were fabricated for the color stability testing, against UV light and staining and washing solutions. The flexural strength and modulus were calculated through 3-point bend test. Bond strength was determined using shear bond test. Color coordinates were recorded in the CIE L*a*b* system using an X-Rite Ci7600 spectrophotometer. Color differences relative to the baseline (∆E^*) were obtained. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD test (α=0.05). RESULTS: Milled materials showed higher flexural strength than printed materials. Fatigue and thermocycling led to a decrease in the flexural strength of both group materials. Repaired groups showed flexural strength of about 30.67% and 32.80% of its original strength, in milled and printed materials respectively. However, the flexural strength of the printed materials was affected by the type of the repair material, composite resin gave higher values compared with acrylic. Printed materials exhibited superior bond strength to tooth and composite resin than milled materials. The color change under UV light was clinically acceptable. The color change after immersion in staining and washing solutions in milled groups was less noticeable than in the printed group. Thermocycling treatment made the color change more noticeable in both milled and printed groups. CONCLUSION: Milled denture materials exhibited higher flexural properties than printed denture materials. Printed materials exhibited higher shear bond to tooth and composite resin. The color stability of milled materials with staining and washing solutions treatment was better than the printed groups, whereas the color stability of milled and printed materials exposed to UV light was clinically acceptable. / 2023-08-03T00:00:00Z

The essence of this work is to summarize the knowledge about 3D printing, especially with FDM technologies. Create an overview of used FDM printing materials, identify their advantages and disadvantages, technical parameters and usability. Another purpose of the thesis is to examine the print quality and its problems and specify types of surface finishes for selected materials. The content also includes remote control and monitoring of the 3D print process using the Raspberry Pi microcomputer and the print server named Octoprint.

This diploma thesis serves as experimental proof of real world capabilities of computer designed hobby CNC milling machine with its parts printed on a 3D printer. First half is a brief introduction of CNC technologies to non-professional audience. Second part together with 3D model works as manual to build your own machine. Priority was to keep costs to minimum with decent accuracy still in mind.

The content of this diploma thesis is a design of construction and selection of suitable material for upper-carrier part used for racing vehicle, produced by FDM 3D printing with the alternative option to replace an existing part, which was produced by conventional technique of CNC machining. Various versions of the experimental part are analyzed by FEM and compared in terms of safety coefficient with target to select the most appropriate construction design. The chosen version of the model is at the end compared with already existing part, which was also analyzed by FEM.

The thesis is focused on structural design of machine prototype for 3D print. Used technology is stereolithography. Machine design must be easy to built and low cost. First part of thesis is especially focused on FDM printers, because the design of my printer is more similar to them. Based on systems analysis are defined all parts of printer. Next part of thesis describes SLA technology from which proceed another requirements for machine. Second part contains final structural design of machine including necessary calculations and simulations. Another parts of thesis are focused on control system of printer including software, risk analysis and technical drawings of selected machine parts.