A comparative study was made of the effects of varied time intervals of rest between warm-up and performance in the 440-yard dash by students in selected physical education classes at North Texas State University during the spring semester of 1967. This study was made to determine if the length of a rest interval after cessation of warm-up activity has any significant effect upon the subsequent performance in a 440-yard dash, and to determine if any length of rest interval facilitates performance in a 440-yard dash.

Perlmutter (1971)'s seminal work on clitics has set much of the research model for ensuing studies. Despite enormous changes in linguistic theory over the intervening period, models in which clitic order is determined on the basis of grammatical person remains a key ingredient of most analyses. A key tenet of the current proposal is that clitic-forms may perform more than one syntactic function, reflected in their position within an elaborated series of feature projections including heads, not only for VP argument referents but also non-argumental datives and nominative actors. Surface clitic patterns are merely sequential spell-outs of this structure. There is no need for clitic re-ordering at a morphological or syntactic level. The proposed model requires no complex exclusion or conversion mechanisms nor sophisticated syntactic processes, whilst being iconic and, therefore, learnable without the need for prior knowledge e.g. Universal Grammar constraints. The model has no need of lexicalized units, treating all clusters as purely compositional sequences directly interpretable from context. Giving each 'case' its own position leads to a simple and coherent model readily applicable across Romance. The work addresses 1-/2-/3-/4-clitic clusters in French, Italian, Spanish, Occitan, Catalan, and Romanian in their various dialect forms, whilst briefly illustrating many other Romance dialects.

Familienunternehmen spielen im wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Kontext eine zentrale Rolle. Ein unterscheidendes Charakteristikum des Familienunternehmens gegenüber anderen Unternehmen ist per Definition die Unternehmensnachfolge, da der Fortbestand eines Familienunternehmens als solches nur dann gesichert ist, wenn dieses an ein Familienmitglied übertragen wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die ökonomische Literatur zu den Motiven und Konsequenzen der Unternehmensnachfolge zusammen. Ausführlicher wird auf empirische Ergebnisse für Österreich eingegangen, wobei die Konsequenzen von Unternehmensnachfolgen für das Beschä ftigungswachstum des betrachteten Unternehmens untersucht werden. Unter Anwendung des nichtparametrischen Propensity Score Matching Ansatzes wird ein positiver und signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen einer realisierten Nachfolge und dem Beschäftigungswachstum gefunden, der über die Zeit stärker wird. (Autorenref.) / Series: Discussion Papers SFB International Tax Coordination

Inaug.-diss.--Leyden. / Filmed with: Wennemer, J. / De Pacuvio inprimis de eius Antiopae, Dulorestis Ilionaeque fragmentis -- Plato ; Nordstrom, J.S. / Platonis Phaedo suethice redditus -- Ostermayer, F. / De historia fabulari in comoediis Plautinis -- Pauer, P. / De rerum ab Agricola in Britannia gestarum narratione Tacitea -- Voretzsch, H.B. / De inscriptione Cretensi qua continetur Lyttiorum et Boloentiorum foedus -- Vorlaender, W. / De Catulli ad Lesbiam carminibus -- Tyrwhitt, T. / Dissertatio de Babrio fabularum Aesopearum scriptore -- Unger, R.A. / Libri primi Thebanarum rerum specimen -- Urlichs, L. von / Skopas in Attika -- Fritsche, F.V. / Quaestiones Lucianeae -- Hyperides ; Schneidewin, F.W. / Hyperidis orationes duae ex papyro Ardeniano editae -- Schneidewin, F.W. / Diana Phacelitis et Orestes apud Rheginos et Siculos -- Seyffert, O. / Quaestiones metricarum particula : de bacchiacorum versuum usu Plautino -- Weyland, P. / De Nubibus Aristophanis -- Wichers, R.H.E. / De coloniis veterum -- Wellmann, E. / Philosophie des Stoikers Zenon -- Weissenborn, E. / De adjectivis compositis Homericis -- Sudhaus, S. / Prolegomenon ad Philodemi Rhetorica -- Wagner, F.W. / De Evenis poetis elegiacis eorumque carminibus -- Volckmann, E. / De Herodiani vita, scriptis, fideque -- Vl̲ker, C.C.C. / Commentationis de C. Cornelii Galli Foroiuliensis vita et scriptis pars prior -- Volkmann, R. / De Nicandri Colophonii vita et scriptis -- Weclewski, S. / De Sophoclis Oedipo Rege commentatio -- Weber, G. / De Gytheo et Lacedaemoniorum rebus navalibus -- Wimmer, H. / Observationes Livianae -- Voelkel, H. / De Chaucorum nomine sedibusque ac rebus gestis -- Zenzes, J. / De Dionysio Minore Syracusorum tyranno -- Ziegeler, E. / De Luciano poetarum judice et imitatore -- Zanolli, A.A. / De Pseudophocylidea -- Ziel, E. / Ueber die dramatische Exposition -- Woelffel, H. / Emendationes in Cornelii Taciti libros -- Wehr, J. / Quaestiones Aristophaneae -- Cobet, C.G. ; Witzschel, A. / Scholia antiqua in Euripidis Tragoedias. Includes bibliographical references.

Les apprenants sinophones manifestent de nombreuses résistances spécifiques lors de l'acquisition du système temporel du français. Notre objectif est de déterminer les raisons d'une telle situation afin de réfléchir à des propositions didactiques propres à résoudre ces problèmes récurrents. L'analyse du corpus de productions orales et écrites recueilli auprès des étudiants sinophones à différents stades de leur apprentissage a mis en lumière une interlangue caractérisée par une perspective énonciative instable. Pour trouver des explications à ce phénomène, nous avons procédé à une analyse linguistique contrastive des deux systèmes temporels, chinois et français, et également à une analyse des outils de description des langues habituellement utilisés dans l’enseignement du français dans notre établissement d'accueil. Nous avons remarqué que la notion d'énonciation, qui est centrale dans la linguistique française, exerce peu de contraintes formelles dans l'organisation du système temporel du chinois. De plus, elle est rarement évoquée dans l'enseignement du français en Chine. Ces résultats offrent des pistes pertinentes pour la réflexion sur les démarches didactiques à entreprendre en vue d'adapter l'enseignement du fonctionnement interne du français aux caractéristiques du public sinophone / Chinese learners face specific problems when learning French tenses. Our aim is to determine the reasons for this situation and make didactic proposals to adapt the teaching of the French language to Chinese characteristics. The study of the corpus collected from Chinese students at different stages of learning shows an enunciative perspective that isunstable during the construction of the tense system. A contrastive linguistic analysis of Chinese and French temporal systems, as well as an observation of the descriptive language tools commonly used in French teaching in China and didactic practices highlight on the one hand the influences of the mother tongue and secondly the teaching received onthe French tense system construction by Chinese students

Cette recherche a eu comme objectif de comprendre le concept de «sensible» dans la sémiotique greimasienne et post-greimasienne, sous la perspective de l'historiographie linguistique, en contextualisant son apparition et sa permanence dans les études sémiotiques contemporaines. Dans ce travail, le «sensible» est défini comme un hyperonyme et les autres concepts circonscrits dans son champ sont considérés comme ses domaines : de la corporéité, de la passionnalité et de la sensibilité. Pour chaque domaine, nous avons souligné les termes qui concernent le sensible : corps, affection, passion, émotion, contagion, sensation, perception, esthétique et estésique. On a récupéré le contexte théorique de ces concepts par les principes historiographiques de la contextualisation, l’immanence, l'adéquation et de l'influence, de K. Koerner (1996, 2014), les paramètres de couverture, la perspective et la profondeur et les types de composants heuristiques, herméneutique et de reconstruction systématique de P. Swiggers (2009, 2015) et l’horizon de rétrospection de S. Auroux (2008), en traçant son chemin depuis ses origines en Sémantique Structurale (1966), de A. J. Greimas, et par l'émergence et son impact dans les travaux de J. Fontanille, E. Landowski et C. Zilberberg, qui correspondent à la période que nous avons appelé ici post-greimassienne. Ensuite, on a défini dans quelle mesure le «sensible» a apparu dans la rhétorique et / ou l'immanence des œuvres de sémioticiens choisis. Après avoir établi les déploiements épistémologiques du «sensible», finalement, nous avons défini le lieu historique et épistémologique d'une sémiotique, considérée aujourd’hui sensible ou plus sensible, en explicitant sa pertinence dans les études du langage. / This research aimed to understandthe concept of “sensitive”in greimasian and post-greimasian semiotics, due to the bias of linguistic historiography, contextualizing its emergence and permanence in contemporary semiotic studies. In this work, the “sensitive”is defined as a hyperonym and the other concepts circumscribed in its field are seenas its domains: of corporality, of passion and of sensibility. In each domain, we highlight terms related to the sensitive: body, affection, passion, emotion, contagion, sensation, perception, esthetics and aesthetics. We retrieve the theoretical thickness of these concepts through the bias of the historiographic principles of contextualization, immanence, adequacy and influence, by K. Koerner (1996, 2014a), the coverage parameters, perspective and depth, heuristic, hermeneutic and reconstruction-systematic component typesP. Swiggers (2009, 2015), SO Murray specialties groups(1994, 1998) and retrospection horizonsS. Auroux (2008), tracing his course since his origins in Structural Semantics (1966) by A. J.Greimas, and passing through the emergency and its repercussion in the works of J. Fontanille, E. Landowski and C. Zilberberg, which correspond to the period we call post-Greimasian. Then we define to what extent the “sensitive”appeared in the rhetoric and / or immanence of the works of the chosen semioticists. After establishing the epistemological unfolding of the “sensitive”, finally, we were able to define the historical and epistemological place of a semiotics, considered today as sensitive or more sensitive, explaining its relevance in language studies

The objective of this study, based on the theories of Facework (Goffman 1967) and Politeness (Brown & Levinson 1978, 1987), is to observe and establish a classification of mitigating strategies used by two groups of friends to express and deal with disagreement and criticism in French. After a critical review of the development of sociopragmatics and of essential notions for the analysis of interactions, the concept of mitigation is presented, including mitigation used in the context of disagreement and criticism. The fieldwork and the transcription process and new conventions are then presented and discussed. For the analysis, three episodes from recordings of naturally-occurring conversations between friends were selected and transcribed. The data were analysed and classified in context with a view to defining both the pragmatic functions of the various mitigators and how they tend to be used by the speakers. The results of the analysis have allowed us to establish a classification of micro-mitigating-strategies within macro-strategies, and to show that speakers were able to mitigate disagreement and criticism, in order of descending frequency, by converging towards the interlocutor, by using modalised forms, by using a didactic, clarificatory speech style, but also by realising a "décrochage énonciatif" (enunciation disconnection) and trying to avoid or minimise the Face Threatening Acts. These observations contribute to the study of mitigating disagreement and criticism among friends, provide initial evidence of a considerable variation in the use of mitigating strategies in conversational French and call for further analysis of this type of conversation in order to determine to what extent these uses of mitigators result from a social behaviour specific to this type of interactional situation or speech acts.

No description available.

Bibliography: p.103-104. / Contract DA36-039-AMC-03200(E).

It is beyond doubt that location selection plays a vital role in retailing. Even though the reasons upon which customers base their destination choice are well investigated, there are only few studies considering a retailer's location selection process. Moreover, most of them look either at a subset of location factors or don't examine the perceived relevance to a retailer's location decision. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explore in what way retail location factors influence the attractiveness of a prospective site from a retailer's point of view. Therefore, a comprehensive catalogue of relevant location determinants was developed based on a systematic literature review. The final catalogue has been operationalised by drawing on qualitative data from expert interviews in order to implement it in the applied Hierarchical-Individualised-Limit-Conjoint-Analysis (HILCA). Then, a quantitative questionnaire survey was conducted amongst food retailers in the German-speaking area to determine the weight of each factor in location decisions using HILCA. The empirical results provide evidence that other factors besides the well-known (e.g. population density, competition conditions or assumed catchment area) have notable influence on the retailer's location decision. (author's abstract)