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A influ?ncia do conforto luminoso na satisfa??o dos profissionais que atuam no gin?sio do Centro de Reabilita??o Infantil, Natal-RN / The influence of lighting comfort in the satisfaction of professionals working in the gym at Children's Rehabilitation Center, Natal, BrazilValverde, Juliana Vi?gas de Lima 30 May 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Este trabalho aborda a qualidade lum?nica em espa?os terap?uticos destinados ? reabilita??o infantil. Partindo da premissa de que o espa?o ? atuante e interfere nas rela??es interpessoais, corrobora com a humaniza??o em sa?de ao destacar os efeitos fisiol?gicos e emocionais da luz natural como facilitadores do processo de reabilita??o, ao incorporar locais para inspirar, estimular e auxiliar a recupera??o.
No Brasil as normas para projetos hospitalares n?o contemplam o conforto luminoso. Em projetos hospitalares, os sistemas de abertura s?o definidos apenas para seguirem as exig?ncias do c?digo de obras, que n?o consideram a paisagem, mas apenas a ventila??o e insola??o; e os n?veis de ilumina??o s?o tratados a partir de recomenda??es para ilumina??o artificial. A Pol?tica Nacional de Humaniza??o da Assist?ncia ? Sa?de apresenta o conforto ambiental como uma das prioridades. Todavia, n?o apresenta diretrizes para alcan??-la.
Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade lum?nica nos espa?os terap?uticos de gin?sios de reabilita??o a partir da satisfa??o dos profissionais a fim de identificar as prefer?ncias humanas diante das vari?veis: aspectos t?cnico-construtivos, rela??o com o exterior, rela??o visual interna e elementos de qualidade. Para isso, adotou-se como estrat?gia de pesquisa a Avalia??o P?s-Ocupa??o (T?cnico Funcional) por meio de uma abordagem multim?todos, que contemplou um estudo de caso no gin?sio de reabilita??o do Centro de Reabilita??o Infantil, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, e um estudo de refer?ncia no Centro de Reabilita??o SARAH, Unidade Fortaleza, Cear?.
Os resultados apontam que a defini??o dos sistemas de aberturas deve considerar fatores externos e internos do edif?cio, como a paisagem natural dispon?vel no entorno imediato e as atividades realizadas. A APO constatou a prefer?ncia dos profissionais pela privacidade visual em detrimentos aos demais aspectos analisados. Portanto, a defini??o de atributos ambientais desej?veis deve considerar aspectos t?cnicos, funcionais, sociais e culturais. Assim, espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir para a discuss?o sobre conforto visual e gerar insumos para futuros projetos ou reformas em Centros de Reabilita??o Infantil, que n?o devem ser projetados como hospitais. / This study addresses the environmental quality in therapeutic spaces for children's
rehabilitation. The assumption that space is active and interfere in interpersonal
relationships, highlights the importance of natural light to the hospital architecture, to
foster the creation of environments that encourage and assist in the recovery of patients in
the rehabilitation process. Therefore, interferes with health humanization through positive
actions in the physiological and emotional effects of natural light, as facilitators of the
health recovery process. In Brazil hospital openings systems projects are built exclusively
to follow requirements of the local construction code which do not consider the landscape,
but only ventilation and heat stroke; and the luminance levels are treated just as
recommendations for artificial lighting. The National Policy for Healthcare Humanization
presents the environmental comfort as a priority. However, it does not guidelines for
achieving it. In this context this research aims to evaluate the lighting comfort in infant
therapeutic areas from the professional satisfaction, in order to identify human preferences
on the variables: technical and constructive aspects, relationship with the exterior, internal
visual interface and quality elements. With this purpose it was adopted as research strategy
the Post-Occupancy Evaluation (Technical Functional) through a multi method approach,
which included a case study in the rehabilitation gym of Children Rehabilitation Center, at
Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, and a reference study at SARAH Rehabilitation Center,
Fortaleza Unit at Cear?, both in Brazil northeast. The results indicate that the definition of
openings systems should consider external and internal factors to the building, as the
natural landscape, the immediate surroundings and activities to be performed. The POE
found out the preference of the professional visual privacy in detriment to other analyzed
aspects. Thus, it is expected that this study can contribute to the discussion of luminous
quality and generate inputs for future projects or renovations in the Children's
Rehabilitation Centers, which should not be projected as hospitals
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Modelos de dispers?o para extremos de precipita??o. Estudo de caso: o nordeste do BrasilCorreia Filho, Washington Luiz F?lix 27 March 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / Nesta tese foram utilizados tr?s diferentes modelos de regress?o, os Modelos Lineares Generalizados via regress?o log?stica e de Poisson e os Modelos Vetoriais Lineares Generalizados via distribui??o generalizada de valores extremos (MVLG-GEV) com o objetivo de detectar os extremos de precipita??o no Nordeste do Brasil. Inicialmente aplicaram-se os modelos de regress?o log?stica e de Poisson para identificar as intera??es entre os extremos de precipita??o e as demais vari?veis a partir das raz?es de chances e de riscos relativos. Constatou-se que a vari?vel indicadora da ocorr?ncia de extremos de precipita??o ? a radia??o de onda longa, verificada nas regi?es leste, norte e semi?rido do NEB, e a umidade relativa foi verificada no sul do NEB, em ambos os modelos. Os resultados apresentados pelos modelos de regress?o log?stica e de Poisson mostram evid?ncias de que estes extremos de precipita??o s?o impulsionados pela Oscila??o Madden-Julian, que ao interagir com os outros sistemas meteorol?gicos locais, regionais e grande escala podem ocasionar a ocorr?ncia destes extremos. O terceiro modelo, MVLG-GEV, avaliou os extremos a partir dos m?ximos anuais de precipita??o de forma m?ltipla (a partir de um conjunto de vari?veis) e constatou-se que as vari?veis que subsidiaram a ocorr?ncia dos extremos de precipita??o foram: as componentes zonal e meridional do vento, evapora??o e TSM (Atl?ntico e Pac?fico). Este artigo mostra evid?ncias de que a variabilidade da TSM vistas no Atl?ntico como no Pac?fico (El Ni?o-Oscila??o Sul) interfera na variabilidade interanual da precipita??o, modificando o padr?o de circula??o atmosf?rica na regi?o, resultando na intensifica??o ou inibi??o da ocorr?ncia dos extremos de precipita??o. Os coeficientes de regress?o log?stica, de Poisson e de MVLG-GEV demonstraram signific?ncia estat?stica, inferiores a 5%. Em rela??o aos n?veis de retorno para os pr?ximos 30 anos pelos MVLG-GEV, o menor n?vel foi de 91,62mm no sul da Bahia, enquanto o maior foi de 185,72mm no norte do Cear?. / In this thesis used four different methods in order
to diagnose the precipitation extremes on
Northeastern Brazil (NEB): Generalized Linear Model
s via logistic regression and Poisson,
extreme value theory analysis via generalized extre
me value (GEV) and generalized Pareto
(GPD) distributions and Vectorial Generalized Linea
r Models via GEV (MVLG GEV). The
logistic regression and Poisson models were used to
identify the interactions between the
precipitation extremes and other variables based on
the odds ratios and relative risks. It was
found that the outgoing longwave radiation was the
indicator variable for the occurrence of
extreme precipitation on eastern, northern and semi
arid NEB, and the relative humidity was
verified on southern NEB. The GEV and GPD distribut
ions (based on the 95th percentile)
showed that the location and scale parameters were
presented the maximum on the eastern
and northern coast NEB, the GEV verified a maximum
core on western of Pernambuco
influenced by weather systems and topography. The
GEV and GPD shape parameter, for
most regions the data fitted by Weibull negative an
d Beta distributions
(?
<
0)
, respectively.
The levels and return periods of GEV (GPD) on north
ern Maranh?o (centerrn of Bahia) may
occur at least an extreme precipitation event excee
ding over of 160.9 mm /day (192.3 mm /
day) on next 30 years. The MVLG GEV model found tha
t the zonal and meridional wind
components, evaporation and Atlantic and Pacific se
a surface temperature boost the
precipitation extremes. The GEV parameters show the
following results: a) location (
), the
highest value was 88.26 ? 6.42 mm on northern Maran
h?o; b) scale (
?
), most regions showed
positive values, except on southern of Maranh?o; an
d c) shape (
?
), most of the selected
regions were adjusted by the Weibull negative distr
ibution (
?
<
0
). The southern Maranh?o
and southern Bahia have greater accuracy. The level
period, it was estimated that the centern
of Bahia may occur at least an extreme precipitatio
n event equal to or exceeding over 571.2
mm/day on next 30 years.
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Estudo da incorpora??o de res?duos de perfura??o para aplica??o em cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leoDantas, Renato Pereira Pinto 19 December 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-12-19 / Durante a perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo e g?s natural, s?o gerados res?duos
s?lidos, l?quidos e gasosos. Os fragmentos s?lidos, que s?o denominados
cascalhos, s?o carreados para a superf?cie atrav?s do fluido de perfura??o.
Al?m disso, esse fluido tem a fun??o de resfriar a broca, manter a press?o
interna do po?o, dentre outras. Esse res?duo s?lido ? bastante poluente, pois
tem incorporado al?m do fluido de perfura??o, que possui v?rios aditivos
qu?micos nocivos ao meio ambiente, alguns metais pesados tamb?m danosos,
tais como chumbo. Com o intuito de tornar as atividades menos nocivas ao
meio ambiente, as ind?strias v?m desenvolvendo processos cada vez mais
sustent?veis. Atualmente, est?o sendo estudadas in?meras t?cnicas para
mitigar problemas gerados com res?duos de perfura??o, tais como adi??o do
cascalho na composi??o de tijolos solo-cimento para constru??o em alvenaria,
nas matrizes argilosas para a fabrica??o de tijolos maci?os de alvenaria e
blocos cer?micos e coprocessamento desse res?duo na fabrica??o do cimento.
Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo incorporar o cascalho
oriundo da perfura??o em pastas de cimento utilizadas durante as opera??es
de cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo. O cascalho utilizado nesse trabalho,
oriundo da forma??o Pend?ncias, foi mo?do e separado numa peneira de 100
mesh. Ap?s a moagem, o mesmo foi caracterizado por granulometria a laser,
DRX, FRX. A mat?ria-prima apresentou di?metro m?dio de part?culas na ordem
de 86 mm e estrutura cristalina contendo fases do tipo quartzo e calcita,
caracter?sticos do cimento Portland. Foram formuladas e preparadas pastas de
cimento, com densidade 13 lb/gal, contendo diferentes concentra??es de
cascalho, e realizados ensaios de caracteriza??o API SPEC 10 A e RP 10 B.
Os testes de ?gua livre apresentaram valores inferiores a 5,9% e o modelo
reol?gico que melhor descreveu o comportamento das misturas foi o de
pot?ncia. Os resultados de resist?ncia ? compress?o (10,3 Mpa) e estabilidade
( Dr < 0,5 lb/gal), apresentaram valores dentro dos limites estabelecidos para
procedimentos operacionais. Assim sendo, o cascalho oriundo da perfura??o
pode ser utilizado em pastas de cimento Portland para po?os petrol?feros, como
forma de reaproveitamento deste res?duo e redu??o do custo da pasta de
cimento / During the drilling of oil and natural gas are generated solid waste, liquid and
gaseous. These solid fragments, which are known as cuttings, are carried to the
surface through the drilling fluid. Furthermore, this fluid serves to cool the bit,
keeping the internal pressure of the well, and others. This solid residue is very
polluting, because it has incorporated beyond the drilling fluid, which has
several chemical additives harmful to the environment, some heavy metals that
are harmful to the environment, such as lead. To minimize the residue
generated, are currently being studied numerous techniques to mitigate the
problems that such waste can cause to the environment, like addition of cuttings
in the composition of soil cement brick masonry construction, addition of
cuttings on the clay matrix for the manufacture of solid masonry bricks and
ceramic blocks and coprocessing of the cuttings in cement. So, the main
objective of this work is the incorporation of cuttings drilling of oil wells, the
cement slurry used in the cementing operation of the well. This cuttings used in
this study, arising from the formation Pend?ncias, was milled and separated in a
sieve of 100 mesh. After grinding had a mean particle sike in order of 86 mm
and crystal structure containing phases of quartz and calcite type, characteristic
of the Portland cement. Were formulated and prepared slurries of cement with
density 13 lb / gal, containing different concentrations of gravel, and realized
characterization tests API SPEC 10A and RP 10B. Free water tests showed
values lower than 5.9% and the rheological model that best described the
behavior of the mixtures was the power. The results of compressive strength
(10.3 MPa) and stability (Dr <0.5 lb / gal) had values within the set of
operational procedures. Thus, the gravel from the drilling operation, may be
used as binders in addition to Portland cement oil wells, in order to reuse this
waste and reduce the cost of the cement paste.
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A comunica??o institucional na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte: uma proposta de integra??oLima, ?rica Concei??o Silva 28 May 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / Este trabalho objetiva compreender como tem ocorrido a Comunica??o
Institucional na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de um
estudo de caso com car?ter explorat?rio, envolvendo pesquisa bibliogr?fica,
documental, e levantamento de informa??es junto aos sujeitos pesquisados.
Como instrumento de pesquisa, foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista
semiestruturada, e os dados coletados na pesquisa de campo foram tratados,
codificados e categorizados para a realiza??o de uma an?lise tem?tica
comparativa. Foram ouvidos gestores da Escola Agr?cola de Jundia?,
Faculdade de Ci?ncias do Trairi, do Centro de Ensino Superior do Serid?
(CERES) de Currais Novos e do CERES de Caic? e profissionais de
comunica??o de ve?culos de r?dio e TV dos munic?pios de Santa Cruz, Currais
Novos e Caic?. No Campus Central da UFRN foram entrevistados gestores e
profissionais da Superintend?ncia de Comunica??o, al?m de um levantamento
das assessorias de imprensa existentes. Para compreender melhor a
comunica??o no ?mbito das organiza??es, buscamos o aporte te?rico nos
estudos de Torquato que apresenta a comunica??o como forma de integra??o
social, Jo?o Curvello compreendendo a Comunica??o Organizacional como um
contexto complexo, Oliveira traz a perspectiva da Comunica??o Organizacional
como um campo de estudo de interfaces de v?rias ?reas de conhecimento.
Duarte e Chaparro discutem a rela??o entre Jornalismo Empresarial, Rela??es
P?blicas e Assessoria de Imprensa. O conjunto de informa??es presentes
nesse trabalho apresenta um diagn?stico de como t?m ocorrido a
Comunica??o Institucional na UFRN. E como progn?stico, apresentamos a
proposta de um Plano de Comunica??o tendo como foco principal a
implanta??o de uma Rede Integrada de Comunica??o Institucional. Os
resultados apresentaram a aus?ncia de um plano de comunica??o institucional
na Universidade e a consequente falta de integra??o, uma vez que n?o existem
a??es efetivas no sentido de integrar os diversos campi da UFRN. O referido
Plano foi elaborado ap?s a an?lise de todas as informa??es coletadas e
analisadas ao longo da pesquisa. / This study aims to understand how has occurred Institutional Communications
in the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. This is an event study in
an exploratory feature way, involving bibliographical research, and survey
information from the study subjects. The research instrument, semi-structured
interview itinerary was used, and the data collected in the field research were
processed, and coded to perform a comparative thematic analysis. Managers
were heard from the Escola Agricola de Jundia?, Faculdade de Cadencies do
Trairi, Centro de Ensino Superior do Serid? (CERES) in Currais Novos and
from the CERES in Caic? and radio and TV medium professionals in the cities
of Santa Cruz, Currals Novos and Caic?. In the Campus Central of the UFRN
were interviewed managers and professionals of the Superintendence of
Communication, and a survey of the press office. To improve the
comprehension of the communication within organizations, we search
theoretical support in studies of Torquato who presents the communication as a
way of social integration, John Curvello understands Organizational
Communication as a complex context, Oliveira, introduces the perspective of
Organizational Communication as a field of study of interfaces in many areas of
knowledge. Duarte and Chaparro discuss the relationship between Business
Journalism, Public Relations and Press Office. The set of information provided
in this paper presents a diagnosis of how has been the Institutional
Communications in the UFRN. And as prognosis, we present the proposal for a
Communication Plan focusing mainly on the implementation of a Institutional
Communications Integrated Network. We bear the absence of an institutional
communication plan the University and the consequent lack of integration in
mind, despite there is no effective action to integrate the various UFRN campi.
This Plan was developed after analysis of all information collected and analyzed
during the research.
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Desempenho de uma lagoa de infiltra??o na absor??o de cheias e na recarga de aqu?feroCardoso, Bruno Freitas 28 December 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Um tipo de solu??o de macrodrenagem largamente utilizado em ?reas com predomin?ncia de bacias fechadas (bacias sem exut?rios) ? a implanta??o de lagoas de deten??o e infiltra??o (LDI). Este tipo de solu??o tem como principal fun??o realizar o armazenamento de defl?vios superficiais e promover sua infiltra??o e consequentemente, promover a recarga do aqu?fero, quando existente. ? a pr?tica para se evitar inunda??es nos baixios da bacia de drenagem. A impermeabiliza??o da bacia reduz a recarga distribu?da de aqu?feros fre?ticos como a existente na cidade de Natal, RN. No entanto, a presen?a da LDI traz a vantagem de concentrar os defl?vios e promover uma recarga pontual que pode superar a recarga natural distribu?da. Neste trabalho se prop?s estudar uma pequena bacia de drenagem urbana, a bacia experimental de Mirassol (BEM), em Natal, RN, que tem como exut?rio uma LDI. Os processos de transforma??o da chuva em vaz?o, a acumula??o de ?gua na LDI e o processo de infiltra??o e percola??o no perfil do solo at? o len?ol fre?tico foram modelados e, atrav?s de observa??es dos eventos chuvosos, n?veis de ?gua na lagoa e do len?ol fre?tico, assim com levantamento de par?metros, possibilitaram a modelagem desses processos combinados. A modelagem matem?tica foi realizada a partir de dois modelos num?ricos. Foi utilizado o modelo de transforma??o da chuva em vaz?o, idealizado por RIGHETTO (2014), e, tamb?m, desenvolvido um modelo unidimensional que permite simular o processo de percola??o em condi??o de solo insaturado acoplado ao balan?o h?drico da LDI. Foi realizada a simula??o cont?nua ao longo de um per?odo de dezoito meses, com intervalos de tempo de um minuto. A BEM foi discretizada em quadras e trechos de rua e o perfil do solo em c?lulas verticais de 2 cm para um profundidade total de 30 m. Os hidrogramas gerados foram transformados em volumes afluentes ? lagoa. Na lagoa foi realizado o balan?o h?drico nesses intervalos de tempo, considerando-se a infiltra??o e percola??o de ?gua no perfil do solo. Como resultado, obteve-se a avalia??o da LDI no processo de armazenamento de ?gua, assim como a infiltra??o, redistribui??o de ?gua no solo e a recarga ao aqu?fero fre?tico, possibilitando simular a sequ?ncia temporal de distribui??o. Com as simula??es realizadas, verificou-se o desempenho da LDI na absor??o de cheias e sua contribui??o no processo de recarga local do aqu?fero (Aqu?fero Dunas / Barreiras). / A type of macro drainage solution widely used in urban areas with predomi-nance of closed catchments (basins without outlet) is the implementation of detention and infiltration reservoirs (DIR). This type of solution has the main function of storing surface runoff and to promote soil infiltration and, consequently, aquifer recharge. The practice is to avoid floods in the drainage basin low-lying areas. The catchment waterproofing reduces the distributed groundwater recharge in urban areas, as is the case of Natal city, RN. However, the advantage of DIR is to concentrate the runoff and to promote aquifer recharge to an amount that can surpass the distributed natu-ral recharge. In this paper, we proposed studying a small urban drainage catchment, named Experimental Mirassol Watershed (EMW) in Natal, RN, whose outlet is a DIR. The rainfall-runoff transformation processes, water accumulation in DIR and the pro-cess of infiltration and percolation in the soil profile until the free aquifer were mod-eled and, from rainfall event observations, water levels in DIR and free aquifer water level measurements, and also, parameter values determination, it is was enabled to calibrate and modeling these combined processes. The mathematical modeling was carried out from two numerical models. We used the rainfall-runoff model developed by RIGHETTO (2014), and besides, we developed a one-dimensional model to simu-late the soil infiltration, percolation, redistribution soil water and groundwater in a combined system to the reservoir water balance. Continuous simulation was run over a period of eighteen months in time intervals of one minute. The drainage basin was discretized in blocks units as well as street reaches and the soil profile in vertical cells of 2 cm deep to a total depth of 30 m. The generated hydrographs were transformed into inlet volumes to the DIR and then, it was carried out water balance in these time intervals, considering infiltration and percolation of water in the soil profile. As a re-sult, we get to evaluate the storage water process in DIR as well as the infiltration of water, redistribution into the soil and the groundwater aquifer recharge, in continuous temporal simulation. We found that the DIR has good performance to storage excess water drainage and to contribute to the local aquifer recharge process (Aquifer Dunas / Barreiras).
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Influ?ncia da press?o e da vaz?o de concentrado sobre o desempenho de ultrafiltra??o no p?s-tratamento de esgotosBarros Filho, Marcos Andr? Capitulino de 14 December 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Apesar das in?meras vantagens advindas do uso da tecnologia de membranas filtrantes, algumas limita??es inerentes ao processo de incrusta??o tornam-se relevantes para sua aplicabilidade. O controle das condi??es operacionais consiste em importante ferramenta para mitigar o fouling e alcan?ar bons n?veis de efici?ncia. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da press?o transmembrana e da vaz?o de concentrado no desempenho da ultrafiltra??o, aplicada ao p?s-tratamento de esgoto sanit?rio. O processo foi avaliado e otimizado variando-se a press?o (0,5 e 1,5 bar) e a vaz?o de concentrado (300 e 600 L/h), por meio de um planejamento fatorial 22, a fim de investigar os efeitos no fluxo permeado e na qualidade dos efluentes gerados, em cada condi??o operacional. Avaliaram-se os seguintes indicadores de qualidade para os permeados: pH, Condutividade El?trica, S?lidos Suspensos Totais, Turbidez, C?lcio e Demanda Qu?mica de Oxig?nio (DQO). Em todos os ensaios, observou-se diminui??o acentuada do fluxo permeado nos instantes iniciais, seguida de uma queda lenta que se prolongou at? atingir um patamar relativamente constante por volta dos 120 minutos de filtra??o. O aumento da press?o resultou em maior fluxo permeado inicial, por?m a queda do fluxo com o tempo foi maior para os ensaios realizados a press?o mais elevada, evidenciando um processo de incrusta??o mais pronunciado. Por outro lado, o aumento da vaz?o de concentrado resultou em queda mais lenta de fluxo permeado com o tempo de filtra??o. Com rela??o a qualidade dos permeados, a press?o transmembrana de 0,5 bar foi a que permitiu melhores resultados, sendo confirmado estatisticamente, por meio do teste da ANOVA two-way com medidas repetidas, efeito significativo da press?o sobre a turbidez do permeado. A vaz?o de concentrado, por sua vez, n?o apresentou influ?ncia significativa sobre nenhum dos par?metros de qualidade. Dessa forma, considerando que o efeito do aumento da vaz?o de concentrado no retardamento do fouling n?o resultou em melhoria significativa do fluxo permeado, conclui-se que a condi??o operacional otimizada para a gera??o de permeados com maior grau de pureza, associado a gera??o de um menor volume de res?duo, consiste naquela em que se aplica uma press?o transmembrana baixa associada a uma vaz?o menor de concentrado. / Despite the numerous advantages resulting from the use of membrane filters technology, intrinsic limitations fouling process become relevant to its applicability. The control of operating conditions is an important tool to mitigate fouling and achieve good levels of efficiency. In this sense, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of transmembrane pressure and concentrate flow in the performance of ultrafiltration, applied to the post-treatment of domestic sewage. The process was evaluated and optimized by varying the pressure (0.5 and 1.5 bar) and the concentrate flow (300 and 600 L/h), using a 22 factorial design, in order to investigate the effects on the permeate flow and quality of effluents generated at each operating condition. We evaluated the following quality indicators for permeate: pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, turbidity, calcium and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). In all tests, we observed marked reduction in the permeate flux at the early stages, followed by a slow decline that lasted until it reaches a relatively constant level, around 120 minutes of filtration. The increased pressure resulted in a higher initial permeate flux, but the decrease of the flow with time is greater for tests at higher pressure, indicating a more pronounced fouling process. On the other hand, increasing the concentrate flow resulted in a slower decline in permeate flux with the filtration time. Regarding the quality of permeate, the transmembrane pressure of 0,5 bar was the one that allowed better results, and was statistically confirmed through the two-way ANOVA test with repeated measures, significant effect of pressure on the turbidity of the permeate. The concentrate flow, in turn, showed no significant influence on any of the quality parameters. Thus, we conclude that, from an economic and environmental point of view, it is more interesting to operate ultrafiltration membrane system with a lower concentrate flow associated with a low transmembrane pressure, since under these conditions will produce less waste, and the permeate will present lower concentrations of the analyzed constituent, especially lower turbidity.
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Implementa??o de conversor de polariza??o linear-circular para antenas de microfita usando metasuperf?ciesMontalv?o, Emanuele da Silva Rodrigues 26 January 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-01-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um novo modelo de metasuperf?cie com c?lula b?sica simplificada, capaz de converter sinais linearmente polarizados gerados por um arranjo de antenas planar em sinais circularmente polarizados, para a faixa de frequ?ncia ISM (2,45 GHz), apresentando uma boa largura de banda de perda de retorno e de raz?o axial. Para poder estudar o comportamento da estrutura proposta, a metasuperf?cie ? acoplada a tr?s estruturas diferentes. Primeiro s?o feitos testes iniciais com a metasuperf?cie acoplada a uma antena de microfita em sua configura??o simples. Em seguida a metasuperf?cie ? utilizada acoplada a um arranjo com dois elementos do tipo patch. E posteriormente ela ? acoplada a um arranjo otimizado, que utiliza um toco em sua alimenta??o principal, para obter um melhor casamento de imped?ncias. As estruturas s?o analisadas numericamente atrav?s do Ansoft HFSS? e para validar esses resultados, as estruturas s?o caracterizadas experimentalmente. S?o apresentadas as caracter?sticas de transmiss?o simuladas e medidas. Os resultados experimentais mostram uma boa concord?ncia com os resultados simulados. A estrutura aqui proposta apresenta a vantagem de atender as caracter?sticas desejadas, com uma geometria simples de ser constru?da e utilizando um substrato de baixo custo (FR-4). / This work aims to propose a new model of metasurface with simplified basic cell, able to convert linearly polarized signals generated by planar antenna array in circularly polarized signals, for the ISM frequency band (2.45 GHz), with good bandwidth of return loss and axial ratio. To study the behavior of the proposed structure, the metasurface is coupled to three different structures. First, initial tests are made with the metasurface coupled to a microstrip antenna in its simple configuration. Then the metasurface is coupled to an array with two elements of patch type. And later it is coupled to an optimized array, that uses a stub in its main feed, to get a better impedance matching. The structures are analyzed numerically through Ansoft HFSS?, and to validate these results, the structures are characterized experimentally. The characteristics of transmissions simulated and measures are presented. A good agreement between simulated and measured results was obtained. The structure proposed here has the advantage of meeting the desired characteristics, with a simple geometry to be built using a low-cost substrate (FR-4).
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Educa??o f?sica escolar, forma??o continuada em servi?o e inclus?o: um di?logo com a diversidadeMorais Sobrinho, Jonas 26 July 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-07-26 / O presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir a forma??o continuada em servi?o promovida pela Secretaria Municipal de Educa??o de Natal, em especial, sobre os pressupostos da Educa??o Inclusiva na Educa??o F?sica Escolar no per?odo de 2014 at? 2016. Esta pesquisa delineia, como objetivos espec?ficos, a apresenta??o da trajet?ria de inser??o da tem?tica na forma??o continuada em servi?o para professores de Educa??o F?sica e a identifica??o da concep??o de inclus?o expressa pelos professores. O fundamento epistemol?gico deste estudo tem por base a multirreferencialidade (BARBOSA, 1998) e como delineamento metodol?gico uma abordagem qualitativa a partir do estudo de caso (YIN, 2001). As fontes documentais utilizadas neste estudo consistiram na an?lise da avalia??o anual da forma??o continuada em servi?o produzida pela equipe de professores-formadores, e por um question?rio semiestruturado respondido pelos professores participantes, assim como observa??es realizadas pelo pesquisador durante a forma??o. Os professores apresentaram uma concep??o de inclus?o por meio da an?lise do discurso (P?CHEUX, 1988) percebendo a inclus?o na Educa??o F?sica numa perspectiva voltada para a defici?ncia. Este estudo considera que a forma??o continuada em servi?o para os professores de Educa??o F?sica foi um importante l?cus de pesquisa sobre forma??o docente e que a tem?tica da inclus?o se tornou sistem?tica dentro do calend?rio anual da forma??o promovida pela Secretaria Municipal de Educa??o de Natal. / This study has the general objective to discuss the continuing training promoted by Educational Department of Natal-BRA, especially on the assumptions of Scholar Inclusive Physical School Education from 2014 to 2016. The specific objectives were both to present the trajectory of insertion of the theme in the in-service training for Physical Education teachers of the Education Department who participated in the training and the apprehension of the conception of inclusion expressed by them. The epistemological basis used in this study was Multireferentiality (BARBOSA, 1998), having as a methodological delineation a qualitative approach through the case study (YIN, 2001). Documentary sources of the training and semi-structured questionnaire were used in the composition of this study, as well as observations made by the researcher during the period. The Continuing education has brought a conception of inclusion as well as the conception of teachers, which refers to the importance of reflecting on the construction of the engagement and meanings attributed to what will be inclusion in Physical School Education, as we will see through discourse analysis (P?CHEUX, 1988). Based on documents and actions carried out by the training team as well as by the senses attributed by the participating teachers, this study concluded that the training promoted by the Education Department presented assumptions of an inclusive education focused fundamentally on the disability. It also pointed to important approximations of an inclusive Physical Education that dialogues with the diversity present in the educational contexts. The demand for the permanence and expansion of this debate arises in the formative horizons in-service.
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A aplicabilidade do direito internacional do mar no ordenamento jur?dico brasileiro como medida de preven??o contra incidentes de polui??o marinha por ?leo / The applicability of internacional law of the sea in the brazilian legal system as a measure of prevention against incidents of pollution of the sea by oilAlves, Rayana Lins 06 April 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-04-06 / Este trabalho tem como objeto a an?lise da aplica??o das normas do Direito Internacional do Mar na ordem jur?dica brasileira, no que se refere ? prote??o do ambiente marinho durante a explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo offshore, com a finalidade de ampliar o seu marco regulat?rio e preencher as lacunas legislativas existentes. O estudo ? desenvolvido com base nas normas dos tratados internacionais ratificados pelo Brasil que tratam sobre a atua??o dos Estados costeiros em buscar a preven??o, redu??o e controle de polui??o do meio marinho por conta de atividades desenvolvidas dentro de suas fronteiras mar?timas, como a Conven??o das Na??es Unidas sobre o Direito do Mar de 1982 e a Conven??o Internacional sobre Preparo, Resposta e Coopera??o em Caso de Polui??o por ?leo de 1990. Ao longo da disserta??o, demonstra-se que o marco regulat?rio existente n?o ? suficiente para garantir a preven??o de incidentes de polui??o marinha por ?leo, o que conduziu o Brasil a incorporar no seu ordenamento jur?dico normas internacionais espec?ficas que disp?em sobre a tem?tica, visto que o Brasil apresenta um contexto normativo pautado na prote??o do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente, inclusive do ponto de vista internacional. Consideram-se os princ?pios constitucionais ambientais previstos na Constitui??o Federal de 1988 aplic?veis ? prote??o do meio marinho e a compet?ncia ambiental dos entes federativos para alcan?ar tais princ?pios. Exp?em-se as regras internas aplic?veis ? preven??o de polui??o marinha por ?leo resultante da explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo offshore, bem como as normas internacionais de preven??o de polui??o ao mar ratificadas pelo Estado brasileiro. Tem-se como conclus?o que ? necess?ria a implementa??o de algumas medidas preventivas no ordenamento jur?dico, como a avalia??o ambiental estrat?gica e a compensa??o pecuni?ria dos danos ambientais, e nas rela??es contratuais entre Estados e empresas petrol?feras, como a exig?ncia da responsabilidade destas nos contratos de partilha de produ??o e de seguro ambiental. / This work has as its object the analysis of application of the norms of international law of the sea in the Brazilian legal system with regard to the protection of the marine environment during offshore oil exploration and production, with the purpose of enlarging their regulatory framework and filling legal gaps. The study is developed on the basis of the norms of international treaties ratified by Brazil that treat about the activities of coastal States for the prevention, reduction and control of pollution of the marine environment on account of activities undertaken within their maritime borders, as the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea of 1982 and International Convention on preparation, response and cooperation in case oil pollution of 1990. Throughout the dissertation, it demonstrates that the existing regulatory framework is not sufficient to ensure the prevention incidents of sea pollution by oil, which led Brazil to incorporate in its legal system specific international standards that order on the theme, insofar as Brazil presents a normative context based on the protection of the fundamental right to the environment, including the international point of view. Consider the environmental constitutional principles foresee in the Federal Constitution of 1988 for the protection of the marine environment and the environmental competence of the federative entities to achieve these principles. Expose the internal rules applicable to the prevention of sea pollution by oil resulting from the offshore oil exploration and production, as well as the international standards for the prevention of sea pollution ratified by the Brazilian State. It has been as a conclusion that requires the implementation of some preventive measures in the legal system, such as the strategic environmental assessment and financial compensation of environmental damages, and in the contractual relations between States and oil companies, such as the requirement of liability of these in sharing agreements and environmental insurance.
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Comunica??o e informa??o na UFRN: um diagn?stico da Diretoria de Administra??o de PessoalAguiar, Jefferson Bruno Silva de 18 December 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / A comunica??o est? presente em todos os lugares e com todos que comp?e a sociedade. Seja de maneira verbal, visual ou at? codificada. Nesse meio est? a Comunica??o Organizacional que se divide em Comunica??o Mercadol?gica (voltada para apoiar as a??es de marketing), Institucional (prop?e a constru??o da imagem e do conceito institucional) e Comunica??o Interna (visa promover a dinamiza??o do fluxo das informa??es internas). Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o papel da Comunica??o Interna na Diretoria de Administra??o de Pessoas (DAP) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) e sua rela??o com o servi?o de atendimento ao p?blico. Falaremos ainda como a Comunica??o Interna pode ser uma ferramenta estrat?gica para se alcan?ar as metas institucionais. O estudo emp?rico foi desenvolvido de forma explorat?ria, na literatura dispon?vel, e descritiva, atrav?s de um question?rio aplicado aos servidores da DAP. Com isso, alicer?ados pelo estudo bibliogr?fico e com os resultados do question?rio, foi poss?vel elaborar um diagn?stico da comunica??o interna na DAP. O diagn?stico facilita tanto o trabalho dos servidores quanto a busca dos usu?rios que precisam dos servi?os da DAP. O estudo ? ?til na busca de reconhecer, ent?o, qu?o importante ? a Comunica??o Interna para uma organiza??o e que ela pode ser usada como uma ferramenta estrat?gica para alcan?ar os objetivos da institui??o. / Communication is present everywhere and with all that makes up the society. Be it verbal, visual or even coded. In this medium is the Organizational Communication that is divided into Marketing Communication (aimed at supporting marketing actions), Institutional (proposes the construction of the image and the institutional concept) and Internal Communication (aims to promote the dynamization of the flow of internal information). This paper aims to analyze the role of Internal Communication in the Directorate of People Management (DAP) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) and its relationship with the public service. We will also talk about how Internal Communication can be a strategic tool to achieve institutional goals. The empirical study was developed in an exploratory way, in the available literature, and descriptive, through a questionnaire applied to DAP servers. With this, based on the bibliographic study and the results of the questionnaire, it was possible to elaborate a diagnosis of the internal communication in the DAP. The diagnosis which facilitates both the work of the servers and the search of the users who need DAP services. The study is useful in the search to recognize, then, how important Internal Communication is to an organization and that it can be used as a strategic tool to achieve the institution's goals.
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