Cette thèse étudie la dimension environnementale de la RSE. Les enjeux actuels que pose la soutenabilité nécessitent de déconstruire le concept le RSE pour révéler les sous-jacents qui structurent le champ académique Business & Society. Au travers d’une approche historique et comparative, cette recherche suit les traces que les enjeux socio-environnementaux laissent dans les controverses qu’ils déploient, dans les relations qu’ils nouent et dans les compromis qu’ils établissent auprès des humains et des non-Humains lors de la construction de quatre aménagements énergétiques en France (le barrage hydroélectrique de Tignes et l’usine marémotrice de la Rance) et au Québec (le barrage hydroélectrique de Bersimis et la centrale nucléaire de Gentilly) durant les années 1945 jusqu’aux années 1970. Dans la lignée des travaux qui développent une compréhension non dichotomique de la nature et de la culture en prenant comme point d’appui le refus de l’ontologie Moderne (Latour ; Descola ; Gladwin, Kennely et Krause ; et Banerjee etc.), elle éclaire les associations/dissociations réalisées au sein de collectif d’alliés hétérogènes et revisite la catégorisation des années 1970 dite de « tournant environnemental », grâce à l’analyse précise de l’ouvrage du père fondateur de la RSE, Howard R. Bowen Social Responsibilities of the Businessman (1953), en éclairant ses héritages théoriques. Cette thèse vise trois contributions. D’abord, elle affine l’approche « naturaliste » ou « Moderne » selon deux perspectives empirique et cognitif et selon deux modes de relation au collectif le réalisme et le nominalisme. Puis, elle inscrit la littérature de la RSE dans l’ontologie Moderne en montrant des filiations théoriques dans le courant conservationniste de la wilderness. Enfin, elle mobilise l’approche relationnelle pour analyser les enjeux socio-environnementaux et propose une autre appréhension de la RSE fondée sur une vision dynamique et relationnelle de la responsabilité où les frontières classiques de l’environnement des entreprises sont éclatées au profit de réseaux socio-environnementaux. / This dissertation studies the environmental dimension of CSR. Current issues raised by sustainability need to deconstruct the concept of CSR to reveal the underlying structure of the Business & Society academic field. Through historical and comparative approaches, this research follows the trail that socio-Environmental issues leave in the controversies they deploy, in the relationships they forge and in compromises they establish with human and non-Humans through the construction of four energy facilities in France (Tignes’ hydroelectric dam and La Rance’ tidal power plant) and Quebec (Bersimis’ hydroelectric dam and Gentilly’ nuclear plant) during the 1945th until the 1970th. In the line of work that develop non dichotomous understanding of the nature and culture by taking the refusal of Modern ontology (Latour; Descola; Gladwin, Kennely and Krause, and Banerjee etc.) as a base, it sheds light on associations/dissociations performed within heterogeneous group of allies and revisits "environmental turn" thanks to the precise analysis of the work of the founding father of CSR, Howard R. Bowen Social Responsibilities of the Businessman (1953), illuminating its theoretical legacies. This research aims at making three contributions. First, it refines the "naturalistic" approach or "Modern" in two empirical and cognitive perspectives and two modes of relating to collective: realism and nominalism. Then it entered the literature of CSR into the Modern ontology by showing theoretical legacies in wilderness conservation. Finally, it mobilizes the Amodern approach to analyze the socio-Environmental issues, and proposes an alternative understanding of CSR based on a dynamic and relational view of responsibility where the traditional boundaries of the business environment are broken in favor of socio-Environmental networks.

Bibliography: leaves 232-239 / This thesis investigates the various language varieties of Venda. In traditional descriptions, researchers were mainly concerned with linguistic differences which characterised the socalled Venda 'dialects'. These are spoken forms which are mutually intelligible to one another and which occur within identifiable regional boundaries. Each of these forms in turn, is mutually intelligible to the so-called standard form, commonly known as Tshiphani. Various factors contributed to the evolvement of · the Venda dialects and, as this study shows, in some cases these factors are historical in nature and in others, they are determined by adjacent ethnic groups of people. The linguistic differences which characterise each of these dialects are identified and discussed. It is then argued that the term 'dialect' is far too restricted to account for the various spoken forms which characterise the Venda language, and the term 'language variety' is introduced to deal with the shortcomings of the traditional approach to language differences. The nature of different spoken forms is then discussed within the ambit of the definition of 'language varieties'. This is a term used in general linguistic studies and accounts for the many different forms that may characterise a language.+ To this end, a detailed discussion is presented of the social rural and urban varieties which are found in Venda. Some of these varieties are secretive in nature, and are not generally known to the general public. They include language varieties which characterise various institutions such as murundu, vhutuka, musevhetho, vhusha, thondo and domba . Then there are those varieties which are referred to as 'open' rural varieties which are not, generally speaking secretive in nature, for example those which characterise traditional religious beliefs, taboo forms, and those referred to as musanda and malombo. Finally, reference is made to the language varieties which permeate urban as well as rural areas, including those of divination, the church, tsotsitaal, gender, a variety which is referred to as the the linguistic restriction variety and finally the varieties used in the courtroom as well as that used by politicians. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

This research pursues the use of the Bible in counseling. The focus is to identify the different theological paradigms in which the Bible is used and the different ways that counsellors make use of the Bible in therapy. It also pursues the experiences that the clients had of such counsellors in the use of the Bible. Therapists and clients from different theological backgrounds partake in this study. An overview is given of the shift that is taking place from a modern to a postmodern approach about reality, truth, and knowledge and the effect there of on the use of the Bible in therapy. The aim of the research is to explore if an evangelical christian in a postmodern context can make use of the Bible as the inspired word of God. The implication of this can be profound for pastoral therapy. A narrative paradigm is adopted to dicuss the discourses that evolved from the research. / Practical Theology / M.Th. (Pastoral Therapy)

This research pursues the use of the Bible in counseling. The focus is to identify the different theological paradigms in which the Bible is used and the different ways that counsellors make use of the Bible in therapy. It also pursues the experiences that the clients had of such counsellors in the use of the Bible. Therapists and clients from different theological backgrounds partake in this study. An overview is given of the shift that is taking place from a modern to a postmodern approach about reality, truth, and knowledge and the effect there of on the use of the Bible in therapy. The aim of the research is to explore if an evangelical christian in a postmodern context can make use of the Bible as the inspired word of God. The implication of this can be profound for pastoral therapy. A narrative paradigm is adopted to dicuss the discourses that evolved from the research. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Pastoral Therapy)