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Ce sujet de recherche revêt, d'une part, un caractère théorique puisqu'il aborde le problème d'estimation des systèmes singuliers linéaires et non linéaires à temps discret pour lesquels très peu de résultats sont disponibles et, d'autre part, un aspect pratique, car le modèle utilisé est d'une station d'épuration des eaux usées à boues activées. Dans la partie théorique, nous nous sommes intéressés, dans un premier temps, à l'estimation d'état des systèmes singuliers linéaires en utilisant l'approche d'estimation à horizon glissant. Deux estimateurs optimaux, au sens des moindres carrés et au sens de la variance minimale, ont été présentés. L'analyse de la convergence et de la stabilité de ces estimateurs est traités. Ensuite, nous avons présenté une approche pour l'observation de la classe des systèmes non linéaires lipschitziens à temps discret. En supposant que la partie linéaire de cette classe de systèmes est variante dans le temps, le problème de l'estimation d'état d'un système non linéaire est transformé en un problème d'estimation d'état d'un système LPV. La condition de stabilité de l'observateur proposé est exprimée en terme d'inégalités matricielles linéaires (LMI). Enfin, dans la partie pratique, les résultats obtenus sont validés par une application à un modèle d'une station d'épuration des eaux usées à boues activées. / This subject of research holds, on the one hand, a theoretical character since it tackles the state estimation problem for linear and nonlinear singular discrete time systems for which very few results are available and, on the other hand, a practical aspect because the used model is an activated sludge process for wastewater treatment. In the theoretical part, we were interested firstly in the state estimation problem of linear singular systems using the moving horizon approach. We have presented two optimal estimators with the least squares and the minimum variance formulations. The analysis of the convergence and the stability of the estimators are derived. Then, an observers synthesis method for nonlinear Lipschitz discrete-time systems is proposed. By supposing that the linear part of this class of systems is time-varying, the state estimation problem of nonlinear system is transformed into a state estimation problem for LPV system. The stability condition of the proposed observer is derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, in the practical part, the obtained results are validated by an application to an activated sludge process for wastewater treatment.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de deux phases du processus de la livraison e-commerce. La première partie est consacrée aux opérations de préparation des commandes et de leur expédition. Nous proposons un modèle global basé sur la coordination de la préparation et de l'expédition et l'intégration tactique-opérationnelle. La méthode de la résolution proposée repose sur la décomposition du problème en trois phases et il a été démontré qu'elle surpasse significativement le solveur commercial. Ensuite, nous proposons un second modèle basé sur une procédure dynamique à horizon glissant qui prend en compte l'incertitude du nombre des commandes futures. La deuxième partie de la thèse est consacrée à un système de livraison du dernier kilomètre offrant deux familles de services. Nous abordons un problème de tarification des services qui prend en compte le comportement des clients. Les clients sont sensibles au tarif d'un service de livraison, mais aussi à sa qualité. Nous proposons un modèle à deux niveaux où au niveau supérieur, le fournisseur de services contrôle des tarifs. Au niveau inférieur, les clients réagissent en choisissant leur service de livraison selon une fonction d'utilité qui incorpore le tarif du fournisseur et la congestion perçue. Nous modélisons la réaction des clients à l'aide d'un modèle logit imbriqué et calculons l'état de l'équilibre des utilisateurs. Basé sur une recherche locale qui exploite une analyse de sensibilité pour le SUE, un nouvel algorithme heuristique pour le problème de tarification des services à deux niveaux est proposé et comparé à d'autres approches existantes. / All over the world, the growth of e-commerce has led to an increasing importance of the inherent supply chain. This thesis is dedicated to the study of two phases of the e-fulillment process. The first part is dedicated to to the warehouse where picking and shipping operations are conducted at the e-fulfilment process uphill. We propose a global model based on picking and shipping coordination, and tactical-operational integration. The solution method proposed is based on decomposition of the problem in three phases and it was shown to outperform significantly commercial solver. Then we propose, a second model that is based on a dynamic procedure with rolling horizon that takes into account the uncertainty of the future demand. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to last mile delivery system offering two families of services. We address a services pricing problem that takes into account the customers behaviour. Customers are sensitive to the tariff of a delivery service, but also to its quality. We propose a bilevel model where at the upper level, the provider control services tariffs. At the lower level, users react by choosing their delivery service according to a utility function which incorporates the provider tariff and the perceived congestion. We model the customers reaction using a nested logit model and compute the resulting stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). Based on a local search that exploits a sensitivity analysis for the SUE, a new heuristic algorithm for the bilevel services pricing problem is proposed and compared to others existing approaches.

Effective interactive computing methods are needed in a number of specific areas of geophysical interpretation, even though the basic algorithms have been established. One approach to raise the quality of interpretation is to promote better interaction between human and the computer. The thesis is concerned with improving this dialog in three areas: automatic event picking, data visualization and sparse data imaging. Fully automatic seismic event picking methods work well in relatively good conditions. They collapse when the signal-to-noise ratio is low and the structure of the subsurface is complex. The interactive seismic event picking system described here blends the interpreter's guidance and judgment into the computer program, as it can bring the user into the loop to make subjective decisions when the picking problem is complicated. Several interactive approaches for 2-D event picking and 3-D horizon tracking have been developed. Envelope (or amplitude) threshold detection for first break picking is based on the assumption that the power of the signal is larger than that of the noise. Correlation and instantaneous phase pickers are designed for and better suited to picking other arrivals. The former is based on the cross-correlation function, and a model trace (or model traces) selected by the interpreter is needed. The instantaneous phase picker is designed to track spatial variations in the instantaneous phase of the analytic form of the arrival. The picking options implemented into the software package SeisWin were tested on real data drawn from many sources, such as full waveform sonic borehole logs, seismic reflection surveys and borehole radar profiles, as well as seven of the most recent 3-D seismic surveys conducted over Australian coal mines. The results show that the interactive picking system in SeisWin is efficient and tolerant. The 3-D horizon tracking method developed especially attracts industrial users. The visualization of data is also a part of the study, as picking accuracy, and indeed the whole of seismic interpretation depends largely on the quality of the final display. The display is often the only window through which an interpreter can see the earth's substructures. Display is a non-linear operation. Adjustments made to meet display deficiencies such as automatic gain control (AGC) have an important and yet ill-documented effect on the performance of pattern recognition operators, both human and computational. AGC is usually implemented in one dimension. Some of the tools in wide spread use for two dimensional image processing which are of great value in the local gain control of conventional seismic sections such as edge detectors, histogram equalisers, high-pass filters, shaded relief are discussed. Examples are presented to show the relative effectiveness of various display options. Conventional migration requires dense arrays with uniform coverage and uniform illumination of targets. There are, however, many instances in which these ideals can not be approached. Event migration and common tangent plane stacking procedures were developed especially for sparse data sets as a part of the research effort underlying this thesis. Picked-event migration migrates the line between any two points on different traces on the time section to the base map. The interplay between the space and time domain gives the interpreter an immediate view of mapping. Tangent plane migration maps the reflector by accumulating the energy from any two possible reflecting points along the common tangent lines on the space plane. These methods have been applied to both seismic and borehole-radar data and satisfactory results have been achieved.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-232) / xxii, 232 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Due to the rapid deployment of modern over-the-horizon radars, antenna/sensor position errors may be present and, since the antennas have a simple and cost-effective design, mutual coupling may also be present. These imperfections, which can degrade radar performance, form the basis of the investigation. Also calibrates the receiving array of the Jindalee over-the-horizon radar (located in Central Australia) using echoes from meteor trails. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1998

Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-232) / xxii, 232 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Due to the rapid deployment of modern over-the-horizon radars, antenna/sensor position errors may be present and, since the antennas have a simple and cost-effective design, mutual coupling may also be present. These imperfections, which can degrade radar performance, form the basis of the investigation. Also calibrates the receiving array of the Jindalee over-the-horizon radar (located in Central Australia) using echoes from meteor trails. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1998

Effective interactive computing methods are needed in a number of specific areas of geophysical interpretation, even though the basic algorithms have been established. One approach to raise the quality of interpretation is to promote better interaction between human and the computer. The thesis is concerned with improving this dialog in three areas: automatic event picking, data visualization and sparse data imaging. Fully automatic seismic event picking methods work well in relatively good conditions. They collapse when the signal-to-noise ratio is low and the structure of the subsurface is complex. The interactive seismic event picking system described here blends the interpreter's guidance and judgment into the computer program, as it can bring the user into the loop to make subjective decisions when the picking problem is complicated. Several interactive approaches for 2-D event picking and 3-D horizon tracking have been developed. Envelope (or amplitude) threshold detection for first break picking is based on the assumption that the power of the signal is larger than that of the noise. Correlation and instantaneous phase pickers are designed for and better suited to picking other arrivals. The former is based on the cross-correlation function, and a model trace (or model traces) selected by the interpreter is needed. The instantaneous phase picker is designed to track spatial variations in the instantaneous phase of the analytic form of the arrival. The picking options implemented into the software package SeisWin were tested on real data drawn from many sources, such as full waveform sonic borehole logs, seismic reflection surveys and borehole radar profiles, as well as seven of the most recent 3-D seismic surveys conducted over Australian coal mines. The results show that the interactive picking system in SeisWin is efficient and tolerant. The 3-D horizon tracking method developed especially attracts industrial users. The visualization of data is also a part of the study, as picking accuracy, and indeed the whole of seismic interpretation depends largely on the quality of the final display. The display is often the only window through which an interpreter can see the earth's substructures. Display is a non-linear operation. Adjustments made to meet display deficiencies such as automatic gain control (AGC) have an important and yet ill-documented effect on the performance of pattern recognition operators, both human and computational. AGC is usually implemented in one dimension. Some of the tools in wide spread use for two dimensional image processing which are of great value in the local gain control of conventional seismic sections such as edge detectors, histogram equalisers, high-pass filters, shaded relief are discussed. Examples are presented to show the relative effectiveness of various display options. Conventional migration requires dense arrays with uniform coverage and uniform illumination of targets. There are, however, many instances in which these ideals can not be approached. Event migration and common tangent plane stacking procedures were developed especially for sparse data sets as a part of the research effort underlying this thesis. Picked-event migration migrates the line between any two points on different traces on the time section to the base map. The interplay between the space and time domain gives the interpreter an immediate view of mapping. Tangent plane migration maps the reflector by accumulating the energy from any two possible reflecting points along the common tangent lines on the space plane. These methods have been applied to both seismic and borehole-radar data and satisfactory results have been achieved.

In December of 2016, the Theater Department at Southern Illinois University (SIU) presented a production of Beyond the Horizon by Eugene O’Neill. This play, the first full-length published by O’Neill, is the journey of the Mayo family as they deal with love, loss, and the persistent need to continue reaching for a dream. This thesis document will outline my struggles to create an idealistic horizon while keeping the main characters physically rooted to their farm. Chapter 1 details my analysis of the source material and includes reviews on symbols and connections between characters. Chapter 2 is a narrative on my experience during the design process, and Chapter 3 is a review of my work and a personal critique.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF NICHOLAS B. RADCLIFFE, for the Master of Fine Arts degree in THEATER, presented on December 14, 2015, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: THE HOPELESS HOPE OR THE POET’S PASSION IN THE FARMER’S PRAGMATIC WORLD: DIRECTING EUGENE O’NEILL’S BEYOND THE HORIZON MAJOR PROFESSOR: Olusegun Ojewuyi The Hopeless Hope… documents the process of directing Beyond the Horizon, presented December 11-13, 2015 in the McLeod Theater at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. The document specifically details the development of the director’s vision for the production, from the initial readings and research through rehearsal, performance and post-production evaluations. The document is organized chronologically, beginning in Chapter 1 with a discussion of the director’s research and how that research influenced the analysis of the play, progressing to the development of the vision and concept. Chapter 2 details the production process from design and casting, through rehearsal and into performance. Chapter 3 is a personal evaluation of the overall process and production, including the discovery of opportunities for future growth and experimentation in the art of directing. Chapter 4 examines collaboration as a tool for the director, specifically exploring the commonalities between successful and failed collaborations, aiming to arrive at possible strategies for preventing breakdowns in collaborative partnerships.

Traditionally, the Middle Horizon has been characterized by the presence or influence of Wari imperialism throughout ancient Peru. With lesser known areas of the Andes now being explored, this view is considered somewhat passé, monolithic, and lacking heuristic value. Although many Middle Horizon peoples may not have fallen under the rubric of direct Wari control, others certainly did, and it is this variability in degrees of administrative control across regions that is considered a classic hallmark of imperialism. With that said, Middle Horizon research in Cuzco offers a unique opportunity to study a Wari region that was under direct imperial control. Archaeological investigations of Wari Cuzco sites show that this region was not only tightly administered by the Wari heartland, but also that the control that the Wari imposed upon it endured for more than two centuries. This chapter reviews evidence for exchange between the Cuzco Wari and people in other regions towards an understanding of its highly controlled nature. It considers how Cuzco was run and why it was so important to the empire as a whole. / Por todo el antiguo Perú, el Horizonte Medio tradicionalmente ha sido caracterizado por la presencia o influencia del Imperio wari. Con la exploración reciente de áreas hasta hace poco desconocidas, esta perspectiva está considerada anticuada y sin valor. Aunque mucha gente del Horizonte Medio pudo no haber estado bajo el control administrativo de los wari, otra gente si lo estaba y esta diferencia, la cual existía por todas las regiones, representaba el sistema imperialista. Habiendo dicho esto, las investigaciones sobre el Horizonte Medio en Cuzco ofrecen una oportunidad única para estudiar una región bajo el control administrativo directo de los wari. Investigaciones en los sitios arqueológicos wari en Cuzco muestran que esta región ha estado no solo controlada estrictamente por el gobierno de la capital wari, sino que también fue un control que duró por más que dos siglos. Este capítulo revisa la evidencia del intercambio que hubo entre los wari del Cuzco y la gente de otras regiones, para poder llegar a un entendimiento de la naturaleza de este control. También se considera cómo Cuzco funcionaba y la influencia del imperio.