This master thesis deals with the development of an expansive anchor material. This material is intended especially for the engineering and power industry where the operating conditions cause thermal stresses of the anchor. In order to meet the requirements for a firm and secure connection of the anchored part, it is necessary to achieve excellent physical-mechanical properties of the developed material such as high compressive strength, high tensile strength based on the base, and resistance to thermal stresses till 200 ° C. All of these processes must be achieved after the ageing of the cement material. Due to the current trend of modern materials that are environmentally friendly, the use of partial replacements for Portland cement is used as a substitute for a primary binder.

This diploma thesis is deals with design of steel structure of a shopping centre. The object is situated in the Ostrava and has a rectangular and semicircle ground plan. The total ground plan dimensions are 72,5 x 55,0 m. The maximum height of a building is 18,75 m. The object has three storeys above ground. The material of main construction is steel grade S235. The ceilings are constructed from a steel-concrete beams. The roof above central part of the object has shape of a circular arch; above the other part of the building is a pitched roof. The design of main structures was made for two variants. The design of connections, anchorage and drawing documentation were made for the preferable variant.

The subject of the diploma thesis is design and structural analysis of loadbearing steel structure of observation tower, which is located southeast of Černá Hora, township Blansko. The design is processed in two options. Parts of the thesis are engineering report, structural design report for both of the options and graphical documentation in specified range. The structure’s height is 25.3 m and maximal ground plan dimension is 6 x 6 m. Steel grade S355 was chosen as main material. The sub-objectives of the structural analysis are load effects calculations (permanent load, imposed load and climatic load), entering of loads to the calculation model and calculation of internal forces and deformations. An assessment of the supporting elements and selected joints is also included. There are dynamic design features considered in the calculation. All calculations were performed in accordance with valid ČSN EN standards.

Endogène du territoire et présente des enjeux politiques et économiques forts. Pour l’entreprise, il concerne la construction collective de ressources, spécifiques et localisées. A ce titre il présente également un enjeu managérial.La littérature a montré l’influence des préférences personnelles du dirigeant de PME sur certains choix managériaux, notamment concernant la localisation de l’entreprise. Prolongeant ces travaux, nous cherchons à comprendre l’influence que le lien personnel entre le dirigeant et le territoire exerce sur l’ancrage territorial des PME.Nous conduisons cinq études de cas, dans une perspective entrepreneuriale, en mobilisant à la fois la théorie des conventions et les travaux sur la proximité. A des fins instrumentales, nous utilisons le business model, dans une approche conventionnaliste (modèle Génération Rémunération Partage), afin de comprendre l’ancrage territorial des entreprises observées.Les résultats font apparaître l’influence effective du lien personnel du dirigeant au territoire. Ils montrent que l’ancrage opéré n’est pas nécessairement stratégique. Les liens peuvent être affectifs, opportunistes mais aussi idéologiques. Le dirigeant de PME apparaît comme un acteur politique du territoire. La recherche montre également la diversité des situations d’ancrage (ancrage sociétal, de patrimoine, d’innovation). Enfin, elle permet d’approfondir l’articulation entre différentes formes proximiques et conventionnelles dans la coordination en situation d’ancrage.Mots / Territorial anchoring is an interdisciplinary subject. It contributes to the endogenous development of the territory and raises strong political and economic issues. For the company, it involves a collective construction of resources that are specific and localized. As such, it is also a managerial challenge.The literature has shown the influence of the personal preferences of the SME's manager on some business choices, particularly those concerning the location of the company. In line with these studies, the aim of our study was to understand the influence of the personal link between the entrepreneur and the territory upon the territorial anchoring of SMEs.We conducted five case studies in an entrepreneurial perspective, mobilizing both the conventions theory and research on proximity. The business model was used as an analytical framework to understand the territorial anchoring of the SMEs observed. The GRS model (Generation Remuneration Sharing) is a conventionalist modelisation of the business model.The findings highlight the effective influence of the link between the entrepreneur and the territory. Territorial anchoring is not always the result of a strategic decision. Links can be emotional, opportunistic, but also ideological. The SME manager appears as a political actor in the territory. The study also showed the diversity of anchoring situations. Anchoring can be established on CSR - Corporate Social Responsibility -, local heritage, and innovation. Finally, it deepens our understanding of how coordination in an anchoring situation is based on combinations of proximities and conventions

Die kontinuumsmechanische Untersuchung der Lastübertragungsmechanismen zwischen den Rovings im textilbewehrten Feinbeton trägt wesentlich zum Gesamtverständnis des mechanischen Verhaltens des Verbundmaterials bei. Neben der Erfassung der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung sich kreuzender Rovings erfordert insbesondere die mechanische Modellierung und numerische Simulation von Bewehrungsstößen und Endverankerungen die Kenntnis dieser Übertragungsmechanismen. Die numerischen Simulationen sollen u. a. zeigen, welche Endverankerungslängen und welche Übergreifungslängen an Bewehrungsstößen erforderlich sind und wie die Querbewehrung die Rissbildung beeinflusst. / This paper concerns with the investigation of stress transfer mechanisms between yarns and concrete matrix and their influence on the overall behavior of textile reinforced concrete (TRC). This investigation considers textile reinforcement splices and textile reinforcement development lengths and carried out by means of Finite-Element simulations and fracture mechanic approaches. A first modeling procedure is made towards analyzing and investigating the damage mechanisms in TRC specimen under tension loading which are mainly characterized by matrix cracking and yarn pullout. This modeling approach allows for considering the yarn crack bridging which is a main characteristic behavior of TRC. In the same manner, 3D Finite-Element models are conducted for calculating the required reinforcement development lengths and the reinforcement overlapping lengths. The conducted approach takes into account different damage mechanisms observed in the corresponding experimental investigations which are also used for calibrating the modeling procedures. Moreover, the presented approach covers a wide range of required textile reinforcement overlapping lengths and development lengths and provides the corresponding ultimate loads.

This is my thesis research on the preparation of borylazadipyrromethene (azaBODIPY) dyes bearing an anchoring group, such as a carboxylic acid group, at the β-pyrrolic position of the azadipyrromethene scaffold. Carboxylate groups form covalent bonds to oxide semiconductors such as TiO2 (n-type) or Cu2O (p-type) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) or photogalvanic dye-sensitized solar cells (P-DSCs). Oxide-binding azaBODIPY dyes can be used to investigate the rate and mechanism of electron injection from the dyes to the semiconductors. Two different types of azaBODIPY (difluoroboryl and dialkynylboryl) were prepared by following previously developed methods. To convert difluoroborylazaBODIPY to the final dyes having a carboxylic acid in the β-pyrrolic position, several distinct synthetic routes were designed, adopting various reactions, such as halogenation, Sonogashira coupling, Knoevenagel condensation, Grignard reagents, Vilsmeir-Haack, and Steglich esterification. Some of these reactions were successful, but the overall synthesis to the targeted final molecule couldn’t be accomplished. Even though further studies on the synthesis of oxide-binding azaBODIPYs are needed, at least my thesis research suggests what reactions can be implemented to complete this synthesis in the future. Proton NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and carbon NMR were commonly used to confirm the synthesized compounds, and sometimes crystallographic information was obtained by XRD (X-ray diffraction) whenever crystals of sufficient size and quality were grown. NMR spectra, interpreted by SpinWorks 3 software, and crystal structures will be introduced in each chapter.

Self-assembling protein surface layers (S-layers) are ubiquitous prokaryotic cell-surface structures involved in structural maintenance, nutrient diffusion, host adhesion, virulence, and many additional processes, which makes them appealing targets for therapeutics and biotechnological applications, including live vaccines, liposome drug delivery and biosensors. Unlocking this potential requires expanding our understanding of S-layer properties, especially the details of surface-attachment. S-layers of Gram-positive bacteria often are attached through the interaction of specialized S-layer homology (SLH) domain trimers with peptidoglycan-linked secondary cell wall polymers (SCWPs). Characterization of this interaction in the Gram-positive model organism Paenibacillus alvei CCM 2051T reveals that, remarkably, binding-site switches can occur between two distinct SLH-domain SCWP receptor-site grooves in the S-layer protein SpaA, possibly as part of a mechanism to alleviate strain in the S-layer. To date, however, analysis of this novel mechanism has been limited to the terminal SCWP monosaccharide and the internal SCWP repeat disaccharide ligand analogues, leaving open the role of subsequent SCWP sugar residues in binding, as well as whether the two receptor sites are also suited to accommodate longer SCWP ligands that better approximate the biological target at the surface of P. alvei. To address this, the objective of this work aims to uncover and characterize the details of the SpaA SLH-domain (SpaASLH¬) SCWP-interaction by determining the co-crystal structures of SpaASLH¬, and single (SpaASLH/G109A) and the corresponding double (SpaASLH/G46A/G109A) mutants in complex with synthetic terminal disaccharide and trisaccharide analogues of the P. alvei CCM 2051T SCWP target. These structural characterizations have been supplemented with disaccharide and trisaccharide binding data, which was obtained through thermodynamic ITC analyses carried out by collaborators. The co-crystal structures of P. alvei SpaASLH with synthetic, terminal SCWP disaccharide and trisaccharide analogues, together with previously published monosaccharide-bound SpaASLH structures, reveal that while the SLH trimer accommodates longer biologically relevant SCWP ligands within both its primary (G2) and secondary (G1) binding sites, the terminal pyruvylated ManNAc moiety serves as the nearly-exclusive SCWP anchoring point. Binding is accompanied by displacement of a flexible loop adjacent to the receptor site that enhances the complementarity between protein and ligand, including electrostatic complementarity with the terminal pyruvate moiety. Remarkably, binding of the pyruvylated monosaccharide SCWP fragment alone is sufficient to cause rearrangement of the receptor binding sites in a manner necessary to accommodate longer SCWP fragments. The observation of multiple conformations for longer oligosaccharides bound to the protein, together with the demonstrated functionality of two of the three SCWP receptor binding sites, reveals how the SpaASLH-SCWP interaction has evolved to accommodate longer SCWP ligands and alleviate the strain inherent to bacterial S-layer adhesion during growth and division. In addition, to further clarify the steps involved in SCWP biosynthesis, we present a crystal structure of the unliganded UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase enzyme MnaA, which catalyzes the interconversion of UDP-GlcNAc into UDP-ManNAc—an essential building block of the P. alvei SCWP target. The P. alvei MnaA epimerase adopts a GT-B fold that is consistent with the architecture of previously published structures of other bacterial non-hydrolyzing UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase enzymes for which substrate binding is observed in the cleft located between the two domains. Characterization of this structure, coupled with an analysis of the sequence of the MnaA protein, reveals the presence of conserved residues that define the catalytic and allosteric sites in homologous enzymes from different organisms. These residues are positioned to accommodate substrate within the MnaA binding cleft in much the same manner as the published enzyme homologues, suggesting that allosteric regulation as a mechanism for enzyme regulation is conserved in P. alvei MnaA. These investigations are part of a greater effort toward understanding SLH domain-mediated SCWP-interactions in Gram-positive organisms, and provide insight into the structure and putative function of this SCWP biosynthetic enzyme. By understanding these processes, this knowledge may contribute to providing a platform for the rational design of Gram-positive inhibitors. Such inhibitors could selectively target, for example, the bacterial S-layer SCWP-binding interaction, or perhaps the essential biosynthetic enzymes involved in producing the exclusive targets that these S-layer proteins recognize and bind, and would thus represent a new class of antimicrobial therapeutics. / Graduate

The subject of the diploma thesis is design and structural analysis of the sports hall. The building is located in Pardubice city. The dimensions of a floor plan are 45,5 m x 30,0 m, the height is 13,0 m. There is a sport facilities unit adjusted to the construction. The dimension of such an object is 39,0 m x 10,0 m. The load-bearing structure consists of truss girders, which are pin-supported by fixed columns. The distance between main trusses is 6,5 m. The supporting part of the roof deck consists of solid-purlins. Space stability is ensured by cross bracing and longitudinal bracing. All bars are rolled steel profiles and are designed according to current ČSN EN standards. Steel S355 is used as the construction material. In this work is processed a structural design report of main elements including connections and drawing documentation.

Non-destructive inspection using ultrasonic anchoring method is the only possible way to detect inadequate anchorage length. For rescue roads systems inadequate anchoring can have fatal consequences. Therefore, control anchoring bridge barriers should be carried out every installation of crash barriers.

This doctoral thesis deals with design of three variants of ultra lightweight concrete (ULC) and their mechanical properties. The ULC usually has the dry density of 900-1200 kg/m3 and it is possible to use it for load bearing structures. Low density of ULC is achieved by replacing heavy aggregate for lightweight aggregate. The lightweight aggregate is known under the trade name Liapor in the Czech Republic. To achieve density below 1000 kg/m3, an aeration of the paste has to be done. An exchange of heavy aggregate for lightweight aggregate results in a very fragile behavior of ULC. A great attention is paid to bond strength between concrete and reinforcing steel in the thesis. In addition to the standard test of bond strength testing by pull-out, a modified pull-out test is designed, which includes the effect of minimum reinforcement cover. The mentioned test more precisely simulates a real behaviour of the structure exposed to bending moment. The doctoral thesis tries to point out on different parameters between measured data and the applicable standard for the design of load-bearing structures.